ASHRAE 90 1-2013 SI-2013 Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings (Includes ANSI ASHRAE IES Addenda listed in Appendix F).pdf

1、ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-2013(Supersedes ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-2010)Includes ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Addenda listed in Appendix FEnergy Standardfor BuildingsExcept Low-RiseResidential Buildings(SI Edition)See Appendix F for approval dates by the ASHRAE Standards Committee, the ASHRAE Board of D

2、irectors, the IES Board ofDirectors, and the American National Standards Institute.This standard is under continuous maintenance by a Standing Standard Project Committee (SSPC) for which the Standards Com-mittee has established a documented program for regular publication of addenda or revisions, in

3、cluding procedures for timely,documented, consensus action on requests for change to any part of the standard. The change submittal form, instructions, anddeadlines may be obtained in electronic form from the ASHRAE Web site (www.ashrae.org) or in paper form from the Managerof Standards. The latest

4、edition of an ASHRAE Standard may be purchased from the ASHRAE Web site (www.ashrae.org) or fromASHRAE Customer Service, 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-2305. E-mail: ordersashrae.org. Fax: 404-321-5478.Telephone: 404-636-8400 (worldwide), or toll free 1-800-527-4723 (for orders in US and

5、Canada). For reprint permission, go towww.ashrae.org/permissions. 2013 ASHRAE ISSN 1041-2336ASHRAE Standing Standard Project Committee 90.1Cognizant TC: TC 7.6., Systems Energy UtilizationSPLS Liaison: Mark ModeraASHRAE Staff Liaison: Steven C. FergusonIESNA Liaison: Rita M. HarroldStephen V. Skalko

6、*, Chair Timothy M. Peglow* Ernest A. ConradDrake H. Erbe*, Vice-Chair Eric E. Richman* James A. GarrigusMichael D. Lane*, Vice-Chair Leonard C. Sciarra* David HerronSusan I. Anderson* Wayne Stoppelmoor* Ronald D. KurtzPeter A. Baselici* Maria Spinu* Ronald MajetteJeffrey G. Boldt* Christian R. Tabe

7、r* Merle F. McBrideDonald M. Brundage* Steven Taylor* Marty SalzbergThomas Culp* Michael Tillou* Don SurrenaJason J. Glazer* Martha G. VanGeem Wagdy A.Y. AnisDavid Grassl* McHenry Wallace, Jr* David J. BransonPekka Hakkarainen* Richard D. Watson* Randall BlanchetteSusanna Hanson* Jerry W. White, Jr*

8、 Darryl DeAngelesRichard Heinisch* Ron Burton* Michael M. ErbesfeldNed B. Heminger* Charles C. Cottrell* Brian D. HahnlenJohn F. Hogan* S Craig Drumheller* Ron GormanJonathan Humble* Allan B. Fraser* David HandworkHy M. Kaplan* Chad Groshart * Scott HintzRichard Lord* Steven Rosenstock* Bjorn LondoI

9、tzhak H. Maor* Frank A. Stanonik* Michael I. RosenbergJames P. McClendon* Jeremy Williams* Robert RossRaymond F. McGowan* Steven Winkel* Terry SmithMichael W. Mehl* Karim Amrane William J. TalbertHarry P. Misuriello* James Benney Michael WaiteFrank T. Morrison* Kym Carey Dan Walker* Denotes voting m

10、ember at time of publication ASHRAE (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.ASHRAE STANDARDS COMMITTEE 20122013Kenneth W. Cooper, Chair Adam W. HingeWilli

11、am F. Walter, Vice-Chair Debra H. KennoyDouglass S. Abramson Jay A. KohlerKarim Amrane Rick A. LarsonCharles S. Barnaby Mark P. ModeraHoy R. Bohanon, Jr. Janice C. PetersonSteven F. Bruning Heather L. PlattDavid R. Conover Ira G. PostonSteven J. Emmerich Douglas T. ReindlJulie M. Ferguson James R. T

12、aubyKrishnan Gowri James K. VallortCecily M. Grzywacz Craig P. WrayRichard L. Hall Charles H. Culp, III, BOD ExORita M. Harrold Constantinos A. Balaras, COStephanie C. Reiniche, Manager of StandardsSPECIAL NOTEThis American National Standard (ANS) is a national voluntary consensus standard developed

13、 under the auspices of ASHRAE.Consensus is defined by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), of which ASHRAE is a member and which has approved thisstandard as an ANS, as “substantial agreement reached by directly and materially affected interest categories. This signifies the concurrence

14、of more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that aneffort be made toward their resolution.” Compliance with this standard is voluntary until and unless a legal jurisdiction makes compliancemandatory through legisl

15、ation.ASHRAE obtains consensus through participation of its national and international members, associated societies, and public review.ASHRAE Standards are prepared by a Project Committee appointed specifically for the purpose of writing the Standard. The ProjectCommittee Chair and Vice-Chair must

16、be members of ASHRAE; while other committee members may or may not be ASHRAE members, allmust be technically qualified in the subject area of the Standard. Every effort is made to balance the concerned interests on all ProjectCommittees.The Manager of Standards of ASHRAE should be contacted for:a. i

17、nterpretation of the contents of this Standard,b. participation in the next review of the Standard,c. offering constructive criticism for improving the Standard, ord. permission to reprint portions of the Standard.DISCLAIMERASHRAE uses its best efforts to promulgate Standards and Guidelines for the

18、benefit of the public in light of available information andaccepted industry practices. However, ASHRAE does not guarantee, certify, or assure the safety or performance of any products, components,or systems tested, installed, or operated in accordance with ASHRAEs Standards or Guidelines or that an

19、y tests conducted under itsStandards or Guidelines will be nonhazardous or free from risk.ASHRAE INDUSTRIAL ADVERTISING POLICY ON STANDARDSASHRAE Standards and Guidelines are established to assist industry and the public by offering a uniform method of testing for ratingpurposes,bysuggestingsafeprac

20、ticesindesigningandinstallingequipment,byprovidingproperdefinitionsofthisequipment,andbyprovidingother information that may serve to guide the industry.The creation of ASHRAE Standards and Guidelines is determined by the need for them,and conformance to them is completely voluntary.In referring to t

21、his Standard or Guideline and in marking of equipment and in advertising, no claim shall be made, either stated or implied,that the product has been approved by ASHRAE. ASHRAE (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital f

22、orm is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission. ASHRAE (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.CONTENTSANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-2013,E

23、nergy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings (SI Edition)SECTION PAGEForeword.21 Purpose 22 Scope33 Definitions, Abbreviations, and Acronyms 34 Administration and Enforcement.225 Building Envelope.246 Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning.417 Service Water Heating828 Power

24、859 Lighting.8710 Other Equipment.10411 Energy Cost Budget Method.11012 Normative References120Normative Appendix ARated R-Value of Insulation and Assembly U-Factor, C-Factor, andF-Factor Determinations.124Normative Appendix BBuilding Envelope Climate Criteria163Normative Appendix CMethodology for B

25、uilding Envelope Trade-Off Option in Section 5.6185Normative Appendix DClimatic Data.189Informative Appendix EInformative References241Informative Appendix FAddenda Description Information.243Informative Appendix GPerformance Rating Method254NOTEApprovedaddenda,errata,orinterpretationsforthisstandar

26、dcanbedownloadedfreeofchargefromtheASHRAEWeb site at www.ashrae.org/technology. 2013 ASHRAE1791 Tullie Circle NE Atlanta, GA 30329 www.ashrae.org All rights reserved.ASHRAE is a registered trademark of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.ANSI is a regis

27、tered trademark of the American National Standards Institute. ASHRAE (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.2 ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-2013 (SI Edit

28、ion)(This foreword is not part of this standard. It is merelyinformative and does not contain requirements necessaryfor conformance to the standard. It has not been pro-cessed according to the ANSI requirements for a standardand may contain material that has not been subject topublic review or a con

29、sensus process. Unresolved objec-tors on informative material are not offered the right toappeal at ASHRAE or ANSI.)FOREWORDThe original Standard 90.1 was published in 1975, andrevised editions were published in 1980, 1989, and 1999using the ANSI and ASHRAE periodic maintenance proce-dures. Based up

30、on these procedures, the entire standard waspublicly reviewed and published in its entirety each time. Asenergy prices and technology began changing more rapidly,the ASHRAE Board of Directors voted in 1999 to place thestandard on continuous maintenance, permitting the standardto be updated several t

31、imes each year through the publicationof approved addenda to the standard. As of the 2001 edition,the standard is now published in its entirety in the fall of everythird year. This schedule allows the standard to be submittedand proposed by the deadline for inclusion or reference inmodel building an

32、d energy codes. All approved addenda anderrata are included in the new edition issued every threeyears. This procedure allows users to have some certainty ofthe timing of publication of new editions.The 2013 edition of the standard includes numerousenergy-saving measures resulting from continuous ma

33、inte-nance proposals from the public and from volunteers on thecommittee. The Project Committee welcomes suggestions forimprovement, and users are encouraged to use the continuousmaintenance proposal (CMP) form included in the back ofthis standard to submit recommended changes. The committeetakes fo

34、rmal action on every CMP received.More than 110 addenda were processed by the committeeand approved by the ASHRAE and IES Boards of Directorsand are included in this edition. This edition also corrects allknown typographical errors in the 2010 standard. Appendix Fgives brief descriptions and publica

35、tion dates of the addendato Standard 90.1-2010 that are incorporated into this newedition.The most significant changes included are as follows:a. Building Envelope. Opaque elements and fenestrationrequirements have been revised to increase stringencywhile maintaining a reasonable level of cost-effec

36、tiveness.Opaque and fenestration assemblies in Tables 5.5-1through 5.5-8 are revised in most climates. These changesinclude1. criteria requiring double-glazed fenestration inmany climates;2. minimum VT/SHGC ratio to enable good daylightingwith minimum solar gain, while not restricting tripleand quad

37、ruple glazing; and3. simplification of the skylighting criteria.b. Lighting. These changes include improvements to day-lighting and daylighting controls, space-by-space light-ing power density limits, thresholds for toplighting, andrevised controls requirements and format.c. Mechanical. Equipment ef

38、ficiencies were revised upwardfor heat pumps, packaged terminal air conditioners(PTAC), single-package vertical heat pumps and air con-ditioners (SPVHP and SPVAC), and evaporative condens-ers. Also, fan efficiency requirements were introduced forthe first time. Additional provisions that have beenin

39、cluded address commercial refrigeration equipment,improved controls on heat rejection and boiler equipment,requirements for expanded use of energy recovery, smallmotor efficiencies, and fan power control and credits.Control revision requirements were added to the standard,such as DDC controls in man

40、y applications. Finally, the2013 edition completes the work that was begun on equip-ment efficiencies for chillers in the 2010 edition.d. Energy Cost Budget (ECB) and Modeling. Improvementswere made to the ECB and Appendix G provisions in thestandard to clarify the use of the prescriptive provisions

41、when performing building-energy-use modeling. In addi-tion, these sections were revised to enhance capturingdaylighting when performing the modeling calculations.Another important change for the 2013 edition is thefirst alternate compliance path in Section 6. Section 6.6 wasadded to the 2010 edition

42、 to provide a location for alternatemethods of compliance with the standard. The first suchalternate path has been developed for computer room sys-tems and was formulated with the assistance of the data cen-ter technical committee (TC9.9). This path uses the PUE(Power Usage Effectiveness) metric tha

43、t was established bythat industry. This alternate efficiency path format provides aframework that could be considered for other energy-usingfacets of buildings not easily covered in the prescriptive pro-visions of the standard. Also new to the standard are require-ments for operating escalators and

44、moving walkways atminimum speed, per ASME A17.1, when not conveying pas-sengers.Standard 90.1 is a fluid document. As technology evolves,the project committee is continually considering new changesand proposing addenda for public review. When addenda areapproved, notices will be published on the ASH

45、RAE and IESwebsites. Users are encouraged to sign up for the freeASHRAE and IES Internet listserv for this standard to receivenotice of all public reviews and approved and publishedaddenda and errata.The Chair and Vice-Chairs extend grateful thanks to thecommittee volunteers, public review commenter

46、s, and allinvolved throughout the open, consensus-building process.1. PURPOSETo establish the minimum energy efficiency requirementsof buildings other than low-rise residential buildings fora. design, construction, and a plan for operation and main-tenance; andb. utilization of on-site, renewable en

47、ergy resources. ASHRAE (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.ANSI/ASHRAE/IES Standard 90.1-2013 (SI Edition) 32. SCOPE2.1 This standard providesa. minim

48、um energy-efficient requirements for the designand construction, and a plan for operation and mainte-nance of1. new buildings and their systems,2. new portions of buildings and their systems,3. new systems and equipment in existing buildings, and4. new equipment or building systems specifically iden

49、-tified in the standard that are part of industrial or man-ufacturing processesandb. criteria for determining compliance with these require-ments.2.2 The provisions of this standard do not apply toa. single-family houses, multifamily structures of three sto-ries or fewer above grade, manufactured houses (mobilehomes), and manufactured houses (modular) orb. buildings that use neither electricity nor fossil fuel.2.3 Where specifically noted in this standard, certain otherbuildings or elements of buildings shall be exempt.2.4 This standard shall not be used to