ASME B30 8-2015 Floating Cranes and Floating Derricks《水上浮式起重机和起重船》.pdf

1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ASME B30.8-2015(Revision of ASME B30.8-2010)Floating Cranes and Floating DerricksSafety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and SlingsASME B30.8-2015(Revision of ASME B30.8-2010)Floating Cranesand FloatingDerricksSafety Standard for Cableways

2、, Cranes,Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and SlingsAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDTwo Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 USADate of Issuance: August 12, 2015The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2020. This Standard will becomeeffective 1 year after the Date of Issuance.ASME iss

3、ues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of thisStandard. Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages athttp:/cstools.asme.org/ as they are issued. Interpretations will also be included with each edition.Errata to codes and sta

4、ndards may be posted on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages toprovide corrections to incorrectly published items, or to correct typographical or grammatical errorsin codes and standards. Such errata shall be used on the date posted.The Committee Pages can be found at http:/cstools.asme.org/.

5、 There is an option available toautomatically receive an e-mail notification when errata are posted to a particular code or standard.This option can be found on the appropriate Committee Page after selecting “Errata” in the “PublicationInformation” section.ASME is the registered trademark of The Ame

6、rican Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests have

7、had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was madeavailable for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, const

8、ruction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicable

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11、pretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersTwo Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2015 byTHE AMERICAN SOCI

12、ETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.CONTENTSForeword vCommittee Roster . viiIntroduction . ixSummary of Changes xiiChapter 8-0 Scope, Definitions, Personnel Competence, Translations, andReferences. 1Section 8-0.1 Scope of ASME B30.8 . 1Section 8-0.2 Definitions 1Section 8-

13、0.3 Personnel Competence 4Section 8-0.4 Translations . 5Section 8-0.5 References 5Chapter 8-1 Construction and Installation 7Section 8-1.1 Load Ratings and Markings . 7Section 8-1.2 Construction and Loading Conditions . 7Section 8-1.3 General Requirements for Pontoons and Barges 8Section 8-1.4 Gener

14、al Requirements for Cranes and Derricks 9Section 8-1.5 Vertical Clearance . 9Section 8-1.6 Boom Hoist (Luffing Hoist) and Load Hoist Mechanisms . 10Section 8-1.7 Swing Mechanism 11Section 8-1.8 Controls 11Section 8-1.9 Ropes and Reeving Accessories 12Section 8-1.10 Cabs 13Section 8-1.11 General Requ

15、irements for Booms 14Chapter 8-2 Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance 15Section 8-2.1 Inspection: General . 15Section 8-2.2 Testing . 16Section 8-2.3 Maintenance 17Section 8-2.4 Rope Inspection, Replacement, and Maintenance . 18Chapter 8-3 Operation 20Section 8-3.1 Qualifications and Responsibilitie

16、s . 20Section 8-3.2 Operating Practices . 23Section 8-3.3 Signals . 25Section 8-3.4 Miscellaneous . 25Figures8-0.1-1 Floating Crane 28-0.1-2 Barge-Mounted Shearleg 28-0.1-3 Barge-Mounted Land Crane . 28-0.1-4 Floating Stiffleg Derrick . 38-0.1-5 Floating A-Frame Derrick . 38-0.2-1 Reach for Floating

17、 Cranes . 58-1.9.3-1 Dead-Ending Rope in a Wedge Socket . 138-2.4.1-1 Core Failure in 19 H11547 7 Rotation-Resistant Rope 19iii8-3.3.2-1 Standard Hand Signals for Controlling Crane and DerrickOperations . 278-3.4.3-1 Danger Zone for Cranes, Derricks, and Lifted Loads Operating NearElectrical Transmi

18、ssion Lines 30Table8-3.4.3-1 Required Clearance for Normal Voltage in Operation Near High VoltagePower Lines and Operation in Transit With No Load and Boom orMast Lowered 31ivFOREWORDThis American National Standard, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, ha

19、s been developed under the procedures accredited by the AmericanNational Standards Institute (ANSI). This Standard had its beginning in December 1916 whenan eight-page Code of Safety Standards for Cranes, prepared by the ASME Committee on theProtection of Industrial Workers, was presented at the ann

20、ual meeting of the ASME.Meetings and discussions regarding safety on cranes, derricks, and hoists were held from 1920to 1925 involving the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee, the Association of Iron andSteel Electrical Engineers, the American Museum of Safety, the American Engineering StandardsC

21、ommittee (AESC) later changed to American Standards Association (ASA), then to theUSA Standards Institute (USASI), and finally to ANSI, Department of Labor State ofNew Jersey, Department of Labor and Industry State of Pennsylvania, and the LocomotiveCrane Manufacturers Association. On June 11, 1925,

22、 the AESC approved the ASME Safety CodeCorrelating Committees recommendation and authorized the project with the U.S. Departmentof the Navy, Bureau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors.In March 1926, invitations were issued to 50 organizations to appoint representatives to aSectional Committee.

23、The call for organization of this Sectional Committee was sent outOctober2,1926,andthecommitteeorganizedonNovember4,1926,with57membersrepresenting29 national organizations. Commencing June 1, 1927, and using the eight-page code publishedby ASME in 1916 as a basis, the Sectional Committee developed t

24、he Safety Code for Cranes,Derricks, and Hoists. The early drafts of this safety code included requirements for jacks, butdue to inputs and comments on those drafts, the Sectional Committee decided in 1938 to makethe requirements for jacks a separate code. In January 1943, ASA B30.2-1943 was publishe

25、daddressing a multitude of equipment types and in August 1943, ASA B30.1-1943 was publishedjust addressing jacks. Both documents were reaffirmed in 1952 and widely accepted as safetystandards.Duetochangesindesign,advancementintechniques,andgeneralinterestoflaborandindustryin safety, the Sectional Co

26、mmittee, under the joint sponsorship of ASME and the Bureau of Yardsand Docks (now the Naval Facilities Engineering Command) was reorganized onJanuary 31, 1962, with 39 members representing 27 national organizations. The new committeechanged the format of ASA B30.2-1943 so that the multitude of equi

27、pment types it addressedcould be published in separate volumes that could completely cover the construction, installation,inspection, testing, maintenance, and operation of each type of equipment that was included inthe scope of ASA B30.2. This format change resulted in the initial publication of B3

28、0.3, B30.5,B30.6, B30.11, and B30.16 being designated as revisions of B30.2 with the remainder of the B30volumes being published as totally new volumes. ASA changed its name to USASI in 1966 andto ANSI in 1969, which resulted in B30 volumes from 1943 to 1968 being designated as ASA B30,USAS B30, or

29、ANSI B30, depending on their date of publication.In 1982, the Committee was reorganized as an Accredited Organization Committee, operatingunder procedures developed by ASME and accredited by ANSI. This Standard presents a coordi-nated set of rules that may serve as a guide to government and other re

30、gulatory bodies andmunicipal authorities responsible for the guarding and inspection of the equipment falling withinits scope. The suggestions leading to accident prevention are given both as mandatory andadvisoryprovisions;compliancewithbothtypesmayberequiredbyemployersoftheiremployees.In case of p

31、ractical difficulties, new developments, or unnecessary hardship, the administrativeor regulatory authority may grant variances from the literal requirements or permit the use ofother devices or methods, but only when it is clearly evident that an equivalent degree ofprotection is thereby secured. T

32、o secure uniform application and interpretation of this Standard,administrative or regulatory authorities are urged to consult the B30 Committee, in accordancewiththeformatdescribedinSectionIXoftheIntroduction,beforerenderingdecisionsondisputedpoints.vSafetycodesandstandardsareintendedtoenhancepubli

33、csafety.Revisionsresultfromcommit-teeconsiderationoffactorssuchastechnologicaladvances,newdata,andchangingenvironmentaland industry needs. Revisions do not imply that previous editions were inadequate.ASME B30.8 was first published in 1977; new editions were published in 1982, 1988, 1993, 1999,2004,

34、 and 2010. This 2015 edition incorporates many global B30 changes including the additionof sections on personnel competence, translations, responsibilities, along with other revisions.This edition of the ASME B30.8 Volume was approved by the B30 Committee and by ASME,and was approved by ANSI and des

35、ignated as an American National Standard on March 18, 2015.viASME B30 COMMITTEESafety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSB. D. Closson, ChairT. L.

36、 Blanton, Vice ChairK. M. Hyam, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELN. E. Andrew, LTS Cranes MechanicalM. Eggenberger, Alternate, Berry Contracting, Inc.G. Austin, Terex Corp.T. L. Blanton, NACB Group, Inc.R. Ohman, Alternate, Verde Concepts, Inc.P. A. Boeckman, The Crosby GroupC. E. Lucas, Altern

37、ate, The Crosby GroupP. W. Boyd, The Boeing Co.M. E. Brunet, The Manitowoc Co.A. L. Calta, Alternate, The Manitowoc Co.B. D. Closson, Craft Forensic ServiceB. A. Pickett, Alternate, Systems Engineering and Forensic ServicesJ. A. Danielson, The Boeing Co.D. Decker, Becket LLCL. D. DeMark, Equipment T

38、raining Solutions LLCD. F. Jordan, Alternate, BP AmericaD. W. Eckstine, Eckstine and AssociatesG. J. Brent, Alternate, NCCCOR. J. Edwards, NBIS Claims and Risk Management, Inc.A. J. Egging, National Oilwell VarcoR. Stanoch, Alternate, National Oilwell VarcoE. D. Fidler, The Manitowoc Co.G. D. Miller

39、, Alternate, Manitowoc CranesJ. A. Gilbert, Associated Wire Rope FabricatorsJ. L. Gordon, Associated Chain and Lifting ProductsN. C. Hargreaves, Hargreaves Consulting LLCG. B. Hetherston, E. I. DuPontR. J. Bolen, Alternate, E. I. DuPontK. M. Hyam, The American Society of Mechanical EngineersM. M. Ja

40、xtheimer, Navy Crane CenterS. R. Gridley, Alternate, Navy Crane CenterP. R. Juhren, Morrow Equipment Co. LLCM. J. Quinn, Alternate, Morrow Equipment Co. LLCR. M. Kohner, Landmark Engineering Services, Ltd.D. Duerr, Alternate, 2DM Associates, Inc.A. J. Lusi, Jr., Lumark Consulting LLPK. J. Shinn, Alt

41、ernate, K. J. Shinn, Inc.viiE. K. Marburg, Columbus McKinnon Corp.J. R. Burkey, Alternate, Columbus McKinnon Corp.L. D. Means, Means Engineering and ConsultingD. A. Henninger, Alternate, Bridon AmericanM. W. Mills, Liberty Mutual InsuranceD. M. Gordon, Alternate, Liberty Mutual InsuranceD. L. Morgan

42、, Critical Lift Consultants LLCT. C. Mackey, Alternate, WRPS HanfordW. E. Osborn, Ingersoll RandS. D. Wood, Alternate, Link-Belt Construction Equipment Co.R. M. Parnell, Industrial Training InternationalW. C. Dickinson, Jr., Alternate, Industrial Training InternationalJ. T. Perkins, SolarexJ. R. Sch

43、ober, Alternate, American Bridge Co.J. E. Richardson, Navy Crane CenterK. Kennedy, Alternate, Navy Crane CenterD. W. Ritchie, Dave Ritchie Consultant LLCL. K. Shapiro, Alternate, Howard I. Shapiro and AssociatesJ. W. Rowland III, ConsultantD. A. Moore, Alternate, Unified EngineeringJ. C. Ryan, Boh B

44、ros. Construction Co.A. R. Ruud, Alternate, Atkinson ConstructionD. W. Smith, STI GroupS. K. Rammelsberg, Alternate, Chicago Bridge and Iron Co.W. J. Smith, Jr., Nations Builder Insurance ServiceJ. Schoppert, Alternate, NBIS Claims and Risk Management, Inc.R. S. Stemp, Lampson International LLCE. P.

45、 Vliet, Alternate, Turner Industries GroupR. G. Strain, Advanced Crane Technologies LLCJ. Sturm, Sturm Corp.P. D. Sweeney, General Dynamics Electric BoatB. M. Casey, Alternate, General Dynamics Electric BoatJ. D. Wiethorn, Haag Engineering Co.M. Gardiner, Alternate, Haag Engineering Co.R. C. Wild, C

46、J Drilling, Inc.J. Dudley, Alternate, Archer Western ContractorsD. N. Wolff, National Crane/Manitowoc Crane GroupJ. A. Pilgrim, Alternate, Manitowoc CranesHONORARY MEMBERSJ. W. Downs, Jr., Downs Crane and Hoist Co.J. J. Franks, ConsultantC. W. Ireland, National Oilwell VarcoJ. M. Klibert, Lift-All C

47、o., Inc.R. W. Parry, ConsultantP. S. Zorich, RZP, Ltd.B30.8 SUBCOMMITTEE PERSONNELA. R Ruud, Chair, Atkinson ConstructionJ. Barlow, Weeks Marine, Inc.B. Closson, Craft Forensic ServiceJ. P. Colletti, John P. Colletti loadindicator;minimum breaking force;operational aid; rated capacity indicator;rate

48、d capacity (load) limiter; two-blockdamage prevention feature; two-blockwarning feature; and two-blocking(3) Revised definitions of angle indicator,boom; brake; clutch; drum; load block,upper; rope, rotation resistant; and trim,machineSection 8-0.3 Added5, 6 Section 8-0.4 AddedSection 8-0.5 Updated7

49、, 8 8-1.1.1 Subparagraph (b) revised8-1.1.3 First paragraph revised8-1.2.2 Subparagraphs (a)(1)(-a) and (a)(1)(-b)revised8-1.3.1 Subparagraph (c) revised9 8-1.3.5 Subparagraph (a) revised8-1.4.3 Added8-1.4.4 (1) Redesignated(2) Subparagraph (e) revised(3) Subparagraph (f) deleted11 8-1.8.1 New subparagraph (b) added, andsubsequent paragraphs redesignated8-1.8.7 Subparagraph (a) deleted, andsubsequent subparagraphsredesignated12 8-1.9.1 (1) Subparagraph (d) revised(2) Note deletedxiiPage Location Change8-1.9.3 Subparagraph (d) revised13 Figure 8-1.9.3-1 Revised in its entirety14