ASME B30 1-2015 Jacks Industrial Rollers Air Casters and Hydraulic Gantries《千斤顶 工业胶辊 空气脚轮和液压龙门架》.pdf

1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ASME B30.1-2015(Revision of ASME B30.1-2009)Jacks, Industrial Rollers, Air Casters, and Hydraulic GantriesSafety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and SlingsASME B30.1-2015(Revision of ASME B30.1-2009)Jacks, IndustrialRollers, Air Casters,a

2、nd Hydraulic GantriesSafety Standard for Cableways,Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks,and SlingsAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDTwo Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 USADate of Issuance: May 29, 2015The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2020. This Standard will becomeeffect

3、ive 1 year after the Date of Issuance.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of thisStandard. Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages athttp:/cstools.asme.org/ as they are issued. Interpretations will also be incl

4、uded with each edition.Errata to codes and standards may be posted on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages toprovide corrections to incorrectly published items, or to correct typographical or grammatical errorsin codes and standards. Such errata shall be used on the date posted.The Committee

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6、on.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individua

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11、olicies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersTwo Park Avenue, New York, N

12、Y 10016-5990Copyright 2015 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.CONTENTSForeword viCommittee Roster . viiiB30 Standard Introduction . xSummary of Changes xiiiChapter 1-0 Scope, Translations, Definitions, Personnel Competence, Responsibilities, andReferenc

13、es . 1Section 1-0.1 Scope of B30.1 . 1Section 1-0.2 Definitions 1Section 1-0.3 Personnel Competence . 3Section 1-0.4 Responsibilities 3Section 1-0.5 Reference 5Chapter 1-1 Mechanical Jacks 7Section 1-1.0 Scope . 7Section 1-1.1 Types and Design 7Section 1-1.2 Design Factor 7Section 1-1.3 Rated Loads

14、. 7Section 1-1.4 Proof Test and Proof Load . 7Section 1-1.5 Identification 7Section 1-1.6 Effects of Environment . 10Section 1-1.7 Instructions and Training 10Section 1-1.8 Inspection, Repair, and Removal . 10Section 1-1.9 Operating Practices 11Chapter 1-2 Hydraulic Jacks . 13Section 1-2.0 Scope . 1

15、3Section 1-2.1 Types and Design 13Section 1-2.2 Design Factor 13Section 1-2.3 Rated Loads . 13Section 1-2.4 Proof Test and Proof Load . 13Section 1-2.5 Identification 13Section 1-2.6 Effects of Environment . 15Section 1-2.7 Instructions and Training 15Section 1-2.8 Inspection, Repair, and Removal .

16、15Section 1-2.9 Operating Practices 16Chapter 1-3 Air-Lifting Bags . 19Section 1-3.0 Scope . 19Section 1-3.1 Types and Design 19Section 1-3.2 Design Factor 19Section 1-3.3 Rated Loads . 19Section 1-3.4 Proof Test . 19Section 1-3.5 Identification 19Section 1-3.6 Effects of Environment . 19Section 1-3

17、.7 Instructions and Training 21Section 1-3.8 Inspection, Repair, and Removal From Service 21Section 1-3.9 Operating Practices 22Chapter 1-4 Industrial Rollers 24Section 1-4.0 Scope . 24Section 1-4.1 Types and Design 24iiiSection 1-4.2 Design Factor 24Section 1-4.3 Rated Loads . 24Section 1-4.4 Proof

18、 Test and Proof Load . 24Section 1-4.5 Identification 24Section 1-4.6 Effects of Environment . 24Section 1-4.7 Instructions and Training 26Section 1-4.8 Inspection, Repair, and Removal . 26Section 1-4.9 Operating Practices 27Chapter 1-5 Air Casters 29Section 1-5.0 Scope . 29Section 1-5.1 Types, Mate

19、rials, and Design . 29Section 1-5.2 Design Factor 29Section 1-5.3 Rated Loads . 29Section 1-5.4 Proof Test . 29Section 1-5.5 Identification 29Section 1-5.6 Effects of Environment . 29Section 1-5.7 Instructions and Training 31Section 1-5.8 Inspection, Repair, and Removal . 31Section 1-5.9 Operating P

20、ractices 32Chapter 1-6 Telescopic Hydraulic Gantry Systems . 34Section 1-6.0 Scope . 34Section 1-6.1 Types and Design 34Section 1-6.2 Design Factors . 34Section 1-6.3 Rated Loads . 34Section 1-6.4 Proof Test and Proof Load . 34Section 1-6.5 Identification 36Section 1-6.6 Effects of Environment . 36S

21、ection 1-6.7 Instructions and Training 36Section 1-6.8 Inspection, Repair, and Removal . 36Section 1-6.9 Operating Practices 37Chapter 1-7 Strand Jack Systems 40Section 1-7.0 Scope . 40Section 1-7.1 Types and Design 40Section 1-7.2 Design Factors . 40Section 1-7.3 Rated Loads . 40Section 1-7.4 Proof

22、 Test and Proof Load . 40Section 1-7.5 Identification 41Section 1-7.6 Effects of Environment . 41Section 1-7.7 Instructions and Training 42Section 1-7.8 Inspection, Repair, and Removal . 42Section 1-7.9 Operating Practices 43Figures1-0.4.4-1 Standard Hand Signals When Using Jacks, Industrial Rollers

23、, AirCasters, and Telescopic Hydraulic Gantry Systems 61-1.1.1-1 Ratchet Jack . 81-1.1.1-2 Screw Jack . 81-1.1.1-3 Power-Driven Screw Jack 91-1.1.1-4 Screw Jack With Ratchet . 91-2.1.1-1 Single-Acting Hydraulic Jack . 141-2.1.1-2 Double-Acting Hydraulic Jack 141-2.1.1-3 Self-Contained Hydraulic Jack

24、 151-3.1.1-1 Air-Lifting Bags . 201-4.1.1-1 Conventional Industrial Roller: Roller Type . 251-4.1.1-2 Three-Point Rolling System: Wheel Type 251-5.1.1-1 Air Casters 30iv1-5.1.1-2 Four-Unit Air Caster System . 301-6.1.1-1 Gantry Leg Types 351-6.1.1-2 Basic Gantry System . 351-7.1.1-1 Basic Strand Jac

25、k System . 41vFOREWORDThis American National Standard, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, has been developed under the procedures accredited by the AmericanNational Standards Institute (ANSI). This Standard had its beginning in December 1916 whenan eigh

26、t-page “Code of Safety Standards for Cranes,” prepared by an ASME Committee on theProtection of Industrial Workers, was presented at the annual meeting of the ASME.Meetings and discussions regarding safety on cranes, derricks, and hoists were held from 1920to 1925, involving the ASME Safety Code Cor

27、relating Committee, the Association of Iron andSteel Electrical Engineers, the American Museum of Safety, the American EngineeringStandards Committee (AESC) later changed to American Standards Association (ASA), then tothe United States of America Standards Institute (USASI), and finally to ANSI, De

28、partment ofLabor - State of New Jersey, Department of Labor and Industry - State of Pennsylvania, and theLocomotive Crane Manufacturers Association. On June 11, 1925, AESC approved theASME Safety Code Correlating Committees recommendation and authorized the project with theU.S. Department of the Nav

29、y, Bureau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors.In March 1926, invitations were issued to 50 organizations to appoint representatives to aSectional Committee. The call for organization of this Sectional Committee was sent outOctober 2, 1926, and the committee organized November 4, 1926, with 57 m

30、embers representing29 national organizations. Commencing June 1, 1927, and using the eight-page code publishedby ASME in 1916 as a basis, the Sectional Committee developed the “Safety Code for Cranes,Derricks, and Hoists.” The early drafts of this safety code included requirements for “Jacks” but,du

31、e to inputs and comments on those drafts, the Sectional Committee decided in 1938 to makethe requirements for “Jacks” a separate code. In January 1943, ASA B30.2-1943 was publishedaddressing a multitude of equipment types and in August 1943, ASA B30.1-1943 was publishedjust addressing “Jacks.” Both

32、documents were reaffirmed in 1952 and widely accepted as safetystandards.Due to changes in design, advancement in techniques, and general interest of labor and industryin safety, the Sectional Committee, under the joint sponsorship of ASME and the Bureau of Yardsand Docks (now the Naval Facilities E

33、ngineering Command) was reorganized onJanuary 31, 1962, with 39 members representing 27 national organizations. The new committeechanged the format of ASA B30.2-1943 so that the multitude of equipment types it addressedcould be published in separate volumes that could completely cover the constructi

34、on, installation,inspection, testing, maintenance, and operation of each type of equipment that was included inthe scope of ASA B30.2. This format change resulted in the initial publication of B30.3, B30.5,B30.6, B30.11 and B30.16 being designated as “Revisions” of B30.2 with the remainder of theB30

35、 Volumes being published as totally new volumes. ASA changed its name to USASI in 1966and to ANSI in 1969, which resulted in B30 volumes from 1943 to 1968 being designated as either“ASA B30,” “USAS B30,” or “ANSI B30,” depending on their date of publication.In 1982, the Committee was reorganized as

36、an Accredited Organization Committee, operatingunder procedures developed by ASME and accredited by ANSI. This Standard presents a coordi-nated set of rules that may serve as a guide to government and other regulatory bodies andmunicipal authorities responsible for the guarding and inspection of the

37、 equipment falling withinits scope. The suggestions leading to accident prevention are given both as mandatory andadvisory provisions; compliance with both types may be required by employers of their employees.In case of practical difficulties, new developments, or unnecessary hardship, the administ

38、rativeor regulatory authority may grant variances from the literal requirements or permit the use ofother devices or methods, but only when it is clearly evident that an equivalent degree ofprotection is thereby secured. To secure uniform application and interpretation of this Standard,administrativ

39、e or regulatory authorities are urged to consult the B30 Committee, in accordancewith the format described in Section IX of the Introduction, before rendering decisions on disputedpoints.viSafety codes and standards are intended to enhance public safety. Revisions result from commit-tee consideratio

40、n of factors such as technological advances, new data, and changing environmentaland industry needs. Revisions do not imply that previous editions were inadequate.B30.1 Jacks has been in existence since 1926, with new editions published in 1943, 1967, 1981,1986, 1992, 1998, and 2004. The 2009 revisi

41、on of this Volume revised the title to Jacks, IndustrialRollers, Air Casters, and Hydraulic Gantries. The Volume was reformatted to incorporate therequirements for jacks, air-lifting bags, industrial rollers, air casters, and telescopic hydraulicgantry systems into Chapters 1-1 through 1-6. The 2015

42、 edition adds Chapter 1-7 on strand jacksystems. It also addresses responsibilities of personnel, personnel competence, and translations.This Volume of the Standard, which was approved by the B30 Committee and by ASME, wasapproved by ANSI and designated as an American National Standard on April 15,

43、2015.viiASME B30 COMMITTEESafety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSB. D. Closson, ChairT. L. Blanton, Vice ChairK. M. Hyam, SecretarySTANDARDS CO

44、MMITTEE PERSONNELN. E. Andrew, AM/NS CalvertG. Austin, Terex Corp.T. L. Blanton, NACB Group, Inc.R. Ohman, Alternate, Verde Concepts, Inc.P. A. Boeckman, The Crosby Group, Inc.C. E. Lucas, Alternate, The Crosby Group, Inc.P. W. Boyd, The Boeing Co.M. E. Brunet, Manitowoc CranesA. L. Calta, Alternate

45、, Manitowoc CranesB. D. Closson, Craft Forensic ServicesB. A. Pickett, Alternate, Systems Engineering and Forensic ServicesR. M. Cutshall, Savannah River Nuclear SolutionsR. T. Bolton, Alternate, Savannah River Nuclear SolutionsJ. A. Danielson, The Boeing Co.D. Decker, Becket, LLCL. D. DeMark, Equip

46、ment Training Solutions, LLCD. F. Jordan, Alternate, BP AmericaD. W. Eckstine, Eckstine horizontal movement ofthe telescopic hydraulic gantry system along the track(Chapter 1-6).tube guide: component of a strand jack that reduces theunsupported length of strand inside the jack to decreasethe occurre

47、nce of birdcaging inside the jack.(15)(15)ASME B30.1-2015SECTION 1-0.3: PERSONNEL COMPETENCEPersons performing the functions identified in thisVolume shall meet the applicable qualifying criteriastated in this Volume and shall, through education, train-ing, experience, skill, and physical fitness, a

48、s necessary,be competent and capable to perform the functions asdetermined by the employer or employersrepresentative.SECTION 1-0.4 RESPONSIBILITIESWhile the organizational structure of various projectsmay differ, the following roles are described here forpurposes of delineating responsibilities. Al

49、l responsibili-ties listed below shall be assigned in the work site orga-nization. A single individual may perform one or moreof these roles.LHE Operator: directly controls the LHEs functions.LHE Owner: has custodial control of the LHE by virtueof lease or ownership.LHE User: arranges the LHEs presence on a worksiteand controls its use there.LHE Director: directly oversees the work being per-formed by the LHE and the associated crew.Site Supervisor: exercises supervisory control over thework site on which the LHE is being used and over thework that is being performed on that site