ASME B30 23-2011 Personnel Lifting Systems (B30 23 - 2011)《人员起吊系统》.pdf

1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDPersonnel Lifting SystemsASME B30.23-2011(Revision of ASME B30.23-2005)Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and SlingsASME B30.23-2011(Revision of ASME B30.23-2005)Personnel LiftingSystemsSafety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks,

2、Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and SlingsAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDThree Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 USADate of Issuance: October 6, 2011The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2016. This Standard will becomeeffective 1 year after the Date of Issuance.ASME issues written replie

3、s to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of thisStandard. Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages athttp:/cstools.asme.org as they are issued and will also be included with each edition.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Societ

4、y of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests have had an oppor

5、tunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was madeavailable for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, pro

6、prietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicable letters pat

7、ent, nor assumes any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expresslyadvised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, isentirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliat

8、ed with industry is not to be interpreted asgovernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations b

9、y individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2011 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MEC

10、HANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.CONTENTSForeword ivCommittee Roster . vIntroduction . viiSummary of Changes xChapter 23-0 Scope, Definitions, and References 1Section 23-0.1 Scope of B30.23 . 1Section 23-0.2 Intent of B30.23 . 1Section 23-0.3 Definitions . 1Section 23-0.4 Referen

11、ces 2Chapter 23-1 Construction and Characteristics 4Section 23-1.1 Design . 4Section 23-1.2 Construction . 6Chapter 23-2 Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance . 7Section 23-2.1 Inspection 7Section 23-2.2 Testing . 7Section 23-2.3 Maintenance . 8Chapter 23-3 Operation . 9Section 23-3.1 Personnel 9Sect

12、ion 23-3.2 Practices . 10Mandatory AppendicesI Lifting Personnel Near Electrical Power Lines . 15II Personnel Platform Lift Planning and Authorization Form . 20III Personnel Lift Platform Pre-Lift Inspection 21iiiFOREWORDThis American National Standard, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derrick

13、s, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, has been developed under the procedures accredited by the AmericanNational Standards Institute (ANSI) (formerly the United States of America Standards Institute).This Standard had its beginning in December 1916 when an eight-page Code of Safety Standardsfor Cranes

14、, prepared by an ASME Committee on the Protection of Industrial Workers, waspresented to the annual meeting of the ASME.Meetings and discussions regarding safety on cranes, derricks, and hoists were held from 1920to 1925, involving the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee, the Association of Iron

15、andSteel Electrical Engineers, the American Museum of Safety, the American Engineering StandardsCommittee (later changed to American Standards Association and subsequently to the USAStandards Institute), Department of Labor State of New Jersey, Department of Labor andIndustry State of Pennsylvania,

16、and the Locomotive Crane Manufacturers Association. OnJune 11, 1925, the American Engineering Standards Committee approved the ASME Safety CodeCorrelating Committees recommendation and authorized the project with the U.S. Departmentof the Navy, Bureau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors.In Marc

17、h 1926, invitations were issued to 50 organizations to appoint representatives to aSectional Committee. The call for organization of this Sectional Committee was sent out October2, 1926, and the committee organized November 4, 1926, with 57 members representing 29 nationalorganizations. The Safety C

18、ode for Cranes, Derricks, and Hoists, ASA B30.2-1943, was createdfrom the eight-page document referred to in the first paragraph. This document was reaffirmedin 1952 and widely accepted as a safety standard.Due to changes in design, advancement in techniques, and general interest of labor and indust

19、ryin safety, the Sectional Committee, under the joint sponsorship of ASME and the Naval FacilitiesEngineering Command, U.S. Department of the Navy, was reorganized as an American NationalStandards Committee on January 31, 1962, with 39 members representing 27 nationalorganizations.The format of the

20、previous code was changed so that separate volumes (each complete as toconstruction and installation; inspection, testing, and maintenance; and operation) would coverthe different types of equipment included in the scope of B30.In 1982, the Committee was reorganized as an Accredited Organization Com

21、mittee, operatingunder procedures developed by ASME and accredited by ANSI.This Standard presents a coordinated set of rules that may serve as a guide to governmentand other regulatory bodies and municipal authorities responsible for the guarding and inspectionof the equipment falling within its sco

22、pe. The suggestions leading to accident prevention aregiven both as mandatory and advisory provisions; compliance with both types may be requiredby employers of their employees.In case of practical difficulties, new developments, or unnecessary hardship, the administrativeor regulatory authority may

23、 grant variances from the literal requirements or permit the use ofother devices or methods but only when it is clearly evident that an equivalent degree of protectionis thereby secured. To secure uniform application and interpretation of this Standard, administra-tive or regulatory authorities are

24、urged to consult the B30 Committee, in accordance with theformat described in Section IX, before rendering decisions on disputed points.This Volume of the Standard, which was approved by the B30 Committee and ASME, wasapproved by ANSI and designated as an American National Standard on August 26, 201

25、1.Safety codes and standards are intended to enhance public safety. Revisions result from commit-tee consideration of factors, such as technological advances, new data, and changing environmen-tal and industry needs. Revisions do not imply that previous editions were inadequate.ivASME B30 COMMITTEES

26、afety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSP. S. Zorich, ChairR. M. Parnell, Vice ChairK. M. Hyam, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELN. E. Andre

27、w, ThyssenKrupp Steel USA, LLCT. L. Blanton, NACB Group, Inc.R. E. Bluff IV, Gantry Constructors, Inc.P. A. Boeckman, The Crosby Group, Inc.R. J. Bolen, E. I. DuPontA. D. Brown, A. D. Brown Co.M. E. Brunet, The Manitowoc Co.T. A. Christensen, Liberty Mutual Insurance Co.M. W. Mills, Alternate, Liber

28、ty Mutual Insurance Co.B. D. Closson, Craft Forensic Services, Inc.B. Pickett, Alternate, Forensic Engineering lift director; management; personnel liftauthorizer; and site supervisor addedSection 23-0.4 Revised4, 5 23-1.1.1 Subparagraphs (b)(2) and (b)(8) revised6 23-1.2.2 (1) First paragraph revis

29、ed(2) Subparagraph (g) added7, 8 Section 23-2.1 Revised23-2.2.1 Revised23-2.3.1 Subparagraphs (a) and (a)(1) revised912 23-3.1.1 Revised23-3.1.2 Revised23-3.2.1 Revised23-3.2.2 Revised23-3.2.3 Subparagraph (b) revised21 Mandatory Appendix III Title below signature line revisedSPECIAL NOTE:The interp

30、retations to ASME B30.23 are included in this edition as a separate section for theusers convenience.x(11)(11)ASME B30.23-2011PERSONNEL LIFTING SYSTEMSChapter 23-0Scope, Definitions, and ReferencesSECTION 23-0.1: SCOPE OF B30.23Within the general scope defined in Section I,ASME B30.23 may apply to h

31、oisting and accessoryequipment covered within certain Volumes of theASME B30 Standard, which is used to lift, lower, hold,or transport personnel in a platform, by wire rope orchain, from hoist equipment, or by a platform that ismounted on a boom of the hoist equipment. The liftingof personnel is not

32、 allowed using some ASME B30Standard equipment. The ASME B30 Standardaddressing the hoisting equipment to be used shall beconsulted for the applicability of the ASME B30.23volume.SECTION 23-0.2: INTENT OF B30.23ThisVolumeestablishesthedesigncriteria,equipmentcharacteristics, and operational procedur

33、es that arerequired when hoisting equipment within the scope ofthe ASME B30 Standard is used to lift personnel.Hoisting equipment defined by the ASME B30 Standardis intended for material handling. It is not designed,manufactured, or intended to meet the standards forpersonnel handling equipment, suc

34、h as ANSI/SIA A92(Aerial Platforms). The equipment and implementationrequirements listed in this Volume are not the same asthat established for using equipment specificallydesigned and manufactured for lifting personnel.Hoisting equipment complying with the applicableVolumes of the ASME B30 Standard

35、 shall not be used tolift or lower personnel unless there are no less hazardousalternatives to providing access to the area where workis to be performed. The lifting or lowering of personnelusing ASME B30-compliant hoisting equipment is pro-hibited unless all applicable requirements of this volumeha

36、ve been met.SECTION 23-0.3: DEFINITIONSanti-two-block device: adevicethat,whenactivated,disen-gages all hoisting equipment functions whose move-ment can cause two-blocking.1attachment point(s): the place(s) on a boom or a personnelplatform that is used to connect either the platform tothe boom or to

37、 a suspension system.boom: a hinged structural member of hoisting equipmentused for supporting the hoisting tackle and load.brake: a device used for retarding or stopping motion.brake, automatic: a device that retards or stops motion,without actuation by the operator, when specific equip-ment operat

38、ional parameters are met.certified welder: a person holding a current certificate, forthe type of weld being applied, as proof that qualifiedtest welds have been performed and passed in accor-dance with the American Welding Society or AmericanSociety of Mechanical Engineers criteria.design factor: t

39、he ratio of the ultimate strength of a mate-rial to its working (unit) stress, unless defined otherwisein the text of this Volume, for specific applications.designated person: a person who is selected or assignedby the employer or employers representative as beingcompetent to perform specific duties

40、.ground crew: those individuals who are involved in thepersonnel lift, other than the hoisting equipment opera-tor and platform occupants. These individuals includeriggers, signal persons, and supervision.handrail: a member supported on brackets to furnishsupport to platform occupants during lifting

41、 operations.hoisting equipment: a machine for lifting and lowering aload and moving it horizontally. The machine may befixed or mobile and be driven manually, by power, orby a combination of both. As used in this Volume, theterm covers all types of lifting machines addressed bythe applicable Volumes

42、 of the ASME B30 Standard andused to lift, lower, or transport personnel.hoisting equipment operator: a person who directly con-trols the hoisting equipments functions.intermediate rail: the middle member of a barrier alongthe edges of a platform, located approximately one-halfthe distance between t

43、he platform floor and top rail.ASME B30.23-2011latch, hook: a device used to bridge or close the throatopening of a hook for the purpose of preventing attach-ments from being dislodged.lift director: a person who directly oversees the workbeing performed by the hoisting equipment and theassociated g

44、round crew.lifting, personnel: raising, lowering, or transporting per-sonnel using hoisting equipment covered by theASME B30 Standard.live boom: a boom whose lowering is controlled by abrake without the aid of other lowering retardingdevices (free-fall capable).live load line: a load line whose lowe

45、ring is controlledby a brake without the aid of other lowering retardingdevices (free-fall capable).load, rated: capacity orrating establishedby themanufac-turer or a qualified person for a stipulated hoistingequipment configuration.load, working: the external load applied to the hoistingequipment,

46、including the personnel lifting platform, itscontents, and the load-attaching equipment, such aslower load block, shackles, and slings.load ratings: a set of rated loads for stipulated hoistingequipment configurations and operating conditions.management: the owner or user responsible for ensuringthe

47、 safety of the personnel lifting system.nondestructive test (NDT): visual inspection coupled withany one of the following techniques: radiographic, mag-netic particle, liquid die penetrant, or ultrasonic.occupant, platform: a person who is within the guardrailbarrier while the personnel platform is

48、in a hoistedposition.outriggers: extendable or fixed members attached to themounting base, which rest on supports at the outer ends,used to support the hoisting equipment.personnel lift authorizer: a person designated by manage-ment to verify compliance with the provisions of thisVolume.platform, pe

49、rsonnel boom attached: platform attached tothe boom of the hoist equipment.platform, personnel suspended: platform attached tohoisting equipment using wire rope, chain, or jointedattachment and that has no installed motion controlsfor the platform itself.platform, rating: the maximum capacity of a personnellifting platform, established by the platform manufac-turer, in terms of weight and number of occupantsallowable.power controlled lowering: a system or device in the powertrain, other than the load hoist brake, that can regulatethe lowering rate of speed of the load hoist