ASME B30 22-2005 Articulating Boom Cranes (B30 22 - 2005)《铰接吊杆起重机》.pdf

1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDArticulating Boom CranesASME B30.22-2005(Revision of ASME B30.22-2000)Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and SlingsCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitte

2、d without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B30.22-2005(Revision of ASME B30.22-2000)ArticulatingBoom CranesSafety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and SlingsAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDThree Park Avenue New York, NY 10016Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under lice

3、nse with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Date of Issuance: December 15, 2005The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2010. There will be no addendaissued to this edition.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concernin

4、g interpretations of technical aspects of thisStandard. Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages athttp:/www.asme.org/codes/ as they are issued, and will also be published within the next editionof the Standard.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Soci

5、ety of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests have had an opp

6、ortunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was madeavailable for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, p

7、roprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicable letters p

8、atent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expresslyadvised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, isentirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affilia

9、ted with industry is not to be interpreted asgovernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations

10、by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2005 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF ME

11、CHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-CONTENTSForeword vCommittee Roster . viIntroduction . viiiSummary of Changes xiChapter 22-0 Sco

12、pe, Definitions, and References . 1Section 22-0.1 Scope of B30.22 . 1Section 22-0.2 Definitions 1Section 22-0.3 Legend for Figs. 12, 13, 14, and 15 . 8Section 22-0.4 Nomenclature for Articulating Cranes . 13Section 22-0.5 References 14Chapter 22-1 Construction and Characteristics 15Section 22-1.1 Lo

13、ad Ratings . 15Section 22-1.2 Boom Lift, Boom Telescoping, and Load Hoist Mechanisms 16Section 22-1.3 Swing Mechanism 16Section 22-1.4 Crane Transport . 16Section 22-1.5 Rope and Reeving Accessories 16Section 22-1.6 Controls 17Section 22-1.7 Installation . 18Section 22-1.8 Construction 18Section 22-

14、1.9 Operating Manual 18Chapter 22-2 Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance . 19Section 22-2.1 Inspection 19Section 22-2.2 Testing . 20Section 22-2.3 Maintenance 20Section 22-2.4 Rope Inspection, Replacement, and Maintenance . 21Chapter 22-3 Operation . 23Section 22-3.1 Qualifications for and Conduct o

15、f Operators and OperatingPractices 23Section 22-3.2 Operating Practices . 24Section 22-3.3 Miscellaneous . 24Figures1 Commercial Truck-Mounted Standard Ground Control . 22 Commercial Truck-Mounted Top Seat Control 33 Commercial Truck-Mounted Remote Control . 44 Stationary Installation . 45 Rail Car

16、Installation . 56 Trailer-Mounted . 57 Traveling Rail Base-Mounted on Trailer 58 Off-Road Vehicle 59 Wheel-Mounted Off-Road Dual Control Station 610 Wheel-Mounted Off-Road Single Control Station . 611 Crawler-Mounted Off-Road Single Control Station . 612 Definitions of Specifications for Articulatin

17、g Cranes 913 Hook Approach . 1214 Elevation Below Horizontal . 1215 Elevation Above Horizontal . 1216 Nomenclature for Articulating Cranes . 13iiiCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-17

18、Danger Zone for Cranes and Lifted Loads Operating Near ElectricalTransmission Lines . 25Table1 Required Clearance for Normal Voltage in Operation Near High VoltagePower Lines and Operation in Transit With No Load and Boom orMast Lowered 26ivCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license

19、with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-FOREWORDThis American National Standard, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, has been developed under the procedures accredited by the AmericanNational Standards

20、Institute (formerly the United States of America Standards Institute). ThisStandard had its beginning in December 1916 when an eight-page Code of Safety Standards forCranes, prepared by an ASME Committee on the Protection of Industrial Workers, was presentedto the annual meeting of the ASME.Meetings

21、 and discussions regarding safety on cranes, derricks, and hoists were held from 1920to 1925, involving the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee, the Association of Iron andSteel Electrical Engineers, the American Museum of Safety, the American Engineering StandardsCommittee (later changed to Amer

22、ican Standards Association and subsequently to the USAStandards Institute), Department of Labor State of New Jersey, Department of Labor andIndustry State of Pennsylvania, and the Locomotive Crane Manufacturers Association. OnJune 11, 1925, the American Engineering Standards Committee approved the A

23、SME Safety CodeCorrelating Committees recommendation and authorized the project with the U.S. Departmentof the Navy, Bureau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors.In March 1926, invitations were issued to 50 organizations to appoint representatives to aSectional Committee. The call for organizatio

24、n of this Sectional Committee was sent out October2, 1926, and the committee organized November 4, 1926, with 57 members representing 29 nationalorganizations. The Safety Code for Cranes, Derricks, and Hoists, ASA B30.2-1943, was createdfrom the eight-page document referred to in the first paragraph

25、. This document was reaffirmedin 1952 and widely accepted as a safety standard.Due to changes in design, advancement in techniques, and general interest of labor and industryin safety, the Sectional Committee, under the joint sponsorship of ASME and the Naval FacilitiesEngineering Command, U.S. Depa

26、rtment of the Navy, was reorganized as an American NationalStandards Committee on January 31, 1962, with 39 members representing 27 national organiza-tions.The format of the previous code was changed so that separate standards (each complete as toconstruction and installation; inspection, testing, a

27、nd maintenance; and operation) will cover thedifferent types of equipment included in the scope of B30.In 1982, the Committee was reorganized as an Accredited Organization Committee, operatingunder procedures developed by the ASME and accredited by the American National StandardsInstitute.This Stand

28、ard presents a coordinated set of rules that may serve as a guide to governmentand other regulatory bodies and municipal authorities responsible for the guarding and inspectionof the equipment falling within its scope. The suggestions leading to accident prevention aregiven both as mandatory and adv

29、isory provisions; compliance with both types may be requiredby employers of their employees.In case of practical difficulties, new developments, or unnecessary hardship, the administrativeor regulatory authority may grant variances from the literal requirements or permit the use ofother devices or m

30、ethods, but only when it is clearly evident that an equivalent degree ofprotection is thereby secured. To secure uniform application and interpretation of this Standard,administrative or regulatory authorities are urged to consult the B30 Committee, in accordancewith the format described in Section

31、III, before rendering decisions on disputed points.This volume of the Standard, which was approved by the B30 Committee and by ASME, wasapproved by ANSI and designated as an American National Standard on September 28, 2005.Safety codes and standards are intended to enhance public safety. Revisions r

32、esult from commit-tee consideration of factors such as technological advances, new data, and changing environmentaland industry needs. Revisions do not imply that previous editions were inadequate.vCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or n

33、etworking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B30 STANDARDS COMMITTEESafety Standards for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSP. S. Zorich, ChairB. D. C

34、losson, Vice ChairJ. D. Wendler, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELN. E. Andrew, Northrop Grumman Ship SystemsW. T. Hargrove, Alternate, Mantech International Corp.R. E. Bluff IV, Gantry Constructors, Inc.R. J. Bolen, ConsultantG. B. Hetherston, Alternate, E. I. DupontA. D. Brown, A. D. Brown, I

35、nc.D. Ritchie, Alternate, The Construction Safety CouncilT. A. Christensen, Alliance of American Insurers/Liberty MutualInsuranceM. W. Mills, Alternate, Liberty Mutual GroupB. D. Closson, Craft Forensic Services, Inc.T. L. Blanton, Alternate, NACB Group, Inc.S. Cloutier, U.S. Department of LaborJ. P

36、. Colletti, John P. Colletti on the loads; on the accelera-tion or speed of the ropes, chains, sheaves, sprockets,or drums; on the type of attachments; on the number,size, and arrangement of sheaves or other parts; on envi-ronmental conditions causing corrosion or wear; and onmany variables that mus

37、t be considered in each individ-ual case. The requirements and recommendations pro-vided in the volumes must be interpreted accordingly,and judgment used in determining their application.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking p

38、ermitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B30.22-2005SUMMARY OF CHANGESFollowing approval by the ASME B30 Committee and ASME, and after public review, ASMEB30.22-2005 was approved by the American National Standards Institute on September 28, 2005.ASME B30.22-2005 includes editorial changes, revisio

39、ns, and corrections identified by a marginnote, (05).Page Location Changeviiix Introduction Revised in its entirety8 Section 22-0.3 Legend for Figs. 12 through 15redesignated as Section 22-0.313 Section 22-0.4 Added14 Section 22-0.5 Former 22-0.3 redesignated and updated18 Section 22-1.9 Added23 22-

40、3.1.2(f) RevisedSPECIAL NOTE:The interpretations to ASME B30.22 are intended in this edition as a separate section for theusers convenience.xiCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-xiiCopy

41、right ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B30.22-2005ARTICULATING BOOM CRANESChapter 22-0Scope, Definitions, and ReferencesSECTION 22-0.1: SCOPE OF B30.22The scope includes only cranes of th

42、e types describedin para. 22-0.2.1, articulated by hydraulic cylinders,which are powered by internal combustion engines orelectric motors and are mounted on a mobile chassis orstationary installation. Frequently, articulating cranesare equipped with a load hoist mechanism to broadentheir versatility

43、. Load hoist mechanisms equippedmachines are covered by this Volume.Some basic machine types within this scope are con-vertible for excavating work and other uses not consid-ered to be lifting service. The requirements of thisVolume are applicable only to such machines when usedas lifting cranes.Exe

44、mptions from this Volume include(a) all units with a maximum rated capacity of 1 tonor less(b) all units with booms constructed of nonconduc-tive-type materials(c) all units equipped with or designed primarily forpersonnel baskets, platforms, ladders, etc.(d) all units when equipped with nonlifting

45、attach-ments(e) all units used in forestry and logging applications(f) telescoping boom cranes that do not articulate(covered under B30.5)(g) scrap and material handlersSECTION 22-0.2: DEFINITIONS22-0.2.1 Types of Articulating Boom Cranescommercial truck-mounted: a crane, consisting of a rotatingmas

46、t, mainframe or base, boom, and one or more opera-tors stations, such as ground controls (Fig. 1), top seatcontrols (Fig. 2), or remote controls (Fig. 3), mounted ona frame attached to a commercial truck chassis, retaininga payload capability whose power source may powerthe crane. The function is to

47、 lift, lower, and swing loadsat various radii.stationary: a crane, consisting of a rotating mast, main-frame or base, and boom, mounted on a stationary struc-ture. The function is to lift, lower, and swing loads atvarious radii from a fixed center of rotation. See Fig. 4.1trailer or rail car-mounted

48、: a crane, consisting of a rotatingmast, mainframe or base, and boom, mounted on atrailer or rail car. The function is to lift, lower, and swingloads at various radii. See Figs. 5 and 6.traveling base-mounted: a crane, consisting of a rotatingmast, boom, mainframe or base, and one or more opera-tors

49、 stations, mounted on a traveling base. The functionis to lift, lower, and swing loads at various radii. SeeFig. 7.wheel- or crawler-mounted (multiple control stations): acrane, consisting of a rotating mast, mainframe or base,operators station, and boom, mounted on an off-roadcarrier equipped with axles, rubber-tired whee