ASHRAE JOURN 41-11 PGR-1999 ASHRAE Journal《ASHRAE日报第41卷第11号 1999年11月》.pdf

1、 STD-ASHRAE JOURN LIL-LL PGR-ENGL 1999 II 0757b50 054b128 875 6 mlessly with bal protocols EiT3j Profibus, More than 50 ndustrial and other E * : More control over your buildings aufoMation standards. Thats why there are over /O,OOO Metasys SySteMs worldwide. Ifs also fhe reason Metasys Connect- ivi

2、ty arfners represent 125 cowpa- nies, which Make more than 500 products for use with Metasys. fhan ever; with the revolufionary 5 Achieving High Chilled-Water Delta Ts Three Immutable Laws of Central Chiller-Plant Control A View of IAQ as the Century Closes By Donald P Fiorino, PE. 24 By Jim Baird 3

3、1 By Arthur E. Wheeler, PE. 35 Food Preservation Efficient Display Case Refrigeration Why Not Mineral Oil? CFC to HFC Conversion Issues By David S. Reid 40 By Ramin Faramarzi, PE. . 46 By Daniel E. Kramer, PE. 55 Industry News 8 disPlay cases 1s a Problem for Product merchandising. an fi-sweat heate

4、rs locafed Washington Report . 14 around case handrails prevent Meetinas and Shows 20 condensation and heb to solve this issue d Standards . The cover shows typical cases used in supermarkets. The Practical Guide to . 62 Classified Advertising . cooling loads, CiC to HFC conversion Advertising Index

5、 72 issues and food presen/ajion, The Reader Service Card 72a starts on Page 39. Focus on Motors and Drives . 64 NOVEMBER 199 LUME41 MUMBE SD 2000 Electronic Steam Humidifiers The most advanced electrode humid$er. 94% ecient. Exclusive NEWAFS anti- foaming system. Capacity: 1-300 Ibslhr. CleanablelD

6、isposable Steam Generator Cyinderjr Easy Maintenance In the SD 2000, when the steam cylinder is exhausted, an alarm code telh you its time to clean the steam cylinder, which you do by removinf it Shoulda DGH Some of our competitors claim that cleaning a pan is less costly and less hassle than replac

7、ing cylinders. So whats the truth? Cleaning time for a pan-coil humidifier: up to 2 hours. Time to replace the SD 2000 cylinder: 2 minutes. In a critical application that means 2 minutes of down time versus 2 hours! And what about the cost of those “high-priced cylinders! The cylinder shown at left

8、is just $62! Thats a $32 savings over the labor cost to clean the pan-coil! By the way, the cost of most pan-coil electric elements range from $200 to $400, and they DO burn out! Where do you clean them? Clean the pan-coil unit wherever its installed because you cant take it to the sink. And we woul

9、dnt recommend wearing a suit! The SD 2000 represents the state of the art in electric humidifiers, featuring rapid startup and shut down, anti-foaming circuitry, conductivity control, and the most complete diagnostics of any unit in the world. Energy efficiency stays at a whopping 94% over 98% of th

10、e cylinder life. No pan-coil unit can match that! Next time - buy DGH! and eztherAreplanng zt wzh a new-one oi by jhhzng it wzth humzdrfier cleaner solution, Fat, eay, szmple, and a LOT less mes$ For more information call 1-800-DGH-4649 1834 Freedom Road, Lancaster, PA 17601 Internet. htrp /www.dghs

11、ys com E-mail salesdghsystems com (Circle No 4 on Reader Service Card) ?The First Century? Book he First Century of Air Conditioning has been a popular series for ASHRAE Journal and we ihink it also will be a popular book. The series started last December with an article on John Gorrie by John Glads

12、tone, Fellow/Life Member ASHRAE. It ends this month with ?A View of IAQ as the Century Closes? by Art Wheeler, P.E., Fellow/Life Member ASHRAE. In between, the historical articles have covered topics ranging from comfort cooling and office building design to automotive air conditioning. When combine

13、d, the articles chronicle the remarkable evolution of air conditioning, and explain how it has changed the world. Credit for the 12-article series should go to the ASHRAE Historical Committee. The coordinating editor was Harry M. Will, Member ASHRAE. ?This series,? said Will, ?is a testament to . th

14、e initiative, engineering skill and enterprise of those who helped define and develop air conditioning. All involved today in professions that provide environmental control and coinfort should be justly proud of the industry that grew from the contributions of these pioneers.? The book will be avail

15、able this month from ASHRAE Customer Service. The articles also are available electronically under ?About ASHRAE? on ASHRAE?s home page (www. ashrae . org) . THIS ISSUE features The Practical Guide to Refrigeration, a special section with articles on HFC conversions issues, efficient display case re

16、frigeration, and food pres- ervation. This is the sixth Practical Guide produced by ASHRAE Journal. All have been edited by Ken Elovitz, P.E., Member ASHRAE. The Practical Guides will be reborn next Febru- ary as single articles in each issue. Elovitz will continue as volunteer editor. AHR EXPO-MEXI

17、CO is similar to the U.S. show-crowded aisles, lots of equip- ment and colorful booths. But there are differences. For one, the three-day show starts each day at 3 p.m. and gets progressively busier until it closes at 9 p.m. The last day of the show is the busiest, ending at 9 p.m. with a lively cel

18、ebration that includes toasts and a mariachi band. This year?s show was the second of a two-show pilot to assess the viability of a Latin American show. The results have been overwhelmingly positive. The questions now are whether the show will be held biennially or annually, and whether the show wil

19、l stay in Monterrey or alternate with Mexico City. Coverage of this year?s show can be found in the Industry News section. Novem ber 1999 Most smart-home networks let your customers talk to their appliances and HVAC components. But oh, the differences in what they can say. The typical networks vocab

20、ulary is limited to things like, “turn on”and “shut off.” But with Invensys tech- nology, your customers and your products can carry on much more meaningful dialogues. With expressions like “Make the room cooler (or warmer),” “Change the oven setting,” “Keep the lawn sprinklers on longer,” “Close (o

21、r open) the drapes,” and “Wash this load of laundry on the Gentle cycle.” Invensys technology also makes a difference in whom your products can talk to. Like diagnostic technicians on your premises, if anything goes wrong. Or to the other appliances and HVAC products in the house. To have the water

22、heater, for example, start heating more water long before the showers run cold. Controls P.O. Box 26544, Richmond, Virginia 23261-6544 United States of America Telephone +I 804 756 6500, Facsimile +1 804 756 6563 (Circle No. 15 on Reader Service Card) So one of the smartest talks you can have is wi

23、th Invensys Controls, about our smart network technology If smart products are the wave of the future, we can help make yours competitive Einsteins. STD-ASHRAE JOURN 91-11 PGR-ENGL 1999 Hl 075b50 059b13b 991 II Visitor from Mexico right, left photo) learns about new refrigeration compressors. An exh

24、ibit featuring metal-forming equipment (right photo) was a popular stop for many visitors. More than 320 companies exhibited. AHR Expo-Mexico Filling Need MONTERREY, MeXiceThe HVAC 2) must have technology adaptability (Le., be capable of absorbing new technologies that are not yet per- ceived); 3) m

25、ust exhibit environmental sustainability; 4) must provide individual comfort; and 5) must stimulate individual motivation and productivity. To address these challenges, the building process must adjust so that the architect and the engineer work together from the earliest conceptual planning stages

26、in order to provide the office of the future in a cost- effective alternative. Each profession must contribute-not just react. For ex- ample, from the thermal comfort standpoint, the architect can contribute greatly to the ultimate comfort in the building through the buildings configuration, site or

27、ientation, etc.- the “shape and drape” aspects of design. The engineer must be permitted to design mechanical systems that go far beyond early four hundred attended an evening of technical activities surrounding the “Stay Cool! Air Condition- ing America” exhibit at the National Building Mu- seum (N

28、BM) in Washington, D.C. The event was a eting of ASHRAEs National Capital and Baltimore Chapters along with the Washington Chapter of the Mechani- cal Contractors Association. The museums president, Susan Henshaw-Jones, welcomed the group noting the popularity and interest in the exhibit since its o

29、pening May 1. “Stay Cool” has also been a tremen- dous media success with coverage on na- tional television and media interest from overseas. The museum expressed its appreciation to ASHME and the Air Conditioning 404-636- 8400, fax 404-321-5478, jyoungashrae.org or www.ashrae.org. International Air

30、-conditioning, Heating, Refrigerating Exposition (AHR Expo), Feb. 7-9, Dallas. Cosponsored by ASHRAE and ARI. Contact International Exposition Com- pany, 15 Franklin Street, Westport, CT 06880; 203-221-9232, fax 203-221-9260 or . ACCAs Annual Conference, Feb. 16-19, Albuquerque, N.M. Contact Air Con

31、dition- ing Contractors of America at 202-483- 9307, fax 202-588-1217, infoacca.org or www. acca. org. MARCH NADCA Annual Meeting and Exposition, March 14, Phoenix. Contact the National Air Duct Cleaners Association at 202-737-2926, fax 202-347-8847, or . 2000 IIAR Annual Meeting, March 19-22, Nash

32、ville, Tenn. Contact International Insti- tute of Ammonia Refrigeration at 202-857- 11 10, fax 202-223-4579 or . CMX 2000, March 23-25, Toronto, Ontario. Contact 41 6-444-5225, fax 416-444-8268 or . Corrosion/2000, March 26-3 1 , Orlando,Fla. Contact National Association of Corrosion IEST Annual Tec

33、hnical Meeting and Expo, April 30-May 4, Providence, R.I. Contact Joan Harpham at the Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology at 847-255-1561, fax 847-255-1699, www.iest.org, or iest iest . org . MAY Industrial Ventilation Conference, May 1- 4, Raleigh, N.C. Contact Connie McElroy- Bacon

34、at 919-233-8400, fax 919-852-4594 or . International Appliance Technical Confer- ence, May 8-10, Lexington, Ky. Cosponsored by ASHRAE. Contact James Stevens at 727- 536-4326, fax 727-536-4283, www.IATC.net or jstevel061 . GAMA Annual Meeting, May 14-17, La Quinta, Calif. Contact the Gas Appliance Ma

35、nufacturers Association at 703-525-9565, fax 703-525-0718 or www.gamanet.org. Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspectors General Meeting, May 15-19, Toronto, Ontario. Contact 614-888-8320, fax 614- 888-0750, pbrennannationalboard.org or www.nationalboard.org. JUNE BOMA Annual Convention, June 18-20, San

36、Diego. Contact 202-326-6331 or Laura Best at lbestboma.org. ASHRAE Annual Meeting, June 24-28, Minneapolis. Contact ASHRAE Meetings Section, 1791 Tullie Circle NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, 404-636-8400, fax 404-321-5478, jyoungashrae.org or www.ashrae.org. JULY GlobeEX and ENERGEX 2000, July 23- 28, Las V

37、egas. Contact Kathleen J. Moon at 619-294-2999 or !. Purdue Compressor and Refrigeration Conference, July 25-28, West Lafayette, Ind. Contact Cynthia Quillen at Purdue University at 765-494-6078, fax 765-494- 0787, herlconfecn.purdue.edu or www.ecn.purdue.edu/Herrick. AUGUST ISA Expo 2000, Aug. 21-2

38、4, New Orle- ans. Contact the International Society for Measurement and Control at 9 19-549-841 1, fax 919-549-8288, infoisa.org or www.isa.org/events. OCTOBER SMACNA Annual Convention, Oct. 8-11, Big Island, Hawaii. Contact the Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors National Association at 70

39、3-803-2980 or fax 703-803- 3732. ABET Annual Meeting, Oct. 25-27, At- lanta. Contact Accreditation Board for Engi- neering and Technology at 410-347-7730 or www.abet.org. JANUARY ASHRAE Winter Meeting, Jan. 27-3 1, At- lanta. Contact ASHRAE Meetings Section, 1791 Tullie Circle NE, Atlanta, GA 30329,

40、 404-636-8400, fax 404-321-5478, jyoung ashrae.org or www.ashrae.org. International Air-conditioning, Heating, Refrigerating Exposition (AHR Expo), Jan. 29-3 1, Atlanta. Cosponsored by ASHRAE and ARI. Contact International Exposition Com- pany, 15 Franklin Street, Westport, CT 06880; 203-221-9232, f

41、ax 203-221-9260 or . APRIL IEST Annual Meeting and Expo, April 22- 26, Phoenix. Contact Joan Harpham at 847- 255-1561 or fax 847-255-1699. OCTOBER SMACNA Annual Convention, Oct. 21- 25, Boca Raton, Fla. Contact the Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors National Association at 703-803-2980 or

42、fax 703-803- 3732. MARCH SHK Moscow 2000, March 13-16, Moscow. Contact Messe Dsseldorf North America at 3 12-781-5 180, fax 3 12-781-5 188, or . 20 ASHRAE Journal November 1999 STDmASHRAE JOURN LiI-11 PGR-ENGL 1777 0757b50 05Lib150 211 W Mostra Convegno Expocomfort 2000, March 21-25, Milan, Italy.

43、Contact Fiera Milano International at 39 02 485 501, fax 39 02 4800 5450, mceplanet.it or www, fmi. it. MAY SHKG 2000, Trade Fair for Sanitation, Heat- ing, Ventilation and Building Automation, May 3-7, Berlin. Contact Messe Berlin at 49 30 3038 2115, or fax 49 30 3038 2069. JUNE entilation 2000, In

44、ternational Symposium on Ventilation for Contaminant Control, June 4-7, Helsinki, Finland. Contact Solveig Borg at the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health at 358 9 4747 900, fax 358 9 2413 804 or soIveig.borgoccuphealth.fi. JULY Roomvent 2000, July 9-12, Reading, UK. Cosponsored by ASHRAE. Cont

45、act 44 118 931 8198, fax 44 118 931 3856, rv2000rdg.ac.uk or www.rdg.ac.uk/ rv2000. IOHA International Scientific Confer- ence, July 10-14, Cairns, Australia. Contact the International Occupational Hygiene As- sociation at 61 3 9335 2577, fax 61 3 9335 3454 or . AUGUST Healthy Buildings Conference 2

46、000, Aug. 6-10, Espoo, Finland. Cosponsored by ASHRAE. Contact the conference secrc- tariatat 358 9 4355 5612, fax 358 9 4355 5655, infosisailmayhdistys.fi or www.hb2000.org. SIMA 2000, International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Exhibition, Aug. 29- Sept. 2, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Coiitact L

47、a Teclinica del Frio S.A. at 54 11 4342 2028 or fax 54 II 4342 1784, latechnicadelfrio .ar. SEPTEMBER CIBSE/ASHRAE Dublin 2000, Sept. 2 1- 23, Dublin. Contact W.S. Comstock at ASHRAE at 404-636-8400 ext. 600, fax 404- 321-5478 or coinstockashrae.org. Intercool 2000, Sept. 24-27, Dsseldorf, Germany.

48、Contact Mcsse Dsseldorf North America at 3 12-781-5 180, fax 3 12-781-51 88 or . HVAC Asia 2000, Sept. 25-28, Singapore. Contact Simon Ng at 65 5343588, fax 65 5342330 or .sg. OCTOBER IKK International Trade Fair for Refrig- erating and Air Conditioning, Oct. 18-20, Nuremberg, Gcrniany. Contact Nrnberg Messe at 49 09 1 186 06 O, fax 49 09 1 186 06 2 28, infonuernbergmesse.de or www.ikk. info-wcb.de. Air Conditioning in High Rise Buildings 2000, Oct. 24-26, Shanghai, China. Contact Secretariat-ACHRB 2000, Department of International Construction Engineering, Tongji University, 71 Chi