1、Metallic Gaskets for Pipe FlangesRing-Joint, Spiral-Wound, and JacketedAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDASME B16.20-2007(Revision of ASME B16.20-1998)Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-AS
2、ME B16.20-2007(Revision of ASME B16.20-1998)Metallic Gasketsfor Pipe FlangesRing-Joint, Spiral-Wound, andJacketedAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Date o
3、f Issuance: May 19, 2008The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2013. There will be no addendaissued to this edition.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of thisStandard. Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site
4、under the Committee Pages athttp:/cstools.asme.org as they are issued.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that
5、approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was madeavailable for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, ac
6、ademia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems mentioned in this document,
7、 and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expresslyadvised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement
8、 of such rights, isentirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted asgovernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this docum
9、ent issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.The Am
10、erican Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2008 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted
11、without license from IHS-,-,-CONTENTSForeword ivCommittee Roster . vCorrespondence With the B16 Committee viImportant Information Concerning Use of Asbestos or Alternative Materials vii1 Scope 12 Ring-Joint Gaskets 13 Spiral-Wound Gaskets . 24 Jacketed Gaskets 3Tables1 Maximum Hardness for Ring Gask
12、ets 12 Ring Gasket Markings . 23 Type R Ring Gasket Dimensions and Tolerances 44 Pipe Sizes for Type R Ring Gaskets Suitable for Referenced Standards . 75 Type RX Ring Gasket Dimensions and Tolerances . 96 Pipe Sizes for Type RX Ring Gaskets Suitable for Referenced Standards . 117 Type BX Ring Gaske
13、t Dimensions and Tolerances . 128 Pipe Sizes for Type BX Ring Gaskets Suitable for Referenced Standards . 139 Dimensions for Spiral-Wound Gaskets Used With ASME B16.5 Flanges 1410 Dimensions for Spiral-Wound Gaskets Used With ASME B16.47 Series A Flanges 1611 Dimensions for Spiral-Wound Gaskets Used
14、 With ASME B16.47 Series B Flanges 1812 Inner-Ring Inside Diameters for Spiral-Wound Gaskets for Use With ASME B16.5Flanges . 2013 Inner-Ring Inside Diameters for Spiral-Wound Gaskets Used Between ASMEB16.47 Series A Flanges 2114 Inner-Ring Inside Diameters for Spiral-Wound Gaskets Used Between ASME
15、B16.47 Series B Flanges 2215 Minimum Pipe Wall Thickness Suitable for Use of Spiral-Wound Gaskets WithInner Rings for ASME B16.5 Flanges . 2316 Maximum Bore of ASME B16.5 Flanges for Use With Spiral-Wound Gaskets . 2417 Maximum Bore of ASME B16.47 Series A Flanges for Use WithSpiral-Wound Gaskets .
16、2518 Maximum Bore of ASME B16.47 Series B Flanges for Use WithSpiral-Wound Gaskets . 2619 Color Coding and Abbreviations for Spiral-Wound Gasket Materials 2720 Example Markings for Spiral-Wound Gaskets . 2821 Jacketed Gasket Dimensions for ASME B16.5 Flanges . 2922 Jacketed Gasket Dimensions for ASM
17、E B16.47 Series A Flanges . 3023 Jacketed Gasket Dimensions for ASME B16.47 Series B Flanges . 3124 Abbreviations for Identifying Materials for Jacketed Gaskets 3225 Example Markings for Jacketed Gaskets 32Mandatory AppendicesI Dimensions of Gaskets in U.S. Customary Units 33II References . 54Nonman
18、datory AppendixA Quality System Program . 55iiiCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-FOREWORDRing-joint gaskets and grooves probably originated in the boiler field, where they were usedi
19、n various forms for manhole covers, autoclaves, and other closures; however, it was in the oilindustry (both in the production and refining of oil) that they received the greatest recognitionand were developed into their present form. Their use expanded steadily as temperatures andpressures were inc
20、reased in steam plants. Tests examining their application in flanges and valveswere conducted as early as 1928.In June 1936, the American Petroleum Institute (API) issued Tentative Standard 5-G-3 on Ring-Joints for Steel Flanges and Flange Unions for use with API Tubular Goods. This standard wasknow
21、n as API Specification 6B, Ring-Joint Flanges. Following the acceptance of ring-joints forflanges and valves by API and the issuance of their standard, ASA B16e on Steel Pipe Flangesand Flanged Fittings was revised to include them, and the 1939 edition included standarddimensions for a full line of
22、ring-joint flanges based on the API standard. Development workcontinued and API formulated Standard 6E, Specification for Wellhead Equipment, whichincluded ring-joints not covered in ASA B16e-1939.In 1949, the American Standards Association (ASA), Sectional Committee B16, Subcommittee3, Steel Flange
23、s and Flanged Fittings, assembled the available information on ring-joint gasketsinto a single standard. ASA approval was granted on April 30, 1952, with the designation ASAB16.20-1952.An updated version was submitted and ASA approval was granted on April 4, 1955, with thedesignation ASA B16.20-1955
24、. Ring gaskets for Class 900 (900 lb at that time) in sizes NPS 26through 36 were added and ASA approval was granted on April 2, 1956. The standard wasreviewed in 1962 and approval was granted by the ASA on April 25, 1963.The standard was again reviewed and approval was granted by the American Natio
25、nal Stan-dards Institute (ANSI) on April 25, 1973, with the designation of an American National Standard.API requested that ASME convert their gasket standard, API 601, into an ASME AmericanNational Standard. As a result of that request, the standard was expanded to include requirementsfor spiral-wo
26、und and jacketed gaskets that were formerly listed in API 601, 7th edition, 1988.Also, ring-joint groove dimensions were not included, because they were included in ASME/ANSI B16.5-1988, titled Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings, and ASME B16.47-1990, titled LargeDiameter Steel Flanges.The 1993 editi
27、on was approved by the B16 Standards Committee and, following approval byASME, approval by ANSI was given on January 22, 1993, with the designation ASME B16.20-1993.In the 1998 edition of ASME B16.20, reference standards were updated, a quality systemprogram annex was added, inner ring inside diamet
28、ers for spiral-wound gaskets were revised,and several editorial revisions were made. Following approval by ASME B16 Subcommittee Gand the B16 Main Committee, ANSI approved this American National Standard on November20, 1998.In 2007, the standard adopted metric dimensions as an independent standard t
29、o the U.S.Customary units; Mandatory Appendix I has been added to cover dimensional tables in U.S.Customary units. Following approval by B16 Subcommittee G, the Standards Committee, andASME, ANSI approved this American National Standard on October 19, 2007.ivCopyright ASME International Provided by
30、IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B16 COMMITTEEStandardization of Valves, Flanges, Fittings,and Gaskets(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICER
31、SH. R. Sonderegger, ChairM. L. Nayyar, Vice ChairU. DUrso, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELR. W. Barnes, ANRIC Enterprises, Inc.W. B. Bedesem, ExxonMobil Research however, they shouldnot contain proprietary names or information.Requests that are not in this format will be rewritten in this for
32、mat by the Committee priorto being answered, which may inadvertently change the intent of the original request.ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of any interpretation when or if additionalinformation that might affect an interpretation is available. Further, persons aggrieved by aninterpre
33、tation may appeal to the cognizant ASME Committee or Subcommittee. ASME does not“approve,” “certify,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.Attending Committee Meetings. The B16 Standards Committee regularly holds meetings, whichare open to the public. Persons
34、wishing to attend any meeting should contact the Secretary ofthe B16 Standards Committee.viCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-IMPORTANT INFORMATION CONCERNING USE OFASBESTOS OR ALTERN
35、ATIVE MATERIALSAsbestos is referenced for use as a filler material in metallic gaskets. It has served as a universalsealing material, compatible with most fluid services. It has been of extreme usefulness in minimiz-ing fire hazards.Certain serious adverse health effects are associated with asbestos
36、, among them the seriousand often fatal diseases of lung cancer, asbestosis, and mesothelioma (a cancer of the chest andabdominal linings). The degree of exposure to asbestos varies with the product and the workpractices involved.Consult the most recent edition of the Occupational Safety and Health
37、Administration, U.S.Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Standard for Asbestos, Tremolite, Antho-phyllite, and Actinolite, 29 Code of Federal Regulations Section 1910.1001; the U.S. EnvironmentalProtection Agency National Emission Standard for Asbestos, 40 Code of Federal RegulationsS
38、ections 61.140 through 61.156; and the proposed rule by the U.S. Environmental ProtectionAgency proposing labeling requirements and phased banning of asbestos products, published at51 Federal Register 3738-3759 (January 29, 1986).There are currently in use and under development a number of substitut
39、e materials to replaceasbestos in certain applications. Manufacturers and users are encouraged to develop and useeffective substitute materials that can meet the specifications for, and operating requirements of,the equipment to which they would apply.Information concerning safety and health risks a
40、nd proper precautions with respect to particularmaterials and conditions should be obtained from ones employer, the manufacturer or supplierof that material, or the Material Safety Data Sheet.viiCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or net
41、working permitted without license from IHS-,-,-INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANKviiiCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B16.20-2007METALLIC GASKETS FOR PIPE FLANGESRing-Joint, Spiral-Wound
42、, and Jacketed1 SCOPE1.1 GeneralThis Standard covers materials, dimensions, toler-ances, and markings for metal ring-joint gaskets, spiral-wound metal gaskets, and metal-jacketed gaskets. Thesegaskets are dimensionally suitable for use with flangesdescribed in reference flange standards ASME B16.5,A
43、SME B16.47, API Specification 6A, and ISO 10423. ThisStandard covers spiral-wound metal gaskets and metal-jacketed gaskets for use with raised-face and flat-faceflanges.1.2 Quality SystemsRequirements relating to the product manufacturersquality system programs are described in Nonmanda-tory Appendi
44、x A.1.3 ReferencesStandards and specifications adopted by reference inthis Standard are shown in Mandatory Appendix II,which is part of this Standard.1.4 Relevant UnitsThis Standard states values in both metric and U.S.Customary units. These systems of units are to beregarded separately as standard.
45、Within the text, the U.S. Customary units are shownin parentheses or in separate tables. The values statedin each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, it isrequired that each system of units be used indepen-dently of the other. Combining values from the twosystems constitutes nonconformance
46、with the Standard.2 RING-JOINT GASKETS2.1 TypesRing-joint gaskets shall be either octagonal or oval incross section.2.2 SizeRing-joint gaskets shall be identified by an R, RX, orBX number that relates to flange size (NPS), pressureclass, and the appropriate flange standards (ASMEB16.5, ASME B16.47,
47、API Specification 6A, or ISO 10423).1Table 1 Maximum Hardness for Ring GasketsMaximum HardnessRing Gasket Material Brinell Rockwell “B” ScaleSoft iron Note (1) 90 56Low-carbon steel 120 6846 chrome12Mo 130 72Type 410 170 86Type 304 160 83Type 316 160 83Type 347 160 83NOTE:(1) May be low-carbon steel
48、, not to exceed maximum hardness of90 Brinell 56 Rockwell “B.”2.3 Materials2.3.1 General. Ring-joint gasket materials, some ofwhich are listed in Table 1, shall be selected by the userbased on suitability for the service conditions.It is recommended that ring-joint gaskets be of a lesserhardness tha
49、n that of the mating flanges.2.3.2 Hardness. Ring-joint gaskets of materialslisted in Table 1 shall have a hardness equal to or lessthan that shown in Table 1.2.4 MarkingThe outer surface of each gasket shall carry the manu-facturers name or identification trademark and gasketnumber prefixed by the letters R, RX, or BX, followedby the gasket material id
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