ASME B30 9-2014 Slings (Includes Interpretations February 2011 Through November 2013)《吊具》.pdf

1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ASME B30.9-2014(Revision of ASME B30.9-2010)SlingsSafety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and SlingsASME B30.9-2014(Revision of ASME B30.9-2010)SlingsSafety Standard for Cableways, Cranes,Derricks,Hoists,Hooks,Jacks,andSlingsAN AMERICAN NA

2、TIONAL STANDARDTwo Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 USADate of Issuance: February 6, 2015The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2017. This Standard will becomeeffective 1 year after the Date of Issuance.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of t

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12、ONTENTSForeword viCommittee Roster . viiiB30 Standard Introduction . xSummary of Changes xiiiChapter 9-0 Scope, Definitions, Personnel Competence, Translations, andReferences 1Section 9-0.1 Scope of ASME B30.9 . 1Section 9-0.2 Definitions . 1Section 9-0.3 Personnel Competence 3Section 9-0.4 Translat

13、ions 3Section 9-0.5 References 3Chapter 9-1 Alloy Steel Chain Slings: Selection, Use, and Maintenance . 5Section 9-1.0 Scope 5Section 9-1.1 Training 5Section 9-1.2 Components 5Section 9-1.3 Fabrication and Configurations 5Section 9-1.4 Design Factor . 5Section 9-1.5 Rated Load . 5Section 9-1.6 Proof

14、 Test Requirements 5Section 9-1.7 Sling Identification 7Section 9-1.8 Effects of Environment 7Section 9-1.9 Inspection, Removal, and Repair 7Section 9-1.10 Operating Practices . 9Chapter 9-2 Wire Rope Slings: Selection, Use, and Maintenance 11Section 9-2.0 Scope 11Section 9-2.1 Training 11Section 9-

15、2.2 Components 11Section 9-2.3 Fabrication and Configurations 11Section 9-2.4 Design Factor . 11Section 9-2.5 Rated Load . 13Section 9-2.6 Proof Test Requirements 13Section 9-2.7 Sling Identification 14Section 9-2.8 Effects of Environment 14Section 9-2.9 Inspection, Removal, and Repair 14Section 9-2

16、.10 Operating Practices . 15Chapter 9-3 Metal Mesh Slings: Selection, Use, and Maintenance. 18Section 9-3.0 Scope 18Section 9-3.1 Training 18Section 9-3.2 Components 18Section 9-3.3 Fabrication and Configurations 18Section 9-3.4 Design Factor . 18Section 9-3.5 Rated Load . 18Section 9-3.6 Proof Test

17、 Requirements 18Section 9-3.7 Sling Identification 18Section 9-3.8 Effects of Environment 20Section 9-3.9 Inspection, Removal, and Repair 20Section 9-3.10 Operating Practices . 21iiiChapter 9-4 Synthetic Rope Slings: Selection, Use, and Maintenance . 22Section 9-4.0 Scope 22Section 9-4.1 Training 23

18、Section 9-4.2 Components 23Section 9-4.3 Fabrication and Configurations 23Section 9-4.4 Design Factor . 24Section 9-4.5 Rated Load . 24Section 9-4.6 Proof Test Requirements 24Section 9-4.7 Sling Identification 26Section 9-4.8 Effects of Environment 26Section 9-4.9 Inspection, Removal, and Repair 26S

19、ection 9-4.10 Operating Practices . 27Chapter 9-5 Synthetic Webbing Slings: Selection, Use, and Maintenance 30Section 9-5.0 Scope 30Section 9-5.1 Training 30Section 9-5.2 Components 30Section 9-5.3 Fabrication and Configurations 30Section 9-5.4 Design Factor . 30Section 9-5.5 Rated Load . 30Section

20、9-5.6 Proof Test Requirements 30Section 9-5.7 Sling Identification 33Section 9-5.8 Effects of Environment 33Section 9-5.9 Inspection, Removal, and Repair 33Section 9-5.10 Operating Practices . 34Chapter 9-6 Polyester Roundslings: Selection, Use, and Maintenance . 36Section 9-6.0 Scope 36Section 9-6.

21、1 Training 36Section 9-6.2 Components 36Section 9-6.3 Fabrication and Configurations 36Section 9-6.4 Design Factor . 36Section 9-6.5 Rated Load . 36Section 9-6.6 Proof Test Requirements 36Section 9-6.7 Sling Identification 38Section 9-6.8 Effects of Environment 38Section 9-6.9 Inspection, Removal, a

22、nd Repair 38Section 9-6.10 Operating Practices . 39Figures9-1.0-1 Alloy Steel Chain Slings: Configurations, Components, and Hitches 69-1.5-1 Angle of Loading . 79-2.0-1 Wire Rope Sling 129-2.0-2 Wire Rope 129-2.3.2-1 Minimum Sling Length . 129-2.3.2-2 Minimum Braided Sling Length . 139-2.5-1 Angle o

23、f Loading . 139-2.9.5-1 Cable-Laid Wire Rope Sling . 159-2.10.1-1 D/d Ratio: Wire Rope Slings . 169-3.0-1 Metal Mesh Sling . 199-3.5-1 Angle of Loading . 209-3.10.1-1 Angle of Choke: Metal Mesh Slings . 219-4.0-1 Synthetic Fiber Rope Slings . 249-4.5-1 Hitch Types for Synthetic Rope Slings . 259-4.5

24、-2 Angle of Loading . 269-4.10.1-1 D/d Ratio: Synthetic Rope Slings 299-5.0-1 Synthetic Webbing Slings . 319-5.0-2 Synthetic Webbing Sling Nomenclature 32iv9-5.5-1 Angle of Loading . 329-6.0-1 Polyester Roundsling Types . 379-6.5-1 Angle of Loading . 38Tables9-1.8.1-1 Effect of Elevated Temperature

25、on Rated Load of Alloy Steel Chain 89-1.9.5-1 Minimum Allowable Thickness at Any Point on a Link 99-1.10.1-1 Basket Sling Hitch Rated Capacity Affected by D/d 99-2.10.1-1 Angle of Choke: Wire Rope Slings . 169-3.2.1-1 Fabric Construction: Metal Mesh Slings . 199-4.10.1-1 Angle of Choke: Synthetic Ro

26、pe Slings 289-5.10.1-1 Angle of Choke: Synthetic Webbing Slings . 359-6.10.1-1 Angle of Choke: Polyester Roundslings 40vFOREWORDThis American National Standard, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, has been developed under the procedures accredited by the

27、 AmericanNational Standards Institute (ANSI). This Standard had its beginning in December 1916 whenan eight-page Code of Safety Standards for Cranes, prepared by the ASME Committee on theProtection of Industrial Workers, was presented to the annual meeting of the ASME.Meetings and discussions regard

28、ing safety on cranes, derricks, and hoists were held from 1920to 1925 involving the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee, the Association of Iron andSteel Electrical Engineers, the American Museum of Safety, the American Engineering StandardsCommittee (AESC) later changed to American Standards Ass

29、ociation (ASA), then to theUSA Standards Institute (USASI), and finally to ANSI, Department of Labor State ofNew Jersey, Department of Labor and Industry State of Pennsylvania, and the LocomotiveCrane Manufacturers Association. On June 11, 1925, the AESC approved the ASME Safety CodeCorrelating Comm

30、ittees recommendation and authorized the project with the U.S. Departmentof the Navy, Bureau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors.In March 1926, invitations were issued to 50 organizations to appoint representatives to aSectional Committee. The call for organization of this Sectional Committee w

31、as sent outOctober 2, 1926, and the committee organized on November 4, 1926, with 57 members representing29 national organizations. Commencing June 1, 1927, and using the eight-page code publishedby ASME in 1916 as a basis, the Sectional Committee developed the “Safety Code for Cranes,Derricks, and

32、Hoists.” The early drafts of this safety code included requirements for jacks, butdue to inputs and comments on those drafts, the Sectional Committee decided in 1938 to makethe requirements for jacks a separate code. In January 1943, ASA B30.2-1943 was publishedaddressing a multitude of equipment ty

33、pes and in August 1943, ASA B30.1-1943 was publishedjust addressing jacks. Both documents were reaffirmed in 1952 and widely accepted as safetystandards.Due to changes in design, advancement in techniques, and general interest of labor and industryin safety, the Sectional Committee, under the joint

34、sponsorship of ASME and the Bureau of Yardsand Docks (now the Naval Facilities Engineering Command) was reorganized onJanuary 31, 1962, with 39 members representing 27 national organizations. The new committeechanged the format of ASA B30.2-1943 so that the multitude of equipment types it addressedc

35、ould be published in separate volumes that could completely cover the construction, installation,inspection, testing, maintenance, and operation of each type of equipment that was included inthe scope of ASA B30.2. This format change resulted in the initial publication of B30.3, B30.5,B30.6, B30.11,

36、 and B30.16 being designated as revisions of B30.2 with the remainder of the B30volumes being published as totally new volumes. ASA changed its name to USASI in 1966 andto ANSI in 1969, which resulted in B30 volumes from 1943 to 1968 being designated as ASA B30,USAS B30, or ANSI B30, depending on th

37、eir date of publication.In 1982, the Committee was reorganized as an Accredited Organization Committee, operatingunder procedures developed by ASME and accredited by ANSI. This Standard presents a coordi-nated set of rules that may serve as a guide to government and other regulatory bodies andmunici

38、pal authorities responsible for the guarding and inspection of the equipment falling withinits scope. The suggestions leading to accident prevention are given both as mandatory andadvisory provisions; compliance with both types may be required by employers of their employees.In case of practical dif

39、ficulties, new developments, or unnecessary hardship, the administrativeor regulatory authority may grant variances from the literal requirements or permit the use ofother devices or methods, but only when it is clearly evident that an equivalent degree ofprotection is thereby secured. To secure uni

40、form application and interpretation of this Standard,administrative or regulatory authorities are urged to consult the B30 Committee, in accordancewith the format described in Section IX of the Introduction, before rendering decisions on disputedpoints.viSafety codes and standards are intended to en

41、hance public safety. Revisions result from commit-tee consideration of factors such as technological advances, new data, and changing environmentaland industry needs. Revisions do not imply that previous editions were inadequate.The first edition of ASME B30.9 was issued in 1971; new editions were p

42、ublished in 1984, 1990,1996, 2003, 2006, and 2010. This 2014 edition contains extensive revisions including the use ofthe term load handling to recognize that the load could be moving vertically or horizontally, andremoval of the rated load tables. In addition, this edition addresses personnel compe

43、tence andtranslations.This edition of the B30.9 Volume was approved by the B30 Committee and by ASME, and wasapproved by ANSI and designated as an American National Standard on September 30, 2014.viiASME B30 COMMITTEESafety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings(Th

44、e following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSL. D. Means, ChairR. M. Parnell, Vice ChairK. M. Hyam, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELN. E. Andrew, ThyssenKrupp Steel USA, LLCC. M. Robison, Alternate, UT Battelle / Oak Ridge Nat

45、ionalLaboratoryG. Austin, Terex Corp.T. L. Blanton, NACB Group, Inc.R. O. Ohman, Alternate, Verde Concept, Inc.P. A. Boeckman, The Crosby Group, Inc.C. E. Lucas, Alternate, The Crosby Group, Inc.R. J. Bolen, ConsultantC. E. Cotton, Alternate, Navy Crane CenterM. E. Brunet, Manitowoc Cranes/The Manit

46、owoc Crane GroupA. L. Calta, Alternate, Manitowoc Crane GroupB. Closson, Craft Forensic ServiceB. A. Pickett, Alternate, Forensic Engineering Order Department: 22 Law Drive, P.O.Box 2900, Fairfield, NJ 07007-2900 (www.asme.org)ASTM A391/A391M-01, Standard Specification forGrade 80 Alloy Steel ChainA

47、STM A586-98, Standard Specification for Zinc-CoatedParallel and Helical Steel Wire Structural Strand andZinc-Coated Wire for Spun-in-Place Structural StrandASTM A906/A906M-02, Standard Specification forGrade 80 and Grade 100 Alloy Steel Chain Slings forOverhead LiftingASTM A952/A952M-02, Standard Sp

48、ecification forForged Grade 80 and Grade 100 Steel LiftingComponents and Welded Attachment LinksASTM A973/A973M-01, Standard Specification forGrade 100 Alloy Steel ChainASTM A1023/A1023M-02, Standard Specification forStranded Carbon Steel Wire Ropes for GeneralPurposesASME B30.9-2014Publisher: Ameri

49、can Society for Testing and Materials(ASTM International), 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O.Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959(www.astm.org)CI 1303-96, Nylon (Polyamide) Fiber Rope, 3-Strand and8-Strand ConstructionCI 1304-96, Polyester (PET) Fiber Rope, 3-Strand and8-Strand ConstructionCI 1305-96, Single Braided Polyester Fiber Rope,12-Strand Braid ConstructionCI 1306-96, Nylon (Polyamide) Fiber Rope, Double BraidConstructionCI 1307-96, Polyester (PET) Fiber Rope, Double BraidConstructionCI 2110-04, Fiber Rope Inspection and RetirementCriteria4Publisher: The Cordage Institute