ASME B30 16-2017 Overhead Underhung and Stationary Hoists《上悬式和固定式提升机》.pdf

1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDASME B30.16-2017(Revision of ASME B30.16-2012)Overhead Underhung and Stationary HoistsSafety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and SlingsASME B30.16-2017(Revision of ASME B30.16-2012)OverheadUnderhung andStationaryHoistsSafety Standard for C

2、ableways,Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks,and SlingsAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDTwo Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 USADate of Issuance: August 31, 2017The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2022. This Standard will becomeeffective 1 year after the Date of Issuance.A

3、SME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of thisStandard. Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages athttp:/cstools.asme.org/ as they are issued.Errata to codes and standards may be posted on the ASME Web site under th

4、e Committee Pages toprovide corrections to incorrectly published items, or to correct typographical or grammatical errorsin codes and standards. Such errata shall be used on the date posted.The Committee Pages can be found at http:/cstools.asme.org/. There is an option available toautomatically rece

5、ive an e-mail notification when errata are posted to a particular code or standard.This option can be found on the appropriate Committee Page after selecting “Errata” in the “PublicationInformation” section.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or

6、 standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed co

7、de or standard was madeavailable for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does

8、 not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assume any such liability. Us

9、ers of a code or standard are expresslyadvised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, isentirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpret

10、ed asgovernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document

11、may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersTwo Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2017 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrint

12、ed in U.S.A.CONTENTSForeword ivCommittee Roster . viB30 Standard Introduction . viiiSummary of Changes xiChapter 16-0 Scope, Definitions, Personnel Competence, and References . 1Section 16-0.1 Scope of B30.16 . 1Section 16-0.2 Definitions 1Section 16-0.3 Personnel Competence 3Section 16-0.4 Referenc

13、es 3Chapter 16-1 Marking, Construction, and Installation 11Section 16-1.1 Marking 11Section 16-1.2 Construction 12Section 16-1.3 Installation . 14Chapter 16-2 Inspection and Testing 16Section 16-2.1 Inspection 16Section 16-2.2 Testing . 20Chapter 16-3 Operator Training and Operation 22Section 16-3.1

14、 Operator Training . 22Section 16-3.2 Training for Persons Other Than Hoist Operators 22Section 16-3.3 Operation . 22Section 16-3.4 Signals . 25Section 16-3.5 Planned Engineered Lifts 25Section 16-3.6 Equipment Lockout/Tagout . 27Chapter 16-4 Maintenance Training and Maintenance 28Section 16-4.1 Mai

15、ntenance Training and Maintenance Requirements 28Section 16-4.2 Maintenance Training . 28Section 16-4.3 Equipment Maintenance . 28Section 16-4.4 Rope Replacement and Maintenance . 29Section 16-4.5 Welded Link Chain Replacement and Maintenance . 30Section 16-4.6 Roller Chain Replacement and Maintenan

16、ce . 31Figures16-0.1-1 Hand-Chain-Operated Chain Hoist 416-0.1-2 Electric-Powered Chain Hoist 416-0.1-3 Air-Powered Chain Hoist 516-0.1-4 Electric-Powered Wire Rope Hoist . 616-0.1-5 Air-Powered Wire Rope Hoist . 716-0.1-6 Stationary Hoist 816-3.4.1-1 Standard Hand Signals for Controlling Hoists 26T

17、ables16-2.1.4-1 Inspection for Hand-Chain-Operated Hoists . 1716-2.1.4-2 Inspection for Electric- or Air-Powered Hoists 18iiiFOREWORDThis American National Standard, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, has been developed under the procedures accredited b

18、y the AmericanNational Standards Institute (ANSI). This Standard had its beginning in December 1916 whenan eight-page Code of Safety Standards for Cranes, prepared by an ASME Committee on theProtection of Industrial Workers, was presented at the annual meeting of ASME.Meetings and discussions regard

19、ing safety on cranes, derricks, and hoists were held from 1920to 1925 involving the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee, the Association of Iron andSteel Electrical Engineers, the American Museum of Safety, the American Engineering StandardsCommittee (AESC) later changed to American Standards Ass

20、ociation (ASA), then to the UnitedStates of America Standards Institute (USASI), and finally to ANSI, Department of Labor State of New Jersey, Department of Labor and Industry State of Pennsylvania, and theLocomotive Crane Manufacturers Association. On June 11, 1925, AESC approved the ASMESafety Cod

21、e Correlating Committees recommendation and authorized the project with theU.S. Department of the Navy, Bureau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors.In March 1926, invitations were issued to 50 organizations to appoint representatives to aSectional Committee. The call for organization of this Sec

22、tional Committee was sent outOctober 2, 1926, and the committee organized November 4, 1926, with 57 members representing29 national organizations. Commencing June 1, 1927, and using the eight-page code publishedby ASME in 1916 as a basis, the Sectional Committee developed the Safety Code for Cranes,

23、Derricks, and Hoists. The early drafts of this safety code included requirements for jacks, but,due to inputs and comments on those drafts, the Sectional Committee decided in 1938 to makethe requirements for jacks a separate code. In January 1943, ASA B30.2-1943 was publishedaddressing a multitude o

24、f equipment types, and in August 1943, ASA B30.1-1943 was publishedjust addressing jacks. Both documents were reaffirmed in 1952 and widely accepted as safetystandards.Duetochangesindesign,advancementintechniques,andgeneralinterestoflaborandindustryin safety, the Sectional Committee, under the joint

25、 sponsorship of ASME and the Bureau of YardsandDocks(nowtheNavalFacilitiesEngineeringCommand),wasreorganizedonJanuary31,1962,with 39 members representing 27 national organizations. The new committee changed the formatof ASA B30.2-1943 so that the multitude of equipment types it addressed could be pu

26、blished inseparate volumes that could completely cover the construction, installation, inspection, testing,maintenance,andoperationofeachtypeofequipmentthatwasincludedinthescopeofASAB30.2.This format change resulted in the initial publication of B30.3, B30.5, B30.6, B30.11, and B30.16being designate

27、d as revisions of B30.2 with the remainder of the B30 volumes being publishedas totally new volumes. ASA changed its name to USASI in 1966 and to ANSI in 1969, whichresulted in B30 volumes from 1943 to 1968 being designated as either ASA B30, USAS B30, orANSI B30, depending on their date of publicat

28、ion.In 1982, the Committee was reorganized as an Accredited Organization Committee, operatingunder procedures developed by ASME and accredited by ANSI. This Standard presents a coordi-nated set of rules that may serve as a guide to government and other regulatory bodies andmunicipal authorities resp

29、onsible for the guarding and inspection of the equipment falling withinits scope. The suggestions leading to accident prevention are given both as mandatory andadvisoryprovisions;compliancewithbothtypesmayberequiredbyemployersoftheiremployees.In case of practical difficulties, new developments, or u

30、nnecessary hardship, the administrativeor regulatory authority may grant variances from the literal requirements or permit the use ofotherdevicesormethodsbutonlywhenitisclearlyevidentthatanequivalentdegreeofprotectionis thereby secured. To secure uniform application and interpretation of this Standa

31、rd, administra-tive or regulatory authorities are urged to consult the B30 Committee, in accordance with theformat described in Section IX of the Introduction, before rendering decisions on disputed points.ivSafetycodesandstandardsareintendedtoenhancepublicsafety.Revisionsresultfromcommit-teeconside

32、rationoffactorssuchastechnologicaladvances,newdata,andchangingenvironmentaland industry needs. Revisions do not imply that previous editions were inadequate.The first edition of B30.16 was published in 1973. New editions were published in 1981, 1987,1993, 1998, 2003, 2007, and 2012. The 2012 edition

33、 of this Standard included a major revision toChapter 16-2 and the addition of Chapter 16-4. The sections on maintenance of hoist componentsin Chapter 16-2 were moved to Chapter 16-4, along with other updates to the Standard. In this2017 edition, revisions were made to reflect current technology and

34、 terminology. This revisionnowaddressesoverheadunderhungandstationaryhoistsandincludesnewinformationregardingpersonnel competence, inclusion of hoist duty service classification on labels of powered hoists,requirements for presentation of technical and safety-related information, pitch diameter requ

35、ire-ments for sheaves and drums, a referenced standard for supporting structures, general inspectionrequirements, and responsibilities for riggers and signalpersons.This Volume of the Standard, which was approved by the B30 Committee and ASME, wasapproved by ANSI and designated an American National

36、Standard on July 28, 2017.vASME B30 COMMITTEESafety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSB. D. Closson, ChairT. L. Blanton, Vice ChairK. M. Hyam, Se

37、cretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELN. E. Andrew, LTS Cranes MechanicalM. Eggenberger, Alternate, Berry Contracting, Inc.T. L. Blanton, NACB Group, Inc.P. A. Boeckman, The Crosby GroupE. E. Lutter, Alternate, The Crosby Group, Inc.P. W. Boyd, The Boeing Co.B. B. Bacon, Alternate, Tennessee Valley Au

38、thorityB. D. Closson, Craft Forensic ServicesJ. A. Danielson, The Boeing Co.B. M. Casey, Alternate, General Dynamics Electric BoatD. R. Decker, Becket, LLCL. S. Olver, Alternate, Kolo Holdings, Inc.L. D. Demark, Equipment Training Solutions, LLCD. F. Jordan, Alternate, American International Crane B

39、ureauD. W. Eckstine, Eckstine Melting andPouring; and Cleaning and Finishing1Publisher: American Society for Testing and Materials(ASTM International), 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. BoxC700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959(http:/www.astm.org)ISO 7000-2012, Graphical symbols for use on equip-ment Regi

40、stered symbolsISO 7296-1991, Cranes Graphical symbols Parts 13Publisher: International Organization forStandardization (ISO), Central Secretariat, Chemin deBlandonnet 8, Case Postale 401, 1214 Vernier, Geneva,Switzerland (http:/www.iso.org)ASME B30.16-2017Fig. 16-0.1-1 Hand-Chain-Operated Chain Hois

41、t(a) (b)4Fig. 16-0.1-2 Electric-Powered Chain HoistASME B30.16-2017Fig. 16-0.1-3 Air-Powered Chain Hoist5ASME B30.16-2017Fig. 16-0.1-4 Electric-Powered Wire Rope Hoist(a)(b)6ASME B30.16-2017Fig. 16-0.1-5 Air-Powered Wire Rope Hoist7ASME B30.16-2017Fig. 16-0.1-6 Stationary Hoist(a) Base or Deck Mount

42、ed8ASME B30.16-2017Fig. 16-0.1-6 Stationary Hoist (Contd)(b) Wall Mounted9ASME B30.16-2017Fig. 16-0.1-6 Stationary Hoist (Contd)(c) Ceiling Mounted10(17)ASME B30.16-2017Chapter 16-1Marking, Construction, and InstallationSECTION 16-1.1: MARKING16-1.1.1 Rated LoadThe rated load of the hoist shall be m

43、arked on thehoist or its load block and shall be legible from theground or floor.16-1.1.2 Controls(a) Each control actuator of an electric-powered orair-powered hoist shall be marked to indicate the direc-tion of resultant motion.(b) In locations or areas where multipleelectric-powered or air-powere

44、d hoists are used, thearrangement of control actuator markings for directionsof motion on pendant push-button stations and radio-controlled transmitters should be the same for all hoistsin that location or area.16-1.1.3 IdentificationThe hoist shall be marked with manufacturers identi-fication infor

45、mation on a plate or label attached to thehoist, or cast, forged, or stamped on the hoist, as follows:(a) Hand-Chain-Operated Hoist(1) name of manufacturer(2) manufacturers model or serial number(b) Electric-Powered Hoist(1) name of manufacturer(2) manufacturers model or serial number(3) voltage of

46、AC or DC power supply and phaseand frequency of AC power supply(4) full load amperage (FLA)(5) hoist duty service classification per ASMEHST-1 or ASME HST-4, as appropriate(c) Air-Powered Hoist(1) name of manufacturer(2) manufacturers model and serial number(3) rated air pressure(4) hoist duty servi

47、ce classification per ASMEHST-5 or ASME HST-6, as appropriate16-1.1.4 Product Safety Information(a) All hand-chain-operated hoists shall have affixedto the hoist or load block a label or labels displayinginformation concerning operating procedures. The labelor labels shall be in compliance with ANSI

48、 Z535.4, andshall include cautionary language against(1) lifting more than rated load11(2) operating hoist with twisted, kinked, or dam-aged chain(3) operating damaged or malfunctioning hoist(4) lifting people(5) lifting loads over people(6) operating hoist with other than manual power(7) removing o

49、r obscuring label(b) All electric-powered or air-powered hoists shallhave affixed to the hoist, load block, or controls a labelor labels displaying information concerning operatingprocedures. The label or labels shall be in compliancewith ANSI Z535.4, and shall include cautionary lan-guage against(1) lifting more than rated load(2) operating hoist when load is not centeredunder hoist(3) operating hoist with twisted, kinked, or dam-aged chain or rope(4) operating damaged or malfunctioning hoist(5) lifting people(6) lifting loads over people(7) operating a rope hoist