ASME B40 100-2013 Pressure Gauges and Gauge Attachments《压力计及其附件》.pdf

1、Pressure Gauges and Gauge AttachmentsAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDASME B40.100-2013Revision of ASME B40.100-2005 (R2011)ASME B40.100-2013Revision of ASME B40.100-2005 (R2011)Pressure Gaugesand GaugeAttachmentsAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDTwo Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 USADate of Issuance: Novemb

2、er 20, 2013This Standard will be revised when the Society approves the issuance of a new edition. There willbe no written interpretations of the requirements of this Standard issued to this edition.Errata to codes and standards may be posted on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages toprovide c

3、orrections to incorrectly published items, or to correct typographical or grammatical errorsin codes and standards. Such errata shall be used on the date posted.The Committee Pages can be found at http:/cstools.asme.org/. There is an option available toautomatically receive an e-mail notification wh

4、en errata are posted to a particular code or standard.This option can be found on the appropriate Committee Page after selecting “Errata” in the “PublicationInformation” section.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under

5、 procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was madeavaila

6、ble for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with r

7、espect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assumes any such liability. Users of a code or standard ar

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9、endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any for

10、m,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersTwo Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2013 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.CONTENTSForeword

11、 ivCommittee Roster . vCorrespondence With the B40 Committee viPreface viiASME B40.1 Gauges: Pressure Indicating Dial Type Elastic Element 1ASME B40.2 Diaphragm Seals . 45ASME B40.5 Snubbers 77ASME B40.6 Pressure Limiter Valves . 97ASME B40.7 Gauges: Pressure Digital Indicating 107iiiFOREWORDASME St

12、andards Committee B40 is comprised of a group of volunteers representing pressuregauge users, manufacturers, governmental agencies, testing laboratories, and other standards-producing bodies. All are convinced that national standards such as this serve not only to provideproduct performance and conf

13、iguration guidelines but also to inform and assist both those whospecify and the users regarding the science of pressure gauge production, application, and use.The standards are vehicles by which the Committee as a body can transmit to users the benefitsof their combined knowledge and experience as

14、regards the proper and safe use of pressuregauges.The use of this Standard is entirely voluntary and shall in no way preclude the manufactureror use of products that do not conform. Neither ASME nor the B40 Committee assumes responsibil-ity for the effects of observance or nonobservance of recommend

15、ations made herein.The 2005 edition, which was approved on September 19, 2005, was issued to includeNonmandatory Appendix C on Supplemental Requirements to B40.1, B40.2, B40.5, and B40.6.This revision was issued to clarify wording in the B40.1 body document as well as inNonmandatory Appendix C, now

16、designated as Mandatory Appendix III. NonmandatoryAppendix A was also rewritten to include new gauge performance criteria, and it was designatedas Mandatory Appendix I. Nonmandatory Appendix B was designated as Mandatory Appendix II.This edition of the Standard was approved by the B40 Standards Comm

17、ittee on June 18, 2013and approved as an American National Standard by the American National Standards Instituteon October 14, 2013.ivASME B40 COMMITTEESpecifications for Pressure and Vacuum Gauges(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)STANDARDS COMMI

18、TTEE OFFICERSK. Gross, ChairJ. Conti, Vice ChairJ. H. Karian, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELJ. Conti, ConsultantK. Gross, WIKA Instrument Corp.R. A. Weissner, Alternate, WIKA Instrument Corp.R. E. Honer, Jr., Perma-Cal IndustriesM. Johnson, JMS Southeast, Inc.J. H. Karian, The American Socie

19、ty of Mechanical EngineersM. F. Lancaster, Noshok, Inc.vM. G. Page, Operating may include high pressure, short durationimpulses (pressure spikes).psi: see para. 3.3.2.1.psia: see para. 3.3.2.1.psid: see para. 3.3.2.1.psig: psi (see para. 3.3.2.1).pulsation: a periodic surge.range: the high and low l

20、imits of the scale (includingretarded portions) expressed in the sequences andunits in which they occur. For example: 0/100 kPa,200/500 psi, 30 in. Hg vac/30 psi.readability: the uncertainty inherent in the observersability to determine the indicated pressure value. Factors12that may affect readabil

21、ity include length of scale, gradu-ation configuration and spacing, pointer design andwidth, parallax, distance between observer and scale,illumination, stability of pointer, pointer and scale col-ors, and the liquid level line in liquid-filled gauges.receiver gauge: see gauge, receiver.refrigerant

22、gauge: see gauge, refrigerant.repeatability: the maximum difference between any twoor more consecutive indications for the same appliedpressure under the same operating conditions,approaching from the same direction, after lightly tap-ping the gauge. It is usually expressed as a percentageof span.re

23、sonance: resonance of a system-forced oscillation existswhen any change, however small, in the frequency ofexcitation causes a decrease in the response of the sys-tem. (A resonance may occur in an internal part of thegauge, with no outward manifestation.)restrictor: the device that restricts fluid f

24、low between thepressure source and the pressure element. It is used toreduce the effect of pressure fluctuations or to controlflow from a pressure element that has failed in service,or both. It may be integrally mounted or separate fromthe gauge.retard gauge: see gauge, retard.ring: the component th

25、at secures the window to the case.Ring configurations will vary for design and aestheticreasons.ring, bayonet: see ring, cam.ring, cam: a ring similar to the threaded ring except thatthe threads are replaced by a cam arrangement.ring, friction: a ring retained by means of an interferenceor friction

26、fit between it and the case.ring, hinged: a ring retained by a hinge-type device anda single retaining screw.ring, slip: a ring similar to the friction ring except thatit has a clearance fit with the case and is secured byscrews.ring, snap: a ring that snaps into a groove on the case.ring, threaded:

27、 a ring having threads that match threadson the case.scale: markings on the dial, consisting of graduations,related numerals, and units of measure.sealed case: see case, sealed.shock (impact) resistance: the maximum deceleration agauge can withstand without damage or evidence of achange in accuracy

28、of more than a specified value. It isexpressed in gs, time duration (10% to 90% of the lead-ing edge of the shock pulse), and number of impacts.significant surface: see surface, wetted.ASME B40.100-2013 (B40.1)silver brazing: brazing using a nonferrous filler metalcontaining silver.single gauge: see

29、 gauge, single.size, gauge: see Fig. 9.slip ring: see ring, slip.snap ring: see ring, snap.snubber: a device that is used to reduce the effect ofpressure fluctuations and surges, or to reduce flow froma pressure element that has failed in service, or both.See ASME B40.5.socket: see stem.soft solderi

30、ng: see soldering.soldering (soft soldering): a metal-joining process whereincoalescence is produced by heating to a suitable temper-ature and by using a nonferrous alloy fusible at tempera-tures below 425C (800F) and having a melting pointbelow that of the base metals being joined.span: the algebra

31、ic difference between the limits of theunretarded portion of the scale.(a) The span of a 0/100 kPa gauge is 100 kPa.(b) The span of a suppressed scale gauge is the differ-ence between the maximum and minimum scale pres-sures. For example, the span of 200/500 psi gauge is300 psi.(c) The span of a com

32、pound gauge is the algebraic dif-ference between the limits of the vacuum and pressurescales when both are expressed in the same units. Forexample, the span of 30 in. Hg vac (approximately(15 psi) to 30 psi pressure scale is 45 psi.span adjustment: see adjustment, span.span, compound gauge: see span

33、.span, suppressed scale: see span.specific service gauge: see gauge, specific service.spike: a short duration, high amplitude sudden rise ordrop in system pressure.spontaneous explosive failure: see failure, explosive.standard: see standard, calibration.standard, calibration: a pressure instrument u

34、sed to deter-mine the accuracy of a gauge (see ASME PTC 19.2).standard, transfer: see ASME PTC 19.2.standard, working: see ASME PTC 19.2.steady pressure: see pressure, steady.stem(socket): the main supporting component of the pres-sure element assembly to which the elastic element isattached. It may

35、 include the pressure connection andmounting for the movement and case.stop: the component that limits the motion of the pointer(see stop, internal, and stop pin).13stop, internal: a stop designed to restrain the pressureelement motion by acting directly on it or on the move-ment mechanism (see para

36、. 3.3.7).stoppin: the component on the dial that limits the angularrotation of the pointer.suppressed scale gauge: see gauge, suppressed scale.surface (wall) mounted: see gauge, surface (wall) mounted.surface,wetted: any surface that directly contacts the pres-sure media.surge: a sudden rise or drop

37、 in system pressure.takeup: the portion of the scale between the positionwhere the pointer is stopped and its true zero pressureposition.temperature, ambient: the temperature of the atmospheresurrounding the gauge.temperature error: see error, temperature.temperature, process: the temperature of the

38、 processmedium at the pressure connection of the socket.temperature, storage: the extremes of temperature (highand low) that the gauge may be exposed to when it isnot pressurized.test gauge: see gauge, test.threaded ring: see ring, threaded.threaded window: see window, threaded.tip: the motion or fo

39、rce transmitting component at thefree end of an elastic element.torr: see para. 3.3.2.1.traceability: documentation of the existence of a calibra-tion chain between an instrument and a primarystandard.transfer standard: see standard, transfer.vacuum: see pressure, negative.vacuum gauge: see gauge, v

40、acuum.variable pressure: see pressure, variable.vibrationresistance: the maximum sinusoidal accelerationa gauge can withstand without damage or evidence ofa change in accuracy of more than a specified value. Itis expressed in gs, or amplitude over a frequency rangeand time period.welding: a metal-jo

41、ining process wherein coalescence isproduced by heating to suitable temperatures to meltthe base metals together, with or without the additionof filler metal. If filler metal is used, it shall have amelting point and composition approximately the sameas the base metal.window: a transparent component

42、 that closes the frontof the case (see Fig. 2).window, heat-treated glass: a window of specially heat-treated (tempered) glass, which, when broken, will formASME B40.100-2013 (B40.1)Fig. 9 Recommended Case and Mounting DimensionsFlush/Surface Mounting DimensionsMounting Bolt Mounting Bolt Panel Open

43、ing Case Max. OutsideCircle Diameter Hole Diameter Diameter Diameter Note (1)Gauge Size in. mm in. mm in. mm in. mm1121.91 48.5 0.13 3.4 1.65 41.9 1.59 40.42 2.56 65.0 0.16 4.5 2.19 55.6 2.13 54.12123.13 79.5 0.16 4.5 2.81 71.4 2.75 69.93124.25 108 0.22 5.6 3.81 96.8 3.75 95.34125.38 137 0.22 5.6 4.

44、94 125 4.88 1246 7.00 178 0.28 7.1 6.50 165 6.44 1648129.63 245 0.28 7.1 9.00 229 8.94 22712 13.50 343 0.28 7.1 12.62 321 12.56 31916 17.00 432 0.28 7.1 16.50 419 16.44 418The sizes listed above are equal to the approximate inside diameter of the case, in inches, at the dial. The EN casesizes listed

45、 below define size as the outside diameter of the case. Because of this difference, gauges made to the inch-based sizes may not be interchangeable with those made to the EN sizes, even though the nominal sizes may be veryclose. For instance, the outside diameter of a size 212gauge may be as large as

46、 70 mm, 7 mm larger than that of anEN 63-mm gauge.EN 837.1 Case SizesMounting Bolt Circle Case Outside DiameterDiameter Note (2)Gauge Size mm in. mm in.40 51 2.01 40 1.5750 60 2.36 50 1.9763 75 2.95 63 2.4880 95 3.74 80 3.15100 118 4.65 100 3.94150 168 6.61 150 5.91160 178 7.01 160 6.30250 276 10.87

47、 250 9.84GENERAL NOTE: Contact supplier for actual mounting dimensions (panel openings, bolt circle diameter, etc.).NOTES:(1) Flush-mounted cases only.(2) The reader should reference ISO 3/ANSI Z17.1-1973 for additional details.14ASME B40.100-2013 (B40.1)into small, granular pieces, usually with no

48、jaggededges.window, laminated glass: a window with two or moresheets of glass held together by an intervening layer(s)of clear plastic. When it is cracked or broken, the piecesof glass tend to adhere to the plastic.window, plain glass: a window of commercial single ordouble strength plate or sheet g

49、lass.window, plastic: a window of transparent plastic.window, threaded: window, generally made of plastic,with integral threads that match threads on the case. Noseparate ring is required.3 GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS3.1 Gauge SizesSee Fig. 9.3.2 Typical RangesMany ranges in addition to the ones listed in para.3.2.1 are in common use.3.2.1 Positive Gauge Pressure. The following is alist of positive gauge pressure:in. H2O psi0/10 0/3 0/300 0/6,0000/15 0/5 0/600 0/10,0000/30 0/10 0/800 0/15,0000/60 0/15 0/1,000 0/20,0000/100 0/30 0/1,500 0/30,0000/200 0/60 0/2,000 0/40,0