ASME B30 5-2011 Mobile and Locomotive Cranes (B30 5 - 2011)《汽车起重机和机车起重机》.pdf

1、Mobile andLocomotiveCranesSafety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and SlingsAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDASME B30.5-2011(Revision of ASME B30.5-2007)Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitt

2、ed without license from IHS-,-,-Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B30.5-2011(Revision of ASME B30.5-2007)Mobile andLocomotiveCranesSafety Standard for Cableways, Cranes,Derricks

3、, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, andSlingsAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDThree Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 USACopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Date of Issuance: January 17, 2012The next edi

4、tion of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2014. This Standard will becomeeffective 1 year after the Date of Issuance.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of thisStandard. Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Comm

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7、e appropriate Committee Page after selecting “Errata” in the “PublicationInformation” section.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The S

8、tandards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was madeavailable for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public

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12、pretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission

13、 of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2012 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction

14、or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-CONTENTSForeword vCommittee Roster . viiB30 Standard Introduction . ixSummary of Changes xiiChapter 5-0 Scope, Definitions, and References 1Section 5-0.1 Scope of B30.5 1Section 5-0.2 Definitions 1Section 5-0.3 References 7Chapter 5-1 Construction

15、 and Characteristics 8Section 5-1.1 Load Ratings . 8Section 5-1.2 Stability (Backward and Forward) . 9Section 5-1.3 Boom Hoist, Load Hoist, and Telescoping Boom Mechanisms . 14Section 5-1.4 Swing Mechanism 15Section 5-1.5 Crane Travel 15Section 5-1.6 Controls 15Section 5-1.7 Ropes and Reeving Access

16、ories 18Section 5-1.8 Cabs 19Section 5-1.9 General Requirements . 20Section 5-1.10 Structural Performance 21Section 5-1.11 Cranes Used for Other Than Lifting Service 22Chapter 5-2 Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance 23Section 5-2.1 Inspection General . 23Section 5-2.2 Testing . 24Section 5-2.3 Main

17、tenance 25Section 5-2.4 Rope Inspection, Replacement, and Maintenance . 25Chapter 5-3 Operation 28Section 5-3.1 Qualifications and Responsibilities . 28Section 5-3.2 Operating Practices . 32Section 5-3.3 Signals . 35Section 5-3.4 Miscellaneous . 38Figures5-0.2.1-1 Commercial Truck-Mounted Crane Tele

18、scoping Boom . 15-0.2.1-2 Commercial Truck-Mounted Crane Nontelescoping Boom . 25-0.2.1-3 Crawler Crane 25-0.2.1-4 Crawler Crane Telescoping Boom . 25-0.2.1-5 Locomotive Crane 35-0.2.1-6 Wheel-Mounted Crane (Multiple Control Stations) . 35-0.2.1-7 Wheel-Mounted Crane Telescoping Boom (MultipleContro

19、l Stations) 45-0.2.1-8 Wheel-Mounted Crane (Single Control Station) 45-0.2.1-9 Wheel-Mounted Crane Telescoping Boom (SingleControl Station, Rotating) . 45-0.2.1-10 Wheel-Mounted Crane Telescoping Boom (SingleControl Station, Fixed) 55-1.1.3-1 Work Areas . 105-1.6.1-1 Telescopic Boom Crane Control Di

20、agram 165-1.6.1-2 Nontelescopic Boom Crane Control Diagram . 17iiiCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-5-1.7.3-1 Dead Ending Rope in a Socket 195-2.4.2-1 Core Failure in 19 H11547 7 Rot

21、ation-Resistant Rope 265-3.2.1.5-1 Examples of Typical Unequal Outrigger Extension Positions 345-3.3.4-1 Standard Hand Signals for Controlling Crane Operations 365-3.4.5.1-1 Danger Zone for Cranes and Lifted Loads Operating NearElectrical Transmission Lines 40Tables5-1.1.1-1 Crane Load Ratings . 85-

22、3.4.5.1-1 Required Clearance for Normal Voltage in Operation NearHigh-Voltage Power Lines and Operation in Transit With NoLoad and Boom or Mast Lowered . 42Nonmandatory AppendixA Critical Lifts 43ivCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or

23、networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-FOREWORDThis American National Standard, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, has been developed under the procedures accredited by the AmericanNational Standards Institute (formerly the United States of A

24、merica Standards Institute). ThisStandard had its beginning in December 1916 when an eight-page Code of Safety Standards forCranes, prepared by an ASME Committee on the Protection of Industrial Workers, was presentedto the annual meeting of the ASME.Meetings and discussions regarding safety on crane

25、s, derricks, and hoists were held from 1920to 1925, involving the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee, the Association of Iron andSteel Electrical Engineers, the American Museum of Safety, the American Engineering StandardsCommittee (later changed to American Standards Association and subsequentl

26、y to the USAStandards Institute), Department of Labor State of New Jersey, Department of Labor andIndustry State of Pennsylvania, and the Locomotive Crane Manufacturers Association. OnJune 11, 1925, the American Engineering Standards Committee approved the ASME Safety CodeCorrelating Committees reco

27、mmendation and authorized the project with the U.S. Departmentof the Navy, Bureau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors.In March 1926, invitations were issued to 50 organizations to appoint representatives to aSectional Committee. The call for organization of this Sectional Committee was sent out

28、October 2, 1926, and the committee organized November 4, 1926, with 57 members representing29 national organizations. The Safety Code for Cranes, Derricks, and Hoists, ASA B30.2-1943,was created from the eight-page document referred to in the first paragraph. This document wasreaffirmed in 1952 and

29、widely accepted as a safety standard.Due to changes in design, advancement in techniques, and general interest of labor and industryin safety, the Sectional Committee, under the joint sponsorship of ASME and the Naval FacilitiesEngineering Command, U.S. Department of the Navy, was reorganized as an

30、American NationalStandards Committee on January 31, 1962, with 39 members representing 27 nationalorganizations.The format of the previous code was changed so that separate volumes (each complete as toconstruction and installation; inspection, testing, and maintenance; and operation) would coverthe

31、different types of equipment included in the scope of B30.In 1982, the Committee was reorganized as an Accredited Organization Committee, operatingunder procedures developed by ASME and accredited by the American National StandardsInstitute.This Standard presents a coordinated set of rules that may

32、serve as a guide to governmentand other regulatory bodies and municipal authorities responsible for the guarding and inspectionof the equipment falling within its scope. The suggestions leading to accident prevention aregiven both as mandatory and advisory provisions; compliance with both types may

33、be requiredby employers of their employees.In case of practical difficulties, new developments, or unnecessary hardship, the administrativeor regulatory authority may grant variances from the literal requirements or permit the use ofother devices or methods, but only when it is clearly evident that

34、an equivalent degree ofprotection is thereby secured. To secure uniform application and interpretation of this Standard,administrative or regulatory authorities are urged to consult the B30 Committee, in accordancewith the format described in Section IX of the Introduction, before rendering decision

35、s on disputedpoints.Safety codes and standards are intended to enhance public safety. Revisions result from commit-tee consideration of factors such as technological advances, new data, and changing environmentaland industry needs. Revisions do not imply that previous editions were inadequate.The AS

36、ME B30.5-2007 edition added Responsibilities to be assigned in the work site organiza-tion. This edition of the ASME B30.5 Standard includes minor revisions and the addition of theNonmandatory Appendix A on Critical Lifts.vCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for

37、ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Suggestions for the improvement of this Volume of the Standard are welcome. They should beaddressed to The American Society of Mechanical Engineers; Secretary, B30 Standards Committee;Three Park Avenue; New York, NY 10016-599

38、0.This Volume of the Standard, which was approved by the B30 Committee and by ASME, wasapproved by ANSI and designated as an American National Standard on December 5, 2011.viCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted wit

39、hout license from IHS-,-,-ASME B30 COMMITTEESafety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSP. S. Zorich, ChairR. M. Parnell, Vice ChairK. M. Hyam, Secr

40、etarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELN. E. Andrew, ThyssenKrupp Steel USA, LLCW. T. Hargrove, Alternate, QinetiQ North AmericaT. L. Blanton, NACB Group, Inc.R. E. Bluff IV, Gantry Constructors, Inc.P. A. Boeckman, The Crosby Group, Inc.R. J. Bolen, Consultant, E. I. DuPontA. D. Brown, A. D. Brown Co.M.

41、 E. Brunet, Manitowoc Cranes/The Manitowoc Crane GroupT. A. Christensen, Alliance of American Insurers/Liberty MutualInsuranceM. W. Mills, Alternate, Liberty Mutual GroupB. D. Closson, Craft Forensic Services, Inc.B. A. Pickett, Alternate, Forensic Engineering and Applied ScienceInstituteR. A. Dahli

42、n, Walker Magnetics GroupK. M. Jankowski, Alternate, Walker Magnetics GroupL. D. DeMark, Equipment Training Solutions, LLCD. Jordan, Alternate, BP AmericaD. W. Eckstine, Eckstine and AssociatesH. G. Leidich, Alternate, Leidich Consulting ServicesR. J. Edwards, NBIS, Product Safety and DevelopmentJ.

43、L. Bury, Alternate, Putzmeister AmericaE. D. Fidler, Grove Crane/The Manitowoc Crane GroupJ. L. Gordon, Acco Material Handling SolutionsN. C. Hargreaves, Terex Corp.C. E. Imerman, Alternate, Link-Belt Construction Equipment Co.J. J. Headley, Crane Institute of AmericaW. C. Dickinson, Alternate, Cran

44、e Industry Services, LLCG. B. Hetherston, E. I. DuPontK. M. Hyam, The American Society of Mechanical EngineersC. W. Ireland, National Oilwell VarcoA. J. Egging, Alternate, National Oilwell VarcoD. C. Jackson, Tulsa Winch GroupW. E. Osborn, Alternate, Ingersoll RandP. R. Juhren, Morrow Equipment Co.,

45、 LLCM. J. Quinn, Alternate, Morrow Equipment Co., LLCR. M. Kohner, Landmark Engineering ServicesD. Duerr, Alternate, 2DM Associates, Inc.C. E. Lucas, The Crosby Group, Inc.F. P. Massaro, Alternate, Bishop Lifting Products, Inc.A. J. Lusi, IUOE Local 542 JATCviiD. W. Frantz, Alternate, Ohio Operating

46、 Engineers Local 18E. K. Marburg, Columbus McKinnon Corp.D. K. Huber, Alternate, Columbus McKinnon Corp.L. D. Means, Means Engineering and Consulting/Wire RopeTechnical BoardD. M. Sleightholm, Alternate, Bridon American Corp.D. L. Morgan, Mission Support AllianceC. Brewer, Alternate, Mission Support

47、 AllianceG. L. Owens, ConsultantJ. Sturm, Alternate, Cranes Aerial Truck ServiceR. M. Parnell, Wire Rope Rigging Consultants/Industrial TrainingInternational, Inc.J. Danielson, Alternate, BoeingJ. T. Perkins, ConsultantR. M. Cutshall, Alternate, Savannah River Nuclear SolutionsJ. E. Richardson, U.S.

48、 Department of the NavyM. M. Jaxheimer, Alternate, Navy Crane CenterD. W. Ritchie, David Ritchie Consultant, LLCJ. D. Wiethorn, Alternate, Haag Engineering Co.J. W. Rowland III, ConsultantJ. C. Ryan, Boh Brothers Construction Co.A. R. Ruud, Alternate, Atkinson ConstructionD. Sayenga, The Cardon Mana

49、gement GroupJ. A. Gilbert, Alternate, Associated Wire Rope FabricatorsD. W. Smith, Chicago Bridge and Iron Co.S. K. Rammelsberg, Alternate, Chicago Bridge and Iron Co.W. J. Smith, Jr., NBIS Claims and Risk Management, Inc.J. Schoppert, Alternate, NBIS Claims and Risk ManagementR. G. Strain, Advanced Crane Technologies, LLCP. D. Sweeney, G