ASHRAE GUIDELINE 5-1994 Guideline to Commissioning Smoke Management Systems《烟气管理系统试运转准则》.pdf

1、ASHRAEASHRAEGUIDELINEGUIDELINEAMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEATING,REFRIGERATING ANDAIR-CONDITIONING ENGINEERS, INC.1791 Tullie Circle, NEAtlanta, GA 30329 ASHRAE Guideline 5-1994 (RA 2001)CommissioningSmoke ManagementSystemsApproved by the ASHRAE Standards Committee January22, 1994, and reaffirmed January 2

2、7, 2001; and approvedby the ASHRAE Board of Directors January 27, 1994, andreaffirmed February 2, 2001.ASHRAE Guidelines are updated on a five-year cycle; thedate following the Guideline is the year of approval. Thelatest edition of an ASHRAE Guideline may be purchasedfrom ASHRAE Customer Service, 1

3、791 Tullie Circle, NE,Atlanta, GA 30329-2305. E-mail: ordersashrae.org. Fax:404-321-5478. Telephone: 404-636-8400 (worldwide) or tollfree 1-800-527-4723 (for orders in U.S. and Canada).Copyright 2001 American Society of Heating,Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.ISSN 1049-894XSPECIAL

4、NOTEThis Guideline was developed under the auspices of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-ConditioningEngineers (ASHRAE). ASHRAE Guidelines are developed under a review process, identifying a guideline for the design, testing, appli-cation, or evaluation of a specific product, co

5、ncept, or practice. As a guideline it is not definitive but encompasses areas where theremay be a variety of approaches, none of which must be precisely correct. ASHRAE Guidelines are written to assist professionals in thearea of concern and expertise of ASHRAEs Technical Committees and Task Groups.

6、ASHRAE Guidelines are prepared by project committees appointed specifically for the purpose of writing Guidelines. Theproject committee chair and vice-chair must be members of the ASHRAE; while other members of the project committee may or maynot be ASHRAE members, all must be technically qualified

7、in the subject area of the Guideline.Development of ASHRAE Guidelines follows procedures similar to those for ASHRAE Standards except that (a) committeebalance is desired but not required, (b) an effort is made to achieve consensus but consensus is not required, (c) guidelines are notappealable, and

8、 (d) guidelines are not submitted to ANSI for approval.The Manager of Standards of ASHRAE should be contacted fora. interpretation of the contents of this Guideline,b. participation in the next review of the Guideline,c. offering constructive criticism for improving the Guideline,d. permission to re

9、print portions of the Guideline.ASHRAE INDUSTRIAL ADVERTISING POLICY ON STANDARDSASHRAE Standards and Guidelines are established to assist industry and the public by offering a uniform methodof testing for rating purposes, by suggesting safe practices in designing and installing equipment, by provid

10、ing properdefinitions of this equipment, and by providing other information that may serve to guide the industry. The creationof ASHRAE Standards and Guidelines is determined by the need for them, and conformance to them is completelyvoluntary.In referring to this Standard or Guideline and in markin

11、g of equipment and in advertising, no claim shall bemade, either stated or implied, that the product has been approved by ASHRAE.DISCLAIMERASHRAE uses its best efforts to promulgate Standards and Guidelines for the benefit of the public in light of availableinformation and accepted industry practice

12、s. However, ASHRAE does not guarantee, certify, or assure the safety orperformance of any products, components, or systems tested, installed, or operated in accordance with ASHRAEs Standardsor Guidelines or that any tests conducted under its Standards or Guidelines will be nonhazardous or free from

13、risk.ASHRAE STANDARDS COMMITTEE 2000-2001Martha J. Hewett, ChairNance C Lovvorn, Vice ChairDean S. BorgesVan D. BaxterWaller S. ClementsPiotr A. DomanskiRichard A. EvansJohn F. HoganRonald E. JarnaginDavid E. KnebelFrederick H. KohlossWilliam J. LandmanNeil P. LeslieRodney H. LewisRoss D. Montgomery

14、Davor NovoselJoseph A. PietschJames A. RanfoneSteven T. TaylorJames K. VallortThomas E. WatsonBruce A. WilcoxJ. Richard WrightGerald C. Groff, BOD Ex-OfficioWilliam J. Buck, Coordinating OfficerClaire B. Ramspeck, Manager of StandardsASHRAE GUIDELINE PROJECT COMMITTEE 5Cognizant TC: TC 5.6 Control o

15、f Fire and SmokeWilliam A. Webb, Chair Francis J. McCabeGaylon Richardson, Vice Chair Gregory R. MillerLouis J. Bentsen Johnathan M. RubesDon C. Bailey John F. ScarffJohn A. Clark William A. SchmidtGregory F. Deluga J. Brooks SempleMichael E. Dillon George T. TamuraJohn H. KloteCONTENTSASHRAE Guidel

16、ine 5-1994 (RA 2001)Commissioning Smoke Management SystemsSECTION PAGE1 Purpose 22 Scope . 23 Recommissioning . 24 Definitions. 25 Pre-Design Phase 36 Design Phase . 37 Construction Phase 58 Acceptance Procedures . 69 Post-Acceptance Phase . 710 References . 8Appendix A: System Information Required

17、8Appendix B: Smoke Management System (SMS) Commissioning Process Phases . 9Appendix C: Sample Report Forms 102 ASHRAE GUIDELINE 5-1994 (RA 2001)1. PURPOSEThe purpose of this guideline is to provide methods for veri-fying and documenting that the performance of smokemanagement systems conforms with d

18、esign intent.2. SCOPE2.1 This guideline covers all types of smoke managementsystems and the(a) documentation of occupancy and use requirementsand system design assumptions;(b) documentation of design intent, system description,and operation;(c) functional performance testing and documentationnecessa

19、ry for evaluating system acceptance; and(d) integration testing with other building systems thataffect the performance of the smoke management sys-tem, such as fire detection and alarm, HVAC, controls,power supplies, and separations.2.2 Methods of commissioning HVAC and other buildingsystems are not

20、 covered in this guideline except as provided in2.1(d). Methods for commissioning of HVAC systems aregiven in ASHRAE Guideline 1-1989.13. RECOMMISSIONINGSpace use and occupancy will change, and, as smoke manage-ment systems age, their performance may deteriorate. There-fore, throughout the useful li

21、fe of the building, there will be aneed to recommission these systems periodically.4. DEFINITIONS4.1 Definition of terms used in this guideline may be foundin ASHRAE Terminology of Heating, Ventilation, Air-Condi-tioning, and Refrigeration.24.2 Additional terms used in this guideline not found in th

22、eASHRAE Terminology are defined in this section.acceptable performance: a component or system able to meetspecified design parameters under actual load.authority having jurisdiction: the organization, office, orindividual responsible for “approving” equipment, an instal-lation, or a missioning autho

23、rity: the qualified person, company, oragency that will plan and carry out the overall commissioningprocess. There are many options as to which party to thecommissioning process will be the “authority.” The designprofessional, contractor, independent commissioning agency,or owner may be the commissi

24、oning missioning plan: the overall document that outlines theorganization, scheduling, allocation of resources, documen-tation, etc., pertaining to the overall commissioning process.design professional: the architect, architect-engineer, or engi-neer responsible for the design and preparation of con

25、tractdocuments for the smoke management systems.event matrix: a matrix of zone inputs and outputs thatdescribes the totality of control events or sequences requiredfor each piece of equipment or control device in response toinputs from each zone in a smoke management system.functional performance te

26、sting: that full range of checks andtests carried out to determine if all components, subsystems,systems, and interfaces between systems function in accor-dance with the contract documents. In this context, “function”includes all modes and sequences of control operation, allinterlocks and conditiona

27、l control responses, and all specifiedresponses to emergency conditions.fire fighters smoke control station: fire fighters smokecontrol station (FSCS) includes monitoring and overridingcapability over smoke control systems and equipmentprovided at designated location(s) within the building for theus

28、e of the fire department.pressurized stair shafts: a type of smoke control system inwhich stair shafts are mechanically pressurized with outdoorair to keep smoke from contaminating them during a fire inci-dent.project program: the written description of the commissionplan.smoke: the airborne solid a

29、nd liquid particulates and gasesevolved when a material undergoes pyrolysis or combustion,together with the quantity of air that is entrained or otherwisemixed into the mass.smoke barrier: construction, either vertical or horizontal,such as a wall, floor, or ceiling assembly, that is designed andcon

30、structed to restrict the movement of smoke. A smokebarrier may or may not have a fire resistance rating. Smokebarriers may have openings protected by closing devices oradequate airflows.smoke control mode: a predefined operational configurationof a system or device for the purpose of smoke control.s

31、moke control system: an engineered system that usesmechanical fans to produce airflows and pressure differencesacross barriers to limit smoke movement.smoke control zone: a space within a building enclosed bysmoke barriers, including the top and bottom, that is a part ofa zoned smoke control system.

32、smoke damper: an approved opening protection devicedesigned to resist the passage of air or smoke that meets therequirements of UL Standard 555S-1983, Leakage RatedDampers for Use in Smoke Control Systems,3designed toresist the passage of air or smoke. A combination fire andsmoke damper should also

33、meet the requirements of UL Stan-dard 555-1990, Fire Dampers.4smoke exhaust system: a mechanical or gravity systemintended to move smoke from the smoke zone to the exteriorASHRAE GUIDELINE 5-1994 (RA 2001) 3of the building, including smoke removal, purging, and vent-ing systems, as well as the funct

34、ion of exhaust fans used toreduce the pressure in a smoke zone.smoke management system: an engineered system thatincludes all methods that can be used singly or in combinationto modify smoke movement.smoke zone: the smoke control zone in which the fire islocated.stack effect: the vertical airflow wi

35、thin buildings caused bytemperature differences between the building interior andexterior.tenable environment: an environment in which the charac-teristics, quantity, and location of smoke are limited or other-wise restricted to allow for ready evacuation through thespace. Maintenance of a tenable e

36、nvironment in the smokezone is not within the capability of zoned smoke control.zoned smoke control: a smoke control system that includessmoke exhaust for the smoke zone and pressurization for allcontiguous smoke control zones. The remaining smokecontrol zones in the building also may be pressurized

37、.5. PRE-DESIGN PHASEThe smoke management system commissioning processbegins with the pre-design phase.5.1 Objectives. The objectives are:(a) To set parameters, responsibilities, and documentationfor all phases of commissioning smoke managementsystems; ensure that project team members are madeaware o

38、f these requirements; and set a framework forcommissioning during all phases. Each local coderequires specific types of systems and testing. Alllocal code requirements should be reviewed at thisstage to assure compliance.(b) To document basic data from which to develop thedesign and benchmark inform

39、ation with which toevaluate final performance, including occupancyrequirements, design assumptions, building construc-tion, building zoning, and building utilization.5.2 Planning Procedure. This section describes activitiesand provides instructions about what should be written in thecommissioning br

40、ief forming a section of the project pro-gram.5.2.1 Review of the Project Program. The commission-ing authority should only require the designer to provide aproject program, not evaluate or judge the existing one.5.2.1.1 The project program should be fully docu-mented by the system designer. This do

41、cumentation should bea complete systems description of design values, eventmatrix, and commissioning sequence. While it may not assignspecific contractual duties to the variety of subparties, itshould be comprehensive in its description of requirements.See Appendix A.5.2.1.2 Review the project progr

42、am to determine thatlife safety and property protection issues have beenaddressed.5.2.1.3 Review the documentation described in 5.2.2.5.2.2 Documentation5.2.2.1 Document the objectives and the relationship ofthe smoke management system to the overall fire protectionand life safety strategies.5.2.2.2

43、 Document the smoke management system andits subsystems.5.2.2.3 Document smoke management requirements foreach occupancy, area, zone, hazard, or similar circumstance.5.2.2.4 Identify all applicable code requirements andjurisdictions having authority.5.2.2.5 Identify pertinent standards and practices

44、 as theyrelate to smoke control.5.2.2.6 Identify tests required by code.5.2.2.7 Document roles and responsibilities of all par-ties during all phases of the smoke management systemcommissioning process.5.2.2.8 Prepare a written report defining design assump-tions and performance standards of the pro

45、posed smoke man-agement system, the most appropriate conceptual approach,and requirements of the system.6. DESIGN PHASE6.1 Introduction. The objective of this section is to outlinethe scope of design requirements for a smoke managementsystem constructed with a comprehensive commissioningprocess to c

46、omply with the requirements of the project pro-gram.6.2 Scope of the Design Phase. The design documentsshould include detailed requirements for smoke managementsystem commissioning and the integration with other buildingsystems that affect the performance of the smoke manage-ment system as follows:(

47、a) design criteria and assumptions;(b) description of the smoke management system andintended operation and performance including controlmatrix and control schematics with each piece ofequipment identified;(c) commissioning plan that includes1. commissioning team description,2. specific test procedu

48、res and acceptance criteriaproperly linked to specific testing methods thatappropriately relate to the systems design intent,3. time frame in the project when the tests will bescheduled, and4. how a certificate of occupancy will be obtainedand who will sign off on the certificate of occu-pancy;(d) d

49、ocumentation requirements based on1. how the testing can be accomplished and2. requirements of the local codes;(e) verification protocol for each test procedure of1. duct and damper installation conformance to stan-4 ASHRAE GUIDELINE 5-1994 (RA 2001)dards,2. duct pressure,3. wall construction,4. HVAC testing, adjusting, and balancing,5. control processes, and6. functional performance testing;(f) commissioning documentation consisting of a detailedlist establishing documentation required during eachphase of verification procedures; and(g) operational and perform