ASHRAE JOURN 39-11 ISM-1997 ASHRAE Journal《ASHRAE日报第39卷第11号 1997年11月》.pdf

1、COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesCOPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling Services(Circle No. 4 on Reader Service Card) COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Ref

2、rigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSTD-ASHRAE JOURN 39-11 ISM-ENGL 1977 0759650 1152994% 378 If you get a little dizzy cvcry tiinc you opcn your ccllular bill, Nextel offcrs a breath of frcsh air. Our bills coinc without all thc hidden charges common to other carrier

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6、Ail riehts resdned. Nextel. the Nextel loco. Nextel Direct Coiinect and ervice Card) . . COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesBETHESDA, Md.-The 400-plus workshops and presentations at Healthy Build- ingsfiAQ 97 illustrate the d

7、epth of information about indoor air quality. The next step for IAQ professionals is to turn the growing body of technical data into infor- mation that practitioners can use and the public can understand. That was the message from Richard D. Wilson, an administrator with the Office of Air and Radiat

8、ion at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). “With good, useful information,” he said, “the public will make indoor air quality a prior- ity and affect change.” Wilson was a speaker at the annual IAQ conference held Sept. 27-Oct. 2 at the National Institutes of Health. More than 400 health

9、 and building experts attended the event, sponsored this year by ASHRAE, the International Society of Indoor Air Quality (ISIAQ) and Virginia Tech. Wilson said a good example of how an informed public affects IAQ policy is the change in the publics attitude towards smoking inside buildings. Other ex

10、amples include the trend towards energy-efficient, low-polluting “green buildings;” the movement by manufacturers to position products as environment-friendly; and the number of new homes with radon-resistant construction and energy-efficient design. Whats critically needed now, he said, is a public

11、 that is knowledgeable about IAQ in schools. More than 50% of US. schools have IAQ problems, and the rate of asthma among children is alarmingly high. Modern HVAC systems and better maintenance are part of the answer, but these needs usually must compete with funding for instruction. The situation i

12、s exacerbated in some school systems by rules that require low bids for contract services such as maintenance. THIS MONTHS lead article on the Munich airport illustrates what can be achieved through a single intelligent building management system. Mark Ancevic describes the massive system that serve

13、s 160 buildings, and provides comfort and safety for the 12,000 employees and 15 million passengers who use the airport each year. The system has the capacity to serve 200,000 points. Its domain ranges from power plant, to runway lights, to the terminals people-moving equipment. The lineup also incl

14、udes an article by Lew Harriman III, Dean Plager, and Doug Kosar that proposes a “ventilation load index” to determine cooling loads created by outside air. The VLI is the total load generated by lcfm (.O5 L/s) of fresh air brought from the weather to space-neutral conditions over the course of a ye

15、ar. Also in this issue is an article by Oleg P. Kishkovich, Ph.D., and Michael A. Joffe, Ph.D., that compares two methods of collecting air samples, and 1997 ASHRAE Technology Award case studies by Harry John Boody and John K. Holton, P.E. THE DECEMBER issue will have more articles on Healthy Buildi

16、ngsfiAQ 97, and the comments from Carl Jordans Forum article on automobile IAQ. Let us know your suggestions and comments. Have a great month. November 1997 COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesCOPYRIGHT American Society of Hea

17、ting, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesCOPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSlD*ASHRAE JOURN 37-Ll ISM-ENGL L777 0757b50 il527948 87b Board Sets Timetable for NIDS Plan ATLANTA-ASHRAE has t

18、aken anoth- er step forward in its efforts to develop and maintain multidisciplinary stan- dards. It has formed a committee to act on recommendations adopted by its Board of Directors in July. Two of ASHRAEs most widely used multidis- ciplinary standards are ANSIIASHRAE Standard 62-1989: Ventilation

19、 for Ac- ceptable Indoor Air Quality and ANSI ASHRAEIIES Standard 90.1 : Energy Ef- ficient Design of New Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings. According to James E. Hill, Ph.D., a former ASHRAE president and head of the new committee, implementation plans will be developed in five areas:

20、 Developing multidisciplinary stan- dards in two versions, one for code use and one for “state-of-the-art” design. Preparing users manuals for multi- disciplinary standards. Using continuous maintenance. Providing for organizational repre- sentation on selected standards project committees. Funding

21、of expenses for members of standards project committees. “We will recommend detailed plans on how each of these recommendations should be implemented. In addition, our recommendations will include identifying which groups within ASHRAE should be responsible for implementation, a time frame to comple

22、te the work and an esti- mated fiscal impact of each step,” said Dr. Hill. The committee, known as the Multi- disciplinary Standards Implementation Committee, is ex- pected to complete its work and present a report to the Soci- etys Board of Di- rectors at ASHRAEs 1998 Winter Meeting in San Francisc

23、o, Hill said. In addition to Dr. Hill, the committees members includes: Lee W. Burgett, P.E., who serves on the Societys Board of Directors as a di- rector-at-large and who also served on the committee that formed the recom- mendations for developing multidisci- plinary standards. Donald G. Colher,

24、Ph.D., P.E., who is a Society vice president, chairs the Technology Council, and also served on the committee that formed the recommendations for developing multi- disciplinary standards. David R. Conover, who chairs Stand- ing Standards Project Committee (SSPC) 90.2, Energy Efficient Design for New

25、 Low-Rise Residential Buildings. David L. Gsumman, P.E., who chaired the committee that formed the recommendations for developing multi- disciplinary standards. Ronald E. Jarnagin, P.E., who chairs SSPC 90.1, Energy Standard for Build- ings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings. William E. Murphy, P

26、.E., who chairs the Societys Standards Committee. Raymond E. Patenaude, P.E., who serves on the Societys Board of Direc- tors as director and regional chairman of Region XII. Steven T. Taylor, P.E., who chairs SSPC 62.1P, Ventilation and Acceptable Indoor Air Quality in Commercial, Institu- tional a

27、nd High-Rise Residential Buildings Bruce Hunn, Ph.D., ASHRAE di- rector of technology. The purpose of implementing this plan is to reduce the complexity of these stan- dards and resolve conflicts much earlier in the development process, said Dr. Hill. ASHRAE, founded in 1894, is an in- ternational o

28、rganization of 50,000 per- sons. Its sole objective is to advance through research, standard writing and continuing education the arts and scienc- es of heating, ventilation, air condition- ing and refrigeration to meet the evolving needs of the public. B 8 ASH RAE Jou rna I November 1997 COPYRIGHT

29、American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesCOPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSTD-ASHRAE JOURN 37-11 ISM-ENG!. 1777 0757650 05299.50 444 u Board Changes, From Page 8 (2

30、) Why did the Board decide to make this move at this time? The standard was issued in 1989. In the intervening eight years, the committee working on revising the standard has had a monumental task of trying to come up with a revision that contains all the infor- mation gathered over eight years. Thi

31、s ap- peared to result in a document that contains an immense amount of very good technical information, but is so large that practitioners, such as consulting engi- neers and building officials, will find it difficult to use. By placing the existing standard on continuous maintenance, we can make c

32、hanges as small, as large or as often as we deem feasible to ensure that standard is acceptable and useful. Hope- 10 REPLACING YOUR IYIIIRLEY” we mae easy Replacing a Marley has become a simple matter, thanks to he “A Series of cooling tower fan drives from Amarillo Gear Company. These replacement u

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35、258 (Circle No. 9 on Reader Service Card) AS H RAE JO urn a I fully, it also will reduce the number of comments to any one change to an accept- able level. (3) Three parts of the multidisci- plinary standards plan have been adopted. Five other elements are being considered. How is this affecting wo

36、rk on 62.1P? At this time most of the work on 62.1P is on hold until we hear from the Multi- disciplinary Standards Implementation Committee (MDSI) which is developing a plan to implement the five items. Hopefully, the MDSI Committee report will be ready before or at the Winter Meeting. At that time

37、, the Board of Di- rectors will decide the next steps. The MDSI Committee reports to the board which must approve the findings of the committee. (4) What are the Societys goals re- garding multidisciplinary standards andZAQ? Im not sure if these issues should be linked. First, the board accepted the

38、 Mul- tidisciplinary Ad Hoc Committee report at the Boston meeting. After the report from the MDSI Committee is accepted by the Board, a decision will be made as to how multidisciplinary standards will be handled in the future. I will not try to outguess the Board. With respect to in- door air quali

39、ty ASHRAE has been in- volved in this issue for over 100 years. We will continue to be involved because it is germane to our role as an engineering society in the building industry. We will continue to work to increase our knowl- edge in this area and provide accurate technical information that enab

40、les engi- neers to design, build and operate build- ing ventilation systems so as to maintain acceptable indoor air quality. Engineer Salaries Surveyed WASHINGTON, D.C.-The latest sur- vey of engineers salaries indicates that increases in 1997 will be more modest than last year. The Engineering Work

41、- force Commission of the American As- sociation of Engineering Societies surveyed more than 180 major corpora- tions representing over 100,000 engi- neers. This year the median salary for all engineers five years out of their under- graduate program is $42,000. Petroleum engineering is the highest

42、paying entry level discipline with a median starting salary of $42,150. Entry level pay for electrical and electronics engineers is $40,500 and for construction enginee is $34,950. November 1997 COPYRIGHT American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and AC EngineersLicensed by Information Handling Ser

43、vicesposal” from the EU. No Changes for Protocol Timetable There must be no change in the Montreal Protocol now or in the future. MONTREAL-Owners of air-condi- strongly rebutted the EUS position. The We urge you to oppose any such effort,” tioning and refrigeration equipment re- chief executives of

44、more than five dozen the executives said. The letter stated “As ceived assurances here that there will be companies that manufacture air-condi- our industry discarded CFCs, we adopt- no changes in the timetable to phase out tioning and refrigeration equipment ed the strategy-supported by this ad- pr

45、oduction of hydrochlorofluorocarbons signed a letter to the Honorable Timothy ministration-to transition to HCFCs (HCFCs) which are used widely in the E. Wirth, undersecretary for Global Af- and HFC (hydrofluorocarbons) as the al- United States and abroad as refrigerants fairs, which opposed the “ra

46、dical pro- ternatives.” and as alternatives to ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). Delegates to the 10th anniversary meeting of the parties of the Montreal Protocol rejected a proposal from the European Union to ban all HCFC pro- duction in 2010 instead of 2030 as agreed upon in amendments t

47、o the Mon- treal Protocol. The United States strong- ly opposed the proposal, saying it would increase uncertainty and result in contin- ued use of CFCs. Defeat of the European plan, which also would have reduced the HCFC consumption cap to 2.0% (a measure- ment of consumption based upon use of CFCs

48、 in 1987) from its present 2.S%, came at a meeting that concluded Sept. 17 in the city where the worlds gov- ernments agreed a decade ago on a trea- ty to phase out CFCs. “This reaffirmation of the HCFC phaseout timetable gives equipment owners, manufacturers and government officials the certainty t

49、hey need to as- sure a timely and successful transi- tion, said AR1 President Clifford H. (Ted) Rees, Jr. “As our government ar- gued successfully, it is now time to move on to the task of implementation to achieve the most technically feasi- ble, cost-effective phaseout.” Manufacturers in recent years pro- duced non-CFC refrigeration and com- fort cooling equipment in record numbers. But much CFC equipment re- mains in service. In addition to millions of autos, refrigerators and commercial refrigeration compressors that depend on