ASME B30 8-2004 Floating Cranes and Floating Derricks (B30 8 - 2004)《浮式起重机和浮式桅杆起重机》.pdf

1、ASME B30.8-2004(Revision of ASME B30.8-1999)FLOATINGCRANES ANDFLOATINGDERRICKSAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDFLOATINGCRANE

2、S ANDFLOATINGDERRICKSASME B30.8-2004(Revision of ASME B30.8-1999)SAFETY STANDARD FOR CABLEWAYS, CRANES, DERRICKS, HOISTS, HOOKS, JACKS, AND SLINGSCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Dat

3、e of Issuance: May 7, 2004The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2007. There will be no addendaissued to this edition.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of thisStandard. Interpretations are published on the ASME Web sit

4、e under the Committee Pages at http:/www.asme.org/codes/ as they are issued, and will also be published within the next edition of theStandard.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting t

5、he criteria for American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was madeavailable for public review and comment t

6、hat provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any paten

7、t rights asserted in connection with anyitems mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expresslyadvised that determinatio

8、n of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, isentirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted asgovernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard

9、.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system

10、or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2004 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under

11、 license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-CONTENTSForeword ivCommittee Roster . vIntroduction . viiSummary of Changes xChapter 8-0 Scope, Definitions, and References . 1Section 8-0.1 Scope of B30.8 1Section 8-0.2 Definitions 1Section 8-0.3 R

12、eferences 4Chapter 8-1 Construction and Installation . 6Section 8-1.1 Load Ratings and Markings . 6Section 8-1.2 Construction and Loading Conditions . 6Section 8-1.3 General Requirements for Pontoons and Barges 7Section 8-1.4 General Requirements for Cranes and Derricks 7Section 8-1.5 Vertical Clear

13、ance . 8Section 8-1.6 Boom Hoist (Luffing Hoist) and Load Hoist Mechanisms . 8Section 8-1.7 Swing Mechanism 9Section 8-1.8 Controls 9Section 8-1.9 Ropes and Reeving Accessories 10Section 8-1.10 Cabs 11Section 8-1.11 General Requirements for Booms 12Chapter 8-2 Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance .

14、13Section 8-2.1 Inspection General . 13Section 8-2.2 Testing . 14Section 8-2.3 Maintenance 15Section 8-2.4 Rope Inspection, Replacement, and Maintenance . 16Chapter 8-3 Operation . 18Section 8-3.1 Qualifications for and Conduct of Operators . 18Section 8-3.2 Operating Practices . 19Section 8-3.3 Sig

15、nals . 21Section 8-3.4 Miscellaneous . 21Figures1 Floating Crane 12 Barge-Mounted Shearleg 23 Barge-Mounted Land Crane . 24 Floating Stiffleg Derrick . 25 Floating A-Frame Derrick . 26 Reach for Floating Cranes . 47 Dead Ending Rope in a Socket 118 Core Failure in 19 H11547 7 Rotation-Resistant Rope

16、 169 Standard Hand Signals for Controlling Crane and DerrickOperations . 2310 Danger Zone for Cranes, Derricks, and Lifted Loads Operating NearElectrical Transmission Lines 26Table1 Required Clearance for Normal Voltage in Operation Near High VoltagePower Lines and Operation in Transit With No Load

17、and Boom orMast Lowered 22iiiCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-FOREWORDThis American National Standard, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Sling

18、s, has been developed under the procedures accredited by the AmericanNational Standards Institute (formerly the United States of America Standards Institute). ThisStandard had its beginning in December 1916 when an eight-page Code of Safety Standards forCranes, prepared by an ASME Committee on the P

19、rotection of Industrial Workers, was presentedto the annual meeting of the ASME.Meetings and discussions regarding safety on cranes, derricks, and hoists were held from 1920to 1925, involving the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee, the Association of Iron andSteel Electrical Engineers, the Ameri

20、can Museum of Safety, the American Engineering StandardsCommittee (later changed to American Standards Association and subsequently to the USAStandards Institute), Department of Labor State of New Jersey, Department of Labor andIndustry State of Pennsylvania, and the Locomotive Crane Manufacturers A

21、ssociation. OnJune 11, 1925, the American Engineering Standards Committee approved the ASME Safety CodeCorrelating Committees recommendation and authorized the project with the U.S. Departmentof the Navy, Bureau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors.In March 1926, invitations were issued to 50 or

22、ganizations to appoint representatives to aSectional Committee. The call for organization of this Sectional Committee was sent out October2, 1926, and the committee organized November 4, 1926, with 57 members representing 29 nationalorganizations. The Safety Code for Cranes, Derricks, and Hoists, AS

23、A B30.2-1943, was createdfrom the eight-page document referred to in the first paragraph. This document was reaffirmedin 1952 and widely accepted as a safety standard.Due to changes in design, advancement in techniques, and general interest of labor and industryin safety, the Sectional Committee, un

24、der the joint sponsorship of ASME and the Naval FacilitiesEngineering Command, U.S. Department of the Navy, was reorganized as an American NationalStandards Committee on January 31, 1962, with 39 members representing 27 national organiza-tions.The format of the previous code was changed so that sepa

25、rate volumes (each complete as toconstruction and installation; inspection, testing, and maintenance; and operation) would coverthe different types of equipment included in the scope of B30.In 1982, the Committee was reorganized as an Accredited Organization Committee, operatingunder procedures deve

26、loped by ASME and accredited by the American National StandardsInstitute.This Standard presents a coordinated set of rules that may serve as a guide to governmentand other regulatory bodies and municipal authorities responsible for the guarding and inspectionof the equipment falling within its scope

27、. The suggestions leading to accident prevention aregiven both as mandatory and advisory provisions; compliance with both types may be requiredby employers of their employees.In case of practical difficulties, new developments, or unnecessary hardship, the administrativeor regulatory authority may g

28、rant variances from the literal requirements or permit the use ofother devices or methods, but only when it is clearly evident that an equivalent degree ofprotection is thereby secured. To secure uniform application and interpretation of this Standard,administrative or regulatory authorities are urg

29、ed to consult the B30 Committee, in accordancewith the format described in Section III, before rendering decisions on disputed points.Safety codes and standards are intended to enhance public safety. Revisions result from commit-tee consideration of factors such as technological advances, new data,

30、and changing environmentaland industry needs. Revisions do not imply that previous editions were inadequate.Suggestions for the improvement of this volume of the Standard are welcome. They shouldbe addressed to The American Society of Mechanical Engineers; Secretary, B30 Main Committee;Three Park Av

31、enue; New York, NY 10016-5990.This volume of the Standard, which was approved by the B30 Committee and by ASME, wasapproved by ANSI and designated as an American National Standard on February 20, 2004.ivCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction

32、 or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B30 STANDARDS COMMITTEESafety Standards for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSP. S. Zorich, ChairB.

33、 D. Closson, Vice ChairJ. D. Wendler, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELN. E. Andrew, Sverdrup Technology, Inc.W. T. Hargrove, Alternate, ManTech International Corp.R. E. Bluff, Gantry Constructors, Inc.R. J. Bolen, E. I. DuPontG. B. Hetherston, Alternate, E.I. DuPontA. D. Brown, A.D. Brown Co.L

34、. D. DeMark, International Union of Operating EngineersS. C. Buck, Alternate, International Union of Operating EngineersT. A. Christensen, Alliance of American Insurers/Liberty MutualInsuranceM. W. Mills, Alternate, Liberty Mutual GroupB. D. Closson, NACB Technical Services, Inc.T. L. Blanton, Alter

35、nate, NACB Group, Inc.J. P. Colletti, John P. Colletti and Associates, Inc.R. A. Dahlin, Walker Magnetics GroupJ. W. Downs, Jr., Alternate, Downs Crane and Hoist Co.D. W. Eckstine, Eckstine and AssociatesR. J. Edwards, Schwing America, Inc.R. H. Fowler, U.S. Department of the Air ForceJ. L. Franks,

36、ConsultantR. C. Slater, Alternate, McKay International EngineeringJ. L. Gordon, FKI Industries, Inc.R. R. Reisinger, Alternate, FKI Industries, Inc.N. C. Hargreaves, Power Crane and Shovel Association/Terex Corp.E. D. Fidler, Alternate, Terex CorporationJ. J. Headley, Crane Institute of AmericaR. M.

37、 Parnell, Alternate, Industrial Training InternationalC. W. Ireland, National OilwellA. J. Egging, Alternate, National OilwellL. S. Johnson, AMECOR. M. Kohner, Landmark Engineering ServicesH. I. Shapiro, Alternate, Howard I. Shapiro and AssociatesConsulting EngineersHONORARY MEMBERSJ. M. Klibert, Li

38、ft-All Co., Inc.R. W. Parry, ConsultantvH. G. Leidich, Ingersoll-RandJ. T. Perkins, Alternate, Ingersoll-RandC. E. Lucas, The Crosby GroupP. A. Boeckman, Alternate, The Crosby GroupE. K. Marburg, Columbus-McKinnonK. J. Miller, Alternate, Columbus-McKinnonL. D. Means, Wire Rope Technical Board/Means

39、Engineering andConsultingD. M. Sleightholm, Alternate, Bridon America Corp.K. J. Miller, Jacobs Engineering GroupD. W. Smith, Alternate, Chicago Bridge and Iron Co.G. L. Owens, Granite Construction, Inc.J. E. Richardson, U.S. Department of the NavyW. P. Rollins, Manitowoc Crane GroupT. E. Ward-Robic

40、haux, Alternate, Lift Solutions, Inc.J. W. Rowland III, Association of Iron and Steel Engineers/Bethlehem Steel Corp.E. E. Rudy, U.S. Department of the ArmyJ. C. Ryan, BOH Brothers Construction Co.A. Ruud, Alternate, Phillips and JordanD. Sayenga, Associated Wire Rope FabricatorsD. J. Bishop, Altern

41、ate, Bishop Lifting Products, Inc.G. W. Shields, Caterpillar, Inc.R. G. Strain, Advanced Automation Technologies, Inc.A. R. Toth, Morris Material HandlingB. E. Weir, Jr., National Erectors Association/Norris BrothersCo., Inc.S. Conant, Alternate, Conant Crane Rental Co.J. D. Wendler, The American So

42、ciety of Mechanical EngineersR. C. Wild, U.S. Army Corps of EngineersS. G. Testerman, Alternate, U.S. Army Corps of EngineersD. N. Wolff, National Crane Corp.A. L. Calta, Alternate, National Crane Corp.P. S. Zorich, RZP International Ltd.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license wit

43、h ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-B30.8 SUBCOMMITTEE PERSONNELJ. L. Franks, Chair, ConsultantT. A. Christensen, Liberty Mutual InsuranceB. D. Closson, NACB Technical Services, Inc.J. P. Colletti, John P. Colletti and Associates, Inc.A. J. Egging

44、, Alternate, National OilwellviC. L. Huneycutt, J. A. Jones ConstructionC. W. Ireland, National OilwellG. Lee, Marine Design CenterJ. E. Richardson, U.S. Department of the NavyR. L. Signorino, Universal Maritime Service Corp.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for

45、 ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-(04)SAFETY STANDARD FOR CABLEWAYS, CRANES, DERRICKS, HOISTS,HOOKS, JACKS, AND SLINGSB30 SERIES INTRODUCTIONGENERALThis Standard is one of a series of safety standardson various subjects that have been formulated underthe gen

46、eral auspices of the American National StandardsInstitute. One purpose of the Standard is to serve as aguide to governmental authorities having jurisdictionover subjects within the scope of the Standard. It isexpected, however, that the Standard will find a majorapplication in industry, serving as a

47、 guide to manufac-turers, purchasers, and users of the equipment.For the convenience of the user, the Standard has beendivided into separate volumes.B30.1 JacksB30.2 Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top RunningBridge, Single or Multiple Girder, Top Run-ning Trolley Hoist)B30.3 Construction Tower CranesB3

48、0.4 Portal, Tower, and Pedestal CranesB30.5 Mobile and Locomotive CranesB30.6 DerricksB30.7 Base Mounted Drum HoistsB30.8 Floating Cranes and Floating DerricksB30.9 SlingsB30.10 HooksB30.11 Monorails and Underhung CranesB30.12 Handling Loads Suspended From RotorcraftB30.13 Storage/Retrieval (S/R) Ma

49、chines and Asso-ciated EquipmentB30.14 Side Boom TractorsB30.15 Mobile Hydraulic CranesNote: B30.15-1973 has been withdrawn. Therevision of B30.15 is included in thelatest edition of B30.5.B30.16 Overhead Hoists (Underhung)B30.17 Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top RunningBridge, Single Girder, Underhung Hoist)B30.18 Stacker Cranes (Top or Under RunningBridge, Multiple Girder With Top or UnderRunning Trolley Hoist)B30.19 CablewaysB30.20 Below-