ASHRAE 189 3-2017 Design Construction and Operation of Sustainable High-Performance Health Care Facilities.pdf

1、ANSI/ASHRAE/ASHE Standard 189.3-2017Design, Construction, andOperation of SustainableHigh-PerformanceHealth Care FacilitiesApproved by the ASHRAE Standards Committee on March 1, 2017; by the ASHRAE Board of Directors on March 10, 2017; bythe American Society for Healthcare Engineering on February 22

2、, 2017; and by the American National Standards Institute on April1, 2017.This Standard is under continuous maintenance by a Standing Standard Project Committee (SSPC) for which the StandardsCommittee has established a documented program for regular publication of addenda or revisions, including proc

3、edures fortimely, documented, consensus action on requests for change to any part of the Standard. The change submittal form,instructions, and deadlines may be obtained in electronic form from the ASHRAE website (www.ashrae.org) or in paperform from the Senior Manager of Standards. The latest editio

4、n of an ASHRAE Standard may be purchased from theASHRAE website (www.ashrae.org) or from ASHRAE Customer Service, 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-2305.E-mail: ordersashrae.org. Fax: 678-539-2129. Telephone: 404-636-8400 (worldwide), or toll free 1-800-527-4723 (fororders in US and Canada).

5、 For reprint permission, go to www.ashrae.org/permissions. 2017 ASHRAE ISSN 1041-2336SPECIAL NOTEThis American National Standard (ANS) is a national voluntary consensus Standard developed under the auspices of ASHRAE. Consensus is defined by theAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), of which

6、ASHRAE is a member and which has approved this Standard as an ANS, as “substantial agreementreached by directly and materially affected interest categories. This signifies the concurrence of more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity.Consensus requires that all views and objections b

7、e considered, and that an effort be made toward their resolution.” Compliance with this Standard isvoluntary until and unless a legal jurisdiction makes compliance mandatory through legislation. ASHRAE obtains consensus through participation of its national and international members, associated soci

8、eties, and public review.ASHRAE Standards are prepared by a Project Committee appointed specifically for the purpose of writing the Standard. The Project CommitteeChair and Vice-Chair must be members of ASHRAE; while other committee members may or may not be ASHRAE members, all must be technicallyqu

9、alified in the subject area of the Standard. Every effort is made to balance the concerned interests on all Project Committees. The Senior Manager of Standards of ASHRAE should be contacted fora. interpretation of the contents of this Standard,b. participation in the next review of the Standard,c. o

10、ffering constructive criticism for improving the Standard, ord. permission to reprint portions of the Standard.DISCLAIMERASHRAE uses its best efforts to promulgate Standards and Guidelines for the benefit of the public in light of available information and accepted industrypractices. However, ASHRAE

11、 does not guarantee, certify, or assure the safety or performance of any products, components, or systems tested, installed,or operated in accordance with ASHRAEs Standards or Guidelines or that any tests conducted under its Standards or Guidelines will be nonhazardous orfree from risk.ASHRAE INDUST

12、RIAL ADVERTISING POLICY ON STANDARDSASHRAE Standards and Guidelines are established to assist industry and the public by offering a uniform method of testing for rating purposes, by suggestingsafe practices in designing and installing equipment, by providing proper definitions of this equipment, and

13、 by providing other information that may serveto guide the industry. The creation of ASHRAE Standards and Guidelines is determined by the need for them, and conformance to them is completelyvoluntary.In referring to this Standard or Guideline and in marking of equipment and in advertising, no claim

14、shall be made, either stated or implied, that theproduct has been approved by ASHRAE.ASHRAE Standard Project Committee 189.3Cognizant TC: 9.6, Healthcare FacilitiesSupporting TC: 2.8, Building Environmental Impacts and SustainabilitySPLS Liaison: Walter T. GrondzikASHRAE Staff Liaison: Mark WeberASH

15、E Liaisons: Chad E. Beebe and Dale WoodinConsultant: Richard D. HermansMichael P. Sheerin, Chair* David Hale* Steven O. GuttmannWalter N. Vernon, Vice-Chair* Josh Jacobs* Carl N. LawsonFrancis J. Babineau, Jr.* Michael R. Keen* Stephany I. MasonCharles H. Beach* Michael D. Lane* Richard D. Moeller*E

16、dward S. Chessor* Timothy M. Earhart R. Gregg MoonDavid R. Conover Douglas D. Fick Jane Rohde*Douglass S. Erickson Nicholas R. Ganick Chris P. RousseauKimball E. Ferguson* Paula P. Gillette Anand K. SethJonathan J. Flannery* Melvin G. Glass Robert J. VanRees* Denotes members of voting status when th

17、e document was approved for publicationThe committee also recognizes and remembers the contributions of Judene Bartley. Her knowledge of her craft and her willingness to listen to and share and work with the ASHRAE committees with a focus on healthcare made us a better organization. We thank her and

18、 miss her.ASHRAE STANDARDS COMMITTEE 20162017Rita M. Harrold, Chair Michael W. Gallagher Cyrus H. NasseriSteven J. Emmerich, Vice-Chair Walter T. Grondzik David RobinJames D. Aswegan Vinod P. Gupta Peter SimmondsNiels Bidstrup Susanna S. Hanson Dennis A. StankeDonald M. Brundage Roger L. Hedrick Way

19、ne H. Stoppelmoor, Jr.Drury B. Crawley Rick M. Heiden Jack H. ZarourJohn F. Dunlap, Srinivas Katipamula William F. Walter, BOD ExOJames W. Earley, Jr. Cesar L. Lim Patricia Graef, COKeith I. Emerson Arsen K. MelikovJulie M. Ferguson R. Lee Millies, Jr.Stephanie C. Reiniche, Senior Manager of Standar

20、dsCONTENTSANSI/ASHRAE/ASHE Standard 189.3-2017Design, Construction, and Operation ofSustainable High-Performance Health Care FacilitiesSECTION PAGEForeword .21 Purpose.22 Scope23 Definitions, Abbreviations, and Acronyms.24 Administration and Enforcement.35 Site Sustainability46 Water Use Efficiency.

21、47 Energy Efficiency 58 Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) 69 The Buildings Impact on Materials and Resources810 Construction and Plans for Operation .811 Emissions, Effluent, and Pollution Control 912 Normative References.12Informative Appendix I: Informative References .18Informative Appendix J: M

22、aterials and Resources19Informative Appendix K: Emissions, Effluents, and Pollution Control .20NOTEApproved addenda, errata, or interpretations for this standard can be downloaded free of charge from the ASHRAEwebsite at www.ashrae.org/technology. 2017 ASHRAE1791 Tullie Circle NE Atlanta, GA 30329 w

23、ww.ashrae.org All rights reserved.ASHRAE is a registered trademark of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.ANSI is a registered trademark of the American National Standards Institute.2 ANSI/ASHRAE/ASHE Standard 189.3-2017(This foreword is not part of thi

24、s standard. It is merelyinformative and does not contain requirements necessaryfor conformance to the standard. It has not been pro-cessed according to the ANSI requirements for a standardand may contain material that has not been subject topublic review or a consensus process. Unresolved objec-tors

25、 on informative material are not offered the right toappeal at ASHRAE or ANSI.)FOREWORDASHRAE/ASHE Standard 170 addresses the specific ventila-tion requirements of a health care facility separately from thegeneral ventilation requirements of ASHRAE Standard 62.1. Similarly, ASHRAE/ASHE Standard 189.

26、3 was developedparallel to yet separately from ASHRAE/USGBC/IES Stan-dard 189.1 to address the sustainability of health care facili-ties. Standard 189.1 provided a solid foundation and a clearpath for the development of Standard 189.3 and, as such, isemployed here as an essential, primary reference.

27、 The development of Standard 189.3 presented uniquechallenges to the accurate reference of its primary sources.Standard 90.1 forms the basis for Standard 189.1, which inturn serves as the basis for Standard 189.3. Because thesestandards are revised on separate continuous maintenanceschedules, the co

28、mmittee debated over which criteria werenecessary to include in this document. We acknowledge thatthe source publications that form the basis for compliancehave, in some cases, moved forward without us. In order tojoin the process of continuous improvement, we have to estab-lish a point at which to

29、begin. The objective of the committeeis to align development of this standard with the developmentof Standards 90.1 and 189.1, and thus to benefit from thoseefforts, while providing the alternative perspective of this sub-set of the building sector.Health care facilities have a substantial interest

30、in sus-tainable development. These facilities are often the largestand most energy intensive buildings in a community, and theirleadership recognizes that opportunities to conserve energyand reduce operating costs are matters of sound environmen-tal and fiscal stewardship. In a competitive and regul

31、atedmarket, however, there are limitations on the ability of healthcare facilities to provide the necessary capital for the increas-ingly complex new facilities needed to meet sustainabilityobjectives, particularly as these facilities experience erodingfinancial compensation for their life-sustainin

32、g services.Likewise, sustainability requirements often diverge from facil-ity functions that may require energy consumption for thesake of patient and worker safety. The intent of this standardis to bridge the goal of sustainability offered in Standard189.1 with the practical realities expressed by

33、our partners inthe health care community.1. PURPOSEThe purpose of this standard is to prescribe the procedures,methods, and documentation requirements for the design,construction, and operation of high-performance, sustainablehealth care facilities. 2. SCOPE2.1 This standard applies to patient care

34、areas and relatedsupport areas within health care facilities, including hospitals,nursing facilities, outpatient facilities, and their site. 2.2 This standard applies to new buildings, additions to exist-ing buildings, and those alterations to existing buildings thatare identified within the standar

35、d. 2.3 This standard provides procedures for the integration ofsustainable principles into the health care facility design, con-struction, and operation process, includinga. integrated design,b. conservation of water,c. conservation of energy,d. indoor environmental quality (IEQ),e. construction pra

36、ctices,f. commissioning, andg. operations and maintenance.3. DEFINITIONS, ABBREVIATIONS, ANDACRONYMS3.1 General. Certain terms, abbreviations, and acronyms aredefined in this section for the purposes of this standard. Thesedefinitions are applicable to all sections of the standard.Terms that are not

37、 defined herein but that are defined instandards that are referenced herein shall have the meaningsas defined in those standards.Other terms that are not defined shall have their ordi-narily accepted meanings within the context in which they areused. Ordinarily accepted meanings shall be based on Am

38、eri-can Standard English language usage as documented in anunabridged dictionary accepted by the authority having juris-diction (AHJ).3.2 Definitionshand-washing station: an area that provides a sink with hot-and cold-water supply and a faucet that facilitates easy on/off/mixing capabilities. The st

39、ation also provides cleansingagents and means for drying hands. patient: a person receiving medical, surgical, or psychiatriccare in an inpatient or outpatient facility. public areas: designated spaces freely accessible to the pub-lic. These include parking areas, secured entrances and areas,entranc

40、e lobbies, reception and waiting areas, public toilets,snack bars, cafeterias, vending areas, gift shops and otherretail locations, health education libraries and meeting rooms,chapels, and gardens. resident: a person living and receiving chronic or subacutecare in an assisted living facility, skill

41、ed nursing facility, nurs-ing home, hospice, or rehabilitation facility.residential health care facility: a facility, building, or portionof a building that provides housing and services for a residentor group of residents.room: a space enclosed by hard walls and having a door.ANSI/ASHRAE/ASHE Stand

42、ard 189.3-2017 3salvaged material: material, component, or assembly removedin a whole form from a structure or site in which it was perma-nently installed and subsequently reused in the building project.subacute care: a category of care requiring less intensity ofcare/resources than acute care. It f

43、alls within a continuum ofcare determined by patient acuity, clinical stability, and resourceneeds.3.3 Abbreviations and AcronymsAHJ authority having jurisdictionASHE American Society for Healthcare EngineeringEPA U.S. Environmental Protection AgencyERC emission reduction creditsEtO ethylene oxideFG

44、I Facility Guidelines InstituteGGHC Green Guide for Health CareHLD high-level disinfectant HIPPA Health Insurance Portability andAccountability Act of 1996HW hazardous wasteNIOSH National Institute for Occupational Safety and HealthOSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration PEL permissible e

45、xposure limitPOTW publicly owned treatment works RCRA EPA Resource Conservation and Recovery ActRMW regulated medical wasteSPCC spill prevention control countermeasures regulationsTLV threshold limit value4. ADMINISTRATION AND ENFORCEMENT4.1 General. Building projects shall comply with Sections 5thr

46、ough 11 of ASHRAE/USGBC/IES Standard 189.1 as mod-ified in this standard through deletions of, exceptions to, orrevisions to the provisions in Standard 189.1 and/or the inclu-sion in this standard of provisions not included in Standard189.1. The addenda to Standard 189.1 referenced in Section12 shal

47、l be applicable.Informative Note: Sections in this document are num-bered corresponding to their Standard 189.1 counterparts.Where no section or subsection is present, the provisions ofStandard 189.1 apply.4.2 Application to Buildings4.2.1 New Buildings. New buildings shall comply with theprovisions

48、 of Sections 5 through 12 as applicable. 4.2.2 Additions to Existing Buildings. Additions to exist-ing buildings shall comply with the provisions of Sections 5through 11 as applicable.4.2.3 Alterations of Existing Buildings. Alterations ofexisting buildings shall comply with the provisions of Sec-ti

49、ons 5 through 11 as applicable to the scope of work associ-ated with the alteration. Nothing in this standard shall requirethat any portion of an existing building not associated withthe alteration be brought into compliance with this standard.Nothing in this standard shall require compliance with a pro-vision of this standard if such compliance will result in theincrease of energy or water consumption of the building orproduction of increased emissions or effluent of waste.Exception to 4.2.3: Any building or portion thereof thathas been specifically designated as historica