ASHRAE 171-2017 Method of Testing for Rating Seismic and Wind Restraints.pdf

1、ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 171-2017(Supersedes ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 171-2008)Method of Testing forRating Seismic andWind RestraintsApproved by ASHRAE on May 31, 2017, and by the American National Standards Institute on June 1, 2017.ASHRAE Standards are scheduled to be updated on a five-year cycle; the dat

2、e following the Standard number is the year ofASHRAE approval. The latest edition of an ASHRAE Standard may be purchased on the ASHRAE website (www.ashrae.org)or from ASHRAE Customer Service, 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-2305. E-mail: ordersashrae.org. Fax: 678-539-2129. Telephone: 404-

3、636-8400 (worldwide) or toll free 1-800-527-4723 (for orders in US and Canada). For reprintpermission, go to www.ashrae.org/permissions. 2017 ASHRAE ISSN 1041-2336SPECIAL NOTEThis American National Standard (ANS) is a national voluntary consensus Standard developed under the auspices of ASHRAE. Cons

4、ensus is definedby the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), of which ASHRAE is a member and which has approved this Standard as an ANS, as“substantial agreement reached by directly and materially affected interest categories. This signifies the concurrence of more than a simple majority,but

5、 not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that an effort be made toward their resolution.”Compliance with this Standard is voluntary until and unless a legal jurisdiction makes compliance mandatory through legislation. ASHRAE obtains consensus th

6、rough participation of its national and international members, associated societies, and public review.ASHRAE Standards are prepared by a Project Committee appointed specifically for the purpose of writing the Standard. The ProjectCommittee Chair and Vice-Chair must be members of ASHRAE; while other

7、 committee members may or may not be ASHRAE members, allmust be technically qualified in the subject area of the Standard. Every effort is made to balance the concerned interests on all Project Committees. The Senior Manager of Standards of ASHRAE should be contacted fora. interpretation of the cont

8、ents of this Standard,b. participation in the next review of the Standard,c. offering constructive criticism for improving the Standard, ord. permission to reprint portions of the Standard.DISCLAIMERASHRAE uses its best efforts to promulgate Standards and Guidelines for the benefit of the public in

9、light of available information and acceptedindustry practices. However, ASHRAE does not guarantee, certify, or assure the safety or performance of any products, components, or systemstested, installed, or operated in accordance with ASHRAEs Standards or Guidelines or that any tests conducted under i

10、ts Standards or Guidelineswill be nonhazardous or free from risk.ASHRAE INDUSTRIAL ADVERTISING POLICY ON STANDARDSASHRAE Standards and Guidelines are established to assist industry and the public by offering a uniform method of testing for rating purposes, bysuggesting safe practices in designing an

11、d installing equipment, by providing proper definitions of this equipment, and by providing other informationthat may serve to guide the industry. The creation of ASHRAE Standards and Guidelines is determined by the need for them, and conformanceto them is completely voluntary.In referring to this S

12、tandard or Guideline and in marking of equipment and in advertising, no claim shall be made, either stated or implied,that the product has been approved by ASHRAE.ASHRAE Standard Project Committee 171Cognizant TC: 2.7, Seismic and Wind Restraint DesignSPLS Liaison: Peter SimmondsJames R. Tauby*, Cha

13、ir E. Doug Fitts* Paul W. Meisel*Mohammed B. Anbari* John P. Giuliano* Karl L. Peterman*Michael R. Bilderbeck* Eli P. Howard, III* Neil George Savory*James A. Carlson* David J. Jeltes* Hassan Ali Sultan*Harold J. Dubensky* Gregory L. Meeuwsen* Denotes members of voting status when the document was a

14、pproved for publicationASHRAE STANDARDS COMMITTEE 20162017Rita M. Harrold, Chair Michael W. Gallagher Cyrus H. NasseriSteven J. Emmerich, Vice-Chair Walter T. Grondzik David RobinJames D. Aswegan Vinod P. Gupta Peter SimmondsNiels Bidstrup Susanna S. Hanson Dennis A. StankeDonald M. Brundage Roger L

15、. Hedrick Wayne H. Stoppelmoor, Jr.Drury B. Crawley Rick M. Heiden Jack H. ZarourJohn F. Dunlap, Srinivas Katipamula William F. Walter, BOD ExOJames W. Earley, Jr. Cesar L. Lim Patricia Graef, COKeith I. Emerson Arsen K. MelikovJulie M. Ferguson R. Lee Millies, Jr.Stephanie C. Reiniche, Senior Manag

16、er of Standards ASHRAE (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.CONTENTSANSI/ASHRAE Standard 171-2017Method of Testing for Rating Seismic and Wind Restrain

17、tsSECTION PAGEForeword .21 Purpose.22 Scope23 Terms, Definitions, and Units24 Summary of Test and Rating Methods35 Test Lab Setup and Instrumentation.46 Test Samples 57 Test Procedure58 Rating Methodology 69 Report .710 Precision and Bias.711 Conformance.712 References7Informative Annex ARestraint a

18、nd Fixture Examples 8Normative Annex BRestraint Family Rating 11Normative Annex CUse of Ratings with ASD Methods .12Normative Annex DCertification.13NOTEApproved addenda, errata, or interpretations for this standard can be downloaded free of charge from the ASHRAEwebsite at www.ashrae.org/technology

19、. 2017 ASHRAE1791 Tullie Circle NE Atlanta, GA 30329 www.ashrae.org All rights reserved.ASHRAE is a registered trademark of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.ANSI is a registered trademark of the American National Standards Institute. ASHRAE (www.ashr

20、ae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.2 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 171-2017(This foreword is not part of this standard. It is merelyinformative and does not contain re

21、quirements necessaryfor conformance to the standard. It has not been pro-cessed according to the ANSI requirements for a standardand may contain material that has not been subject topublic review or a consensus process. Unresolved objec-tors on informative material are not offered the right toappeal

22、 at ASHRAE or ANSI.)FOREWORDSeismic and wind restraints are motion-limiting devices usedto secure nonstructural components by minimizing the differ-ential movement between a component and the supportingbuilding structure during an earthquake or a high-wind event.In many cases, the restraints are vit

23、al to ensuring the contin-ued operation of a facility after an extreme event; they helpensure building systems do not flex excessively, break, or fallon building occupants. Because restraints can play such animportant life-safety role, it is necessary to ensure they arecapable of withstanding the an

24、ticipated design loads.This testing for rating standard helps restraint manufac-turers to determine that capability and is based on modernengineering practices, research, testing, and similar stan-dards of other organizations. The advice of manufacturers,users, trade associations, and local authorit

25、ies has also beenconsidered. There are many types of restraintse.g., restraints withintegral vibration isolation, sway-bracing restraints for sus-pended components, snubbers and rigid restraints for floormounted componentsand this standard attempts to addressthe most common types in a manner that co

26、rresponds withdesign methodologies defined in modern building codes.This revision is a complete overhaul of the original stan-dard, published in 2008, replacing a static push/pull testmethod with a cyclical, low-frequency test method and estab-lishing a rating methodology for use with building codes

27、.Restraint capacities determined using the previous versionare no longer considered valid.1. PURPOSEThis standard provides a test procedure for rating the capacityof seismic and wind restraints for nonstructural componentsand systems by determining the maximum loads a restraintcan withstand without

28、breakage or excessive deformation.2. SCOPEThis standard is limited in its application and is appropriateonly for certain types of restraints made with certain materi-als, as defined below.2.1 Types of Restraintsa. Single-directional, single-axis, multiangle (e.g., cablerestraints that provide tensio

29、n-only restraint and can beinstalled at various angles).b. Bidirectional, single-axis, multiangle (e.g., rigid braces/restraints).c. Single-directional, single-axis, single-angle (e.g., bum-pers that limit the motion of nonstructural components inone direction).d. Multidirectional, multiaxis, with n

30、o operating clearance(e.g., brackets and other rigid restraints that connect non-structural components directly to structure).e. Multidirectional, multiaxis, with operating clearance (e.g.,snubbers that limit the motion of nonstructural compo-nents in multiple directions).f. Multidirectional, multia

31、xis, with integral isolation (e.g.,combination isolator/restraints that provide vibration iso-lation for nonstructural components and include a meansof multiaxial restraint).2.2 Restraint Materialsa. Ferrous metals, including those used in ductile castings,structural stainless steel, and structural

32、carbon steel.b. Nonferrous materials such as aluminum, copper, andbrass.c. Nonmetallic materials such as fiberglass, elastomer, natu-ral rubber, and composites.2.3 Not Included in Scopea. This standard does not address the durability of any sup-ported equipment, or other nonstructural components, an

33、dtheir ability to remain functional during and at the conclu-sion of a seismic event.b. This standard does not apply to restraints using nonduc-tile materials.c. Unless otherwise defined, individual parts used in a com-plete restraint system assembly are not meant to be testedand rated using this st

34、andard. d. Any attachment fasteners and any members in the loadpath on the structural side of the building-attached compo-nents are outside the scope of this standard.e. Any intermediate component support frames or basesbetween the restraint and the nonstructural componentbeing restrained are outsid

35、e the scope of this test standardand, for the purposes of this method, are considered partof the component.f. This standard is not appropriate for determining thecapacity of devices that are used in extreme shock (e.g.,blast) or long-term dynamic loading applications.3. TERMS, DEFINITIONS, AND UNITS

36、3.1 Terms and Definitionsanticipated maximum capacity load, lbs (kN): the manu-facturer-supplied value representing the greatest unfactoredload on a particular axis that the restraint being tested isexpected to withstand. This value is given to the test labbefore the start of testing and is used for

37、 setting test loadvalues and for limiting the final rated capacity. This valuemay need to be adjusted by the manufacturer if, through nofault of the test setup, a sample fails during the initial load-ing sequence (see Section 7.4). axis, X; Y; Z: this standard refers to the horizontal orthogonalaxes

38、 (relative to the floor plane) as “X” and “Y” and the verti- ASHRAE (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 171-2017 3cal axis perpen

39、dicular to the floor plane as “Z.” By conven-tion, the X-axis is used for the major axis of a floor-mountedrestraint (typically the length or longest dimension of arestraint) and the Y-axis is the minor axis (typically therestraint width).combined XZ axis: the axis at 45 degrees between the X-axis a

40、nd Z-bined YZ axis: the axis at 45 degrees between the Y-axis and Z-axis.bidirectional: a type of restraint that resists a load on oneaxis, in either direction (e.g., a rigid brace); also, a test equip-ment loading methodology that imparts both compression andtension loads on a sample being tested.b

41、umper: a type of snubber restraint that resists load in onlyone direction, is not attached to the nonstructural component,and is typically installed with an operating clearance.cable restraint: a wire rope or aircraft cable assembly used asa single-directional, single-axis, multiangle restraint.defo

42、rmation limit, in. (mm): the maximum allowable dis-placement as measured during a test between the primaryattachment point of a restraint (where the restraint is con-nected to structure) and the secondary attachment/contactpoint (where the restraint is connected to, or, as in the case ofsnubbers, ma

43、kes initial contact with, a nonstructural compo-nent). This includes, but is not limited to, displacement due toair gaps, bolt hole spacing, elastomeric element deformation,and material yield.failure: the moment when a restraint sample being testedbreaks, fractures, can no longer support load, or ex

44、ceeds thedeformation limits defined in this standard.fastener: hardware, not part of the restraint, used to connect arestraint sample to a fixture/apparatus in the test equipment.maximum capacity load, lbs (kN): the recorded maximumload a restraint sample withstands during the last full loadcycle of

45、 a test on a certain axis before failure.rated capacity, lbs (kN): 90% of the lesser of either the low-est value of all maximum capacity loads on a certain axis,determined by testing multiple restraint samples, or twice theanticipated maximum capacity load on that axis. Single-axis,multiangle restra

46、ints will have one rated capacity determinedfrom all installation angles (see Section 5.3). Multiaxisrestraints will have at least four rated capacities (i.e., X-axis,Y-axis, Z-axis, and the lesser of the combined XZ-axis or com-bined YZ-axis). These are then reported as horizontal ratedcapacity (th

47、e lesser of the X-axis and Y-axis rated capacity),vertical rated capacity (Z-axis rated capacity), and combinedrated capacity (the lesser of the combined XZ-axis and com-bined YZ-axis). The results from this standard are for use incurrent codes using strength design (load and resistance factordesign

48、 LRFD) calculation methods; see Normative Annex Cfor guidance on using the results with allowable stress design(ASD) methods.restraint: for the purposes of this standard, a restraint is amotion-limiting device used with nonstructural componentsthat is connected to building structure and is either co

49、nnecteddirectly or placed adjacent to a nonstructural component. Arestraint may be an assembly having multiple parts used totransfer loads from the nonstructural component to the struc-ture. This standard is designed to test for rating the entirerestraint assembly and not individual parts; however, commonacceptable practice and this standard allow for testing one endof single-axis restraints. The attachment hardware used to con-nect the restraint to structure, or to the nonstructural compo-nent, may or may not be part of the restraint being tested forr