ASME B30 25-2007 Scrap and Material Handlers (B30 25 - 2007)《废料和物料装卸搬运设备》.pdf

1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDScrap and Material HandlersASME B30.25-2007(Revision of ASME B30.25-2003)Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and SlingsCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking perm

2、itted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B30.25-2007(Revision of ASME B30.25-2003)Scrap andMaterialHandlersSafety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and SlingsAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDThree Park Avenue New York, NY 10016Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS unde

3、r license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Date of Issuance: September 3, 2007The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2010. There will be no addendaissued to this edition.ASME issues written replies to inquiries co

4、ncerning interpretations of technical aspects of thisStandard. Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages athttp:/cstools.asme.org as they are issued, and will also be published within the next edition of theStandard.ASME is the registered trademark of The American

5、Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests have had an

6、 opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was madeavailable for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, constructio

7、n, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicable lette

8、rs patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expresslyadvised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, isentirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) aff

9、iliated with industry is not to be interpreted asgovernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretati

10、ons by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2007 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY O

11、F MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-CONTENTSForeword ivCommittee Roster . vB30 Standard Introduction . viiSummary of Changes x

12、Chapter 25-0 Scope, Definitions, and References 1Section 25-0.1 Scope of B30.25 . 1Section 25-0.2 Definitions . 1Section 25-0.3 References 7Chapter 25-1 Construction and Characteristics 11Section 25-1.1 Lift Capacity . 11Section 25-1.2 Backward Stability 11Section 25-1.3 Swing Mechanism 12Section 25

13、-1.4 Handler Travel . 12Section 25-1.5 Controls 12Section 25-1.6 Cabs . 13Section 25-1.7 General Requirements 16Section 25-1.8 Electrical Equipment 17Section 25-1.9 Instruction Manuals 18Chapter 25-2 Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance . 19Section 25-2.1 Inspection 19Section 25-2.2 Testing . 20Sect

14、ion 25-2.3 Maintenance . 20Chapter 25-3 Operation . 22Section 25-3.1 Qualifications for and Conduct of Operators and Operating Practices 22Section 25-3.2 Handling the Load . 22Section 25-3.3 Signals . 23Section 25-3.4 Miscellaneous 23Figures1 Crawler-Mounted Handler 22 Pedestal-Mounted Handler 33 Ra

15、il-Mounted Handler 44 Wheel-Mounted Handler (Multiple Control Stations) 55 Wheel-Mounted Handler (Single Control Station) 66 Two-Piece Front 87 Three-Piece Front . 98 Wheel-Mounted Handler Primary Travel Control Diagram 149 Track-Mounted Handler Primary Travel Control Diagram . 1410 Primary Front Co

16、ntrols Three-Piece Fronts 1511 Primary Front Controls Two-Piece Fronts . 1512 Material Handler Hand Signals . 24Table1 Required Clearance for Normal Voltage in Operation Near High VoltagePower Lines 27iiiCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproducti

17、on or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-FOREWORDThis American National Standard, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, has been developed under the procedures accredited by the AmericanNational Standards Institute (formerly the United State

18、s of America Standards Institute). ThisStandard had its beginning in December 1916 when an eight-page Code of Safety Standards forCranes, prepared by an ASME Committee on the Protection of Industrial Workers, was presentedto the annual meeting of the ASME.Meetings and discussions regarding safety on

19、 cranes, derricks, and hoists were held from 1920to 1925, involving: the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee, the Association of Iron andSteel Electrical Engineers, the American Museum of Safety, the American Engineering StandardsCommittee (later changed to American Standards Association and subs

20、equently to the USAStandards Institute), Department of Labor State of New Jersey, Department of Labor andIndustry State of Pennsylvania, and the Locomotive Crane Manufacturers Association. OnJune 11, 1925, the American Engineering Standards Committee approved the ASME Safety CodeCorrelating Committe

21、es recommendation and authorized the project, with the U.S. Departmentof the Navy, Bureau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors.In March 1926, invitations were issued to 50 organizations to appoint representatives to aSectional Committee. The call for organization of this Sectional Committee was

22、sent out October2,1926,andthecommitteeorganizedNovember4,1926,with57membersrepresenting29nationalorganizations. The Safety Code for Cranes, Derricks, and Hoists, ASA B30.2-1943, was createdfrom the eight-page document referred to in the first paragraph. This document was reaffirmedin 1952 and widely

23、 accepted as a safety standard.Duetochangesindesign,advancementintechniques,andgeneralinterestoflaborandindustryin safety, the Sectional Committee, under the joint sponsorship of ASME and the Naval FacilitiesEngineering Command, U.S. Department of the Navy, was reorganized as an American NationalSta

24、ndards Committee on January 31, 1962, with 39 members representing 27 nationalorganizations.The format of the previous code was changed so that separate standards (each complete as toconstruction and installation; inspection, testing, and maintenance; and operation) will cover thedifferent types of

25、equipment included in the scope of B30.In 1982, the Committee was reorganized as an Accredited Organization Committee, operatingunder procedures developed by the ASME and accredited by the American National StandardsInstitute.This Standard presents a coordinated set of rules that may serve as a guid

26、e to governmentandotherregulatorybodiesandmunicipalauthoritiesresponsiblefortheguardingandinspectionof the equipment falling within its scope. The suggestions leading to accident prevention aregiven both as mandatory and advisory provisions; compliance with both types may be requiredby employers of

27、their employees.In case of practical difficulties, new developments, or unnecessary hardship, the administrativeor regulatory authority may grant variances from the literal requirements or permit the use ofother devices or methods, but only when it is clearly evident that an equivalent degree ofprot

28、ection is thereby secured. To secure uniform application and interpretation of this Standard,administrative or regulatory authorities are urged to consult the B30 Committee, in accordancewith the format described in Section IX, before rendering decisions on disputed points.This Volume of the Standar

29、d, which was approved by the B30 Committee and by ASME, wasapproved by ANSI and designated as an American National Standard on July 19, 2007.Safetycodesandstandardsareintendedtoenhancepublicsafety.Revisionsresultfromcommit-teeconsiderationoffactorssuchastechnologicaladvances,newdata,andchangingenvir

30、onmentaland industry needs. Revisions do not imply that previous editions were inadequate.ivCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B30 COMMITTEESafety Standard for Cableways, Cranes,

31、 Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSP. S. Zorich, ChairB. D. Closson, Vice ChairJ. D. Wendler, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELN. E. Andrew, Northrop Grumman Ship SystemsW.

32、 T. Hargrove, Alternate, Mantech International Corp.R. E. Bluff IV, Gantry Constructors, Inc.R. J. Bolen, ConsultantG. B. Hetherston, Alternate, E. I. DuPontA. D. Brown, A. D. Brown, Inc.M. E. Brunet, Manitowoc Crane GroupT. A. Christensen, Alliance of American Insurers/Liberty MutualInsuranceM. W.

33、Mills, Alternate, Liberty Mutual GroupB. D. Closson, Craft Forensic Services, Inc.T. L. Blanton, Alternate, NACB Group, Inc.J. P. Colletti, John P. Colletti Order Department: 22 Law Drive,P.O. Box 2300, Fairfield, NJ 07007-2300ISO 3450-1996, Earth Moving Machinery BrakingSystems of Rubber-Tired Mach

34、ines Systems andPerformance Requirements and Test ProceduresISO 10265-1998, Earth Moving Machinery CrawlerMachines Performance and Test Criteria for BrakeSystemsPublisher: International Organization for Standardiza-tion (ISO), 1 ch. de la Voie-Creuse, Case postale 56,CH-1211 Geneve 20, Switzerland/S

35、uisseSAE J185-1988, Access Systems for Off-Road MachinesSAEJ369-2003,FlammabilityofPolymericInteriorMate-rials Horizontal Test MethodSAE J386-1997, Operator Restraint System for Off-RoadWork MachinesSAE J898-2003, Control Locations for Off-Road WorkMachines10SAE J925-1993, Minimum Service Access Dim

36、ensionsfor Off-Road MachinesSAE J1309-2003, Travel Performance and RatingProcedure, Crawler Mounted Hydraulic Excavators,Material Handlers, Knuckle Boom Log Loaders, andCertain Forestry EquipmentSAEJ1356-1988(R2002),PerformanceCriteriaforFallingObject Guards for ExcavatorsSAE J1362-1997, Graphical S

37、ymbols for OperatorControls and Displays on Off-Road Self-PropelledWork MachinesSAEJ1446-2003,On-MachineAlarmTestandEvaluationProcedure for Construction and General PurposeIndustrial MachinerySAE J1814-1993, Operator Controls Off-RoadMachinesSAE J2518-2003, Lift Capacity Calculation Method,Scrap and

38、 Material HandlersPublisher: Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE),400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096United States Safety Appliance Standards and PowerBrakes Requirements (January 1973), RevisedSeptember 1977, Federal Railroad Administration,D.O.T. Standards U.S. Department of Transpor-tat

39、ionPublisher: Superintendent of Documents, U.S.Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-(07)(07)ASME B30.25-2007Chapter 25-1Construction and

40、CharacteristicsSECTION 25-1.1: LIFT CAPACITY25-1.1.1 Lift Capacity Calculation and VerificationLift capacities for handlers shall be calculated andverified as prescribed in SAE J2518 and in accordancewith the conditions and limitations given on the liftcapacity chart. Lift capacities shall be determ

41、ined withthe handler as equipped and outfitted by the manufac-turerorassembler/modifierwithallauxiliaryandancil-lary equipment included as specified on the liftcapacity chart.25-1.1.2 Lift Capacity ChartA durable rating chart(s) with legible letters and fig-ures shall be provided with each handler a

42、nd attachedin a location accessible to the operator while at the con-trols.TheliftcapacitychartsshallconformtoSAEJ2518,but can be in U.S. Customary units (pounds and feet)with a minimum of 5 ft grid increments.25-1.1.3 Rated Lift CapacityThe rated lift capacities for handlers shall be definedas in S

43、AE J2518 and shall be determined by taking apercentage of the theoretical lift capacity, limited byhydraulic or stability considerations, whichever is less.Thehandlerliftcapacitiesshallnotexceedthefollowingpercentages for handlers as defined below.Type of Handler Lift CapacityMounting or Limiting Co

44、ndition Rating, %All hydraulic 87Stability, over side, front, and rearCrawler handler 75Wheel-mounted handler, with or without 75outriggersOutriggers fully extended and fully support- 75ing the weight of the handler and theloadRail-mounted handlerwithout stabilizers extended 85with stabilizers fully

45、 extended 80SECTION 25-1.2: BACKWARD STABILITY25-1.2.1 Backward StabilityIn those instances where it may be desired to removethe front for transportation or maintenance, backwardstability criteria have been established as defined in thefollowing paragraphs. Where backward stabilities are11not in com

46、pliance with the criteria, the manufactureror assembler/modifier shall install safety signs in theoperators cab alerting the operator and maintenancepersonnel of the hazards involved in removing the frontorplacing thehandler inan unstableposition.The signsshall include the appropriate signal word(s)

47、 accordingto ANSI Z535.4, and the wording on the sign shall alsobe included in the operators manual. The manufactureror assembler/modifier shall also state whether theunsafe condition occurs when the upper is positionedover the side, front, or rear of the base.The general conditions for determinatio

48、n of the back-ward stability margin, applicable to all handlers, are asfollows:(a) handler to be equipped for operation with therecommended front(b) front positioned to impose a minimum forwardoverturning moment(c) handler to be unloaded and without grapple ormagnet(d) outriggers or stabilizers (if

49、provided) fullyretracted and stored in their travel position(e) handler to be standing on a firm level supportingsurface; rail-mounted handlers to be standing on alevel track(f) operating weight and conditions as specified inSAE J2417(g) handler equipped with the specified counter-weight25-1.2.2 Backward Stability Conditions With FrontInstalledThe following shall be acceptable backward