ASME B30 27-2005 Material Placement Systems (B30 27 - 2005)《材料放置系统》.pdf

1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDMaterial Placement SystemsASME B30.27-2005Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, DerricksHoists, Hooks, Jacks, and SlingsCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-

2、,-ASME B30.27-2005Material Placement SystemsSafety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and SlingsThree Park Avenue New York, NY 10016AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networki

3、ng permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Date of Issuance: October 22, 2005The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2010. There will be no addenda issuedto this edition.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of this Stan-dar

4、d. Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages at http:/www.asme.org/codes/ as they are issued, and will also be published within the next edition of the Standard.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard w

5、as developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American National Stan-dards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals from com-petent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or s

6、tandard was made avail-able for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not

7、take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any itemsmentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability for infringe-ment of any applicable letters patent, nor assume any such liability. Users

8、 of a code or standard are expressly advisedthat determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely theirown responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted

9、as gov-ernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document m

10、ay be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2005 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrin

11、ted in U.S.A.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-CONTENTSForeword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12、. . . . . ivCommittee Roster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vB30 Standard Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viiChapter 27-0 Scope, Definit

13、ions, and References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Section 27-0.1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Section 27-0.2 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Section 27-0.3 Reference to Other Codes and Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Section 27-0.4 Illustrative Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Chapter 27-1 Construction and Instal

15、lation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Section 27-1.1 Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Section 27-1.2 Mobile Material Placing Boom Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16、. . 4Section 27-1.3 Work Platforms, Access Walkways, and Gangways . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Section 27-1.4 Electrical Installations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Section 27-1.5 Ergonomics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Section 27-1.6 Outriggers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Section 27-1.7 Controls and Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Section 27-1

18、.8 Guards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Section 27-1.9 Mobile and Stationary Placing Booms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Section 27-1.10 Delivery Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Section 27-1.11 Loss of Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Section 27-1.12 Remote Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Section 27-

20、1.13 Manuals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Section 27-1.14 Fuel and Exhaust Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Chapter 27-2 Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance . . . . . . . . .

21、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Section 27-2.1 Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7Section 27-2.2 Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8Sectio

22、n 27-2.3 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Chapter 27-3 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Section 27-3.1 Qualifications for and Conduct of Operators

23、and Operating Practices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Section 27-3.2 Material Placement System Lockout/Tag Out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Section 27-3.3 Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

24、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Figures1Material Placement System: Truck-Mounted Concrete Pump With Integrated Placing Boom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Material Placement System: Separate Placing Boom . . . . . .

25、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23Material Placement System: Truck-Mounted Telescopic Conveyor System . . . . . . . . . . 34Material Placement System: Examples of Delivery System Components . . . . . . . . . . . 35Area of Extended Outriggers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

26、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136Danger Zone for Material Placement Systems and Delivery System Operating Near Electrical Transmission Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147Material Placement System Hand Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27、. . . . . . . . . . . . . 15Table1 Minimum Required Clearances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14iiiCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IH

28、S-,-,-FOREWORDThis American National Standard, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, has been developed under the procedures accredited by the AmericanNational Standards Institute (formerly the United States of America Standards Institute). ThisStandard ha

29、d its beginning in December 1916 when an eight-page Code of Safety Standards forCranes, prepared by an ASME Committee on the Protection of Industrial Workers, was presentedto the annual meeting of the ASME.Meetings and discussions regarding safety on cranes, derricks, and hoists were held from 1920t

30、o 1925, involving the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee, the Association of Iron andSteel Electrical Engineers, the American Museum of Safety, the American Engineering StandardsCommittee (later changed to American Standards Association and subsequently to the USA Stan-dards Institute), Departme

31、nt of Labor State of New Jersey, Department of Labor and Industry State of Pennsylvania, and the Locomotive Crane Manufacturers Association. On June 11, 1925,the American Engineering Standards Committee approved the ASME Safety Code CorrelatingCommittees recommendation and authorized the project wit

32、h the U.S. Department of the Navy,Bureau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors.In March 1926, invitations were issued to 50 organizations to appoint representatives to a Sec-tional Committee. The call for organization of this Sectional Committee was sent out October 2,1926, and the committee orga

33、nized November 4, 1926, with 57 members representing 29 nationalorganizations. The Safety Code for Cranes, Derricks, and Hoists, ASA B30.2-1943, was createdfrom the eight-page document referred to in the first paragraph. This document was reaffirmedin 1952 and widely accepted as a safety standard.Du

34、e to changes in design, advancement in techniques, and general interest of labor and in-dustry in safety, the Sectional Committee, under the joint sponsorship of ASME and the NavalFacilities Engineering Command, U.S. Department of the Navy, was reorganized as an Ameri-can National Standards Committe

35、e on January 31, 1962, with 39 members representing 27 na-tional organizations.The format of the previous code was changed so that separate standards (each complete as toconstruction and installation; inspection, testing, and maintenance; and operation) would coverthe different types of equipment in

36、cluded in the scope of B30.In 1982, the Committee was reorganized as an Accredited Organization Committee, operatingunder procedures developed by the ASME and accredited by the American National StandardsInstitute.This Standard presents a coordinated set of rules that may serve as a guide to governm

37、ent andother regulatory bodies and municipal authorities responsible for the guarding and inspection ofthe equipment falling within its scope. The suggestions leading to accident prevention are givenboth as mandatory and advisory provisions; compliance with both types may be required by em-ployers o

38、f their employees.In case of practical difficulties, new developments, or unnecessary hardship, the administra-tive or regulatory authority may grant variances from the literal requirements or permit the useof other devices or methods, but only when it is clearly evident that an equivalent degree of

39、 pro-tection is thereby secured. To secure uniform application and interpretation of this Standard, ad-ministrative or regulatory authorities are urged to consult the B30 Committee, in accordance withthe format described in Section III, before rendering decisions on disputed points.This volume of th

40、e Standard, which was approved by the B30 Committee and by ASME, wasapproved by ANSI and designated as an American National Standard on August 29, 2005.Safety codes and standards are intended to enhance public safety. Revisions result from com-mittee consideration of factors such as technological ad

41、vances, new data, and changing environ-mental and industry needs. Revisions do not imply that previous editions were inadequate.ivCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B30 STANDARDS

42、 COMMITTEESafety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and Slings(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSP. S. Zorich, ChairB. D. Closson, Vice ChairJ. D. Wendler, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSO

43、NNELvN. E. Andrew, Northrop Grumman Ship SystemsW. T. Hargrove, Alternate, Mantech International Corp.R. E. Bluff IV, Gantry Constructors, Inc.R. J. Bolen, ConsultantG. B. Hetherston, Alternate, E. I. DupontA. D. Brown, A. D. Brown, Inc.D. Ritchie, Alternate, The Construction Safety CouncilT. A. Chr

44、istensen, Alliance of American Insurers/Liberty Mutual InsuranceM. W. Mills, Alternate, Liberty Mutual GroupB. D. Closson, Craft Forensic Services, Inc.T. L. Blanton, Alternate, NACB Group, Inc.S. Cloutier, U.S. Department of LaborJ. P. Colletti, John P. Colletti the loads; the acceleration orspeed

45、of the ropes, chains, sheaves, sprockets, or drums;the type of attachments; the number, size, and arrange-ment of sheaves or other parts; environmental condi-tions causing corrosion or wear; and many variables that must be considered in each individual case. Therules given in the Standard must be in

46、terpreted ac-cordingly, and judgment must be used in determiningtheir application.1 B30.24 and B30.28 are in the developmental stage.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-The Standards C

47、ommittee will be glad to receive crit-icisms of this Standards requirements and suggestionsfor its improvement, especially those based on actual ex-perience in application of the rules.Suggestions for changes to the Standard should besubmitted to the Secretary of the B30 Committee,ASME, Three Park A

48、venue, New York, NY 10016-5990,and should be in accordance with the following for-mat:(a) Cite the specific paragraph designation of the per-tinent volume.(b) Indicate the suggested change (addition, deletion,revision, etc.).(c) Briefly state the reason and/or evidence for thesuggested change.(d) Su

49、bmit suggested changes to more than one para-graph in the order that the paragraphs appear in the vol-ume.The B30 Committee will consider each suggestedchange in a timely manner in accordance with its pro-cedures.SECTION I: SCOPE OF B30 STANDARDThis Standard applies to the construction, installation,operation, inspection, maintenance, and safe use of jacks;power-operated cranes, monorails, and crane runways;power