ASME B5 56M-1994 Specification and Performance Standard Power Shears《动力剪切机规范和性能标准》.pdf

1、Specification and Performance Standard, AN AMERICAN I NATIONAL STANDARD Power Shears ASME B5.56M-1994 The American Society of Mechanical Engineers 345 East 47th Street, New York, N.Y. 1001 7 - Date of Issuance: December 9, 1994 This Standard will be revised when the Society approves the issuance of

2、a new edition. There will be no addenda or written interpretations of the require- ments of this Standard issued to this Edition. ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria

3、for American National Standards. The Consensus Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals from competent and concerned interests have had an oppor- tunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was made available for public review and comment which pr

4、ovides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia, reg- ulatory agencies, and the public-at-large. ASME does not “approve,“ “rate,“ or “endorse“ any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity. ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent

5、 rights asserted in connection with any items mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability for infringement of any applicable Letters Patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advised that determinat

6、ion of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted as government or industry endorsement of this code or sta

7、ndard. ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations issued in accordance with governing ASME procedures and policies which preclude the issuance of interpretations by individual vol- unteers. No part of this document may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or o

8、therwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Copyright 0 1994 by THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS All Rights Reserved Printed in U.S.A. FOREWORD (This Foreword is not part of ASME B5.56M-1994.) Recognizing the need for an industry standard for power shears, the Americ

9、an Society of Mechanical Engineers Committee on Machine Tools and Components (B5) established in Feb- ruary 1990 a technical committee, B5 TC31, to develop the first American standard relating to this equipment. In the latter part of February 1990 an organizational meeting was held to develop this S

10、tandard. The make-up of this committee consists of power shears manufacturers, distributors, and users. The technical committees objective was to develop a standard to define and describe power shear specification and performance. To accomplish this objective, the committee approached this task by i

11、nviting the North American shear manufacturers and users to submit basic data relative to the subject of this Standard so the committee could study, determine the variations, and obtain a consensus def- inition for a standard for power shears. This committee has adhered to the ANSI B5.51M- 1987 Pref

12、erred Metric SI units for Machine Tools in the preparation of this Standard. Following approval by ASME, the document was submitted to the American National Stan- dards Institute, and was approved as an American National Standard on August 18, 1994. Suggestions for improvement of this Standard are w

13、elcomed. They should be addressed to the Secretary, ASME B5 Committee, United Engineering Center, 345 E. 47th St., New York, N.Y. 10017. POWER SHEAR SAFETY REQUIREMENTS The ASME B5.56M-1994 does not cover safety. Safety requirements for the construction, care, and use of power shears are specified i

14、n the latest edition of the American National Standard B11.4. . 111 ASME STANDARDS COMMITTEE B5 Machine Tools - Components, Elements, Performance, and Equipment (The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.) OFFICERS H. Cooper, Chairman P. Stumpf, Secretary

15、COMMITTEE PERSONNEL A. M. Bratkovich, P.E., National Machine Tool Builders Association, McLean, Virginia D. L. Lewis, Kennametal, Inc., Raleigh, North Carolina D. Lovett, U. S. Department of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards, Gaithersburg, Maryland G. R. Rawlinson, P.E., Rawlinson con- trol, fo

16、ot or PSD; control, pedal (treadle); two hand trip anti-repeat - that function of the control system de- signed to limit the shear to a single cycle (stroke) if the tripping or actuating means is held operated automatic (full) - see continuous awareness barrier - an attachment that by physical conta

17、ct warns personnel of an approaching or present hazard awareness device - a signal or device that, by means of audible sound or visual light, warns of a present or approaching hazard barrier - a physical boundary to a hazard bed - the stationary member of the (shear) that sup- ports the (fixed blade

18、) and other associated equipment blade (knife) - a tool having a cutting edge(s) used in the manufacture of production parts bow - a curvature of the face of the workpiece which prevents it from laying flat on the shear table brake - a mechanism for stopping, slowing, or pre- venting motion camber -

19、 a curvature of the edge of the workpiece which prevents continuous contact to a gauge stop caution - see warning clutch - an assembly, that when engaged, transmits torque to impart motion from a driving member to a dri- ven member clutch, part revolution - a type of clutch that may be engaged or di

20、sengaged during the shear cycle (stroke) clutch,full revolution - a type of clutch that, when en- gaged, cannot be disengaged until the shear has com- pleted a full cycle (stroke) connection (connecting rod) (pitman) - the part of the shear that transmits motion and force from the revolving crank or

21、 eccentric to the ram continuous (automatic) (full automatic) - uninter- rupted, multiple cycles (strokes) without intervening stops at the end of an individual cycle (stroke) control, foot - a foot operated mechanism (other than a mechanical pedal) for use with the shear control sys- tem control, f

22、oot pedal, (mechanical) - a foot operated le- ver designed to actuate and engage the clutch and dis- engage the brake to cause ram motion control, hand - a hand operated mechanism for use with shear control system control, numerical - a shear controller or control sys- tem that is capable of logic a

23、nd information processing without manual intervention control, operator - a pushbutton, switch, lever, hand- wheel, or other device activated by the operator which initiates, cycles, controls, or stops motion of the shear control, presence sensing device (PSD) - a presence sensing device (PSD) is us

24、ed as an actuating means control, emergency (master) stop - a control that, when actuated, initiates immediate or controlled stopping ac- tion of the hazardous motion of the shear control, stop or return - a control that, when actuated, initiates immediate or controlled stopping action of the hazard

25、ous motion and causes the slide(s) (ram) to return to its initial open position control, two hand - a control arrangement that re- quires the concurrent use of both of the operators hands to initiate or continue the shear cycle (stroke) counterbalance (system) - means provided to balance the recipro

26、cating weight of the ram, drive members, and slide (ram) attachments 9 ASME B5.56M-1994 SPECIFICATION AND PERFORMANCE STANDARD, POWER SHEARS cycle (work, machine or single cycle; single stroke) - guard, fixed barrier - a guard affixed to the frame, a complete movement from the initial start position

27、 back bolster, or other surface in such a manner so as to en- to the same start position of the ram shear which may close all or part of the point of operation or other hazard include loading and unloading area (zone) device, barrier gate (safety) - a mechanism that is de- signed to allow compacted

28、parts to pass through it to the point of operation but restricts the entry of the operator to the point of operation device, hold out (restraint) (safety) - a device includ- ing attachments for the operators hands and wrists that prevents the operator from reaching the pont of opera- tion device, pr

29、esence sensing (safety) - a device designed, constructed, and arranged to create a sensing field, area, or plane that will detect the presence of the operators or others hand or other body part and send a signal to the shear control system device, safeguarding (safety) - a means that detects or prev

30、ents inadvertent access to a hazard drive (mechanical) - the source of mechanical energy for shear motion drive, direct - the type of driving arrangement which does not use a clutch eccentric - the offset portion of the main shaft or main gear that governs the distance that the ram travels ejector -

31、 a mechanism for removing a workpiece or material from the point of operation ergonomics - the study of the workerlmachine inter- face for the purpose of adapting the workplace, ma- chine, and job to fit the worker feeding - the process of loading or removing material or workpieces into or from the

32、shear frame - the basic and primary structure of the shear gauge, material position - a stop against which the material or workpiece is placed to locate it within the point of operation gap - see throat gauge, buck - a stop against which the workpiece edge, furthest from the operator, is placed to d

33、etermine part size gauge, front - a stop against which the workpiece edge, closest to the operator, is placed to determine part size gauge, side - a stop against which the workpiece edge, located to either the left or right of the operator, is placed gibs - the machine members used for guiding the r

34、am (slide) guard, holddown - a guard which prevents entry to the pinch point hazard caused by the hold down(s) guard, perimeter - a physical barrier located at the pe- rimeter or segment of the shear (or within the system or cell) handling slot - a recess below the table surface that aids in the han

35、dling or positioning of the material or workpieces holddown - a mechanism that restrains movement of the workpiece during the shearing action housing - see the side frame inch - to impart momentary motion to the shear by manual means jog - see inch knife - see blade manual (operation) - the operatio

36、n of the shear re- quires the operator initiate and maintain the motion of the machine during the cycle (stroke) or a portion of the cycle (stroke) by use of the actuating means mode - the state or condition of the control system which allows specific operations of the shear operator - an individual

37、 who performs production work and who controls the shear pedal (treadle). foot - a foot actuated lever designed to operate the mechanical linkage plate - flat material having dimensions of over 5 mm (7 gauge) thickness and 228 mm (9 in.) or more in width point of entry - the opening(s) of a shear th

38、rough which the material or a workpiece is placed (inserted) for pro- cessing point of operation - the location in the shear where the material or workpiece is positioned and work is per- formed probe - a device that indicates the presence of material or workpiece by pressure, contact, electronic or

39、 electro- optical means programmable logic control (PLC) - an electronic system which performs logical, decision making, or arithmetic functions by executing instructions in a spe- cific manner. A PLC usually includes input and output elements (ports) and is usually reprogrammable. rake - the inclin

40、ation of one blade with respect to the other in the shearing plane, commonly expressed in de- guard - a barrier which prevents entry into the point grees of operation or other hazard area (zone) ram - the linear moving machine member 10 SPECIFICATION AND PERFORMANCE STANDARD, POWER SHEARS ASME B5.56

41、M-1994 run - single or continuous cycling (stroking) of a shear safeguarding - methods for protection of personnel from hazards using guards, safety devices, or safe work procedures safeguarding, safe distance - a method of workpiece positioning and operator location that eliminates the need for the

42、 operator to be in or near the hazardous area dur- ing the hazardous portion of the shear cycle (stroke) scrap - fragments of stock removed in the manufac- turing; process waste or discarded material selector, mode (stroking) (operating mode) - one or more means used to establish the shear operating

43、 se- quence setup - the process of adjusting the shear and the in- stallation and adjustment of work holding devices or tooling and appropriate safeguarding to ensure proper and safe operation of the shear sheet - flat material having dimensions less than or equal to 5 mm (7 gauge) thickness and 228

44、 mm (9 in.) or more in width single stroke (cycle) capability - a mechanism or con- trol arrangement used to automatically initiate stopping action of the shear (slide) (ram) at the completion of the cycle (stroke) speed, cut rate - the number of ram cycles completed in one minute while shearing a s

45、pecified material of a given length speed, ram - the number of ram cycles completed in one minute without shearing material squaring, arm - a stop against which the workpiece edge, located to either the left or right of the operator, is placed to establish a right angle between the edge and the lowe

46、r blade station, work - the area on the machine where shearing is performed stop control, emergency - see control, (emergency) (master) stop stop, top (cycle) (stroke) - an operator control used to stop continuous cycling (stroking) at the end of the cycle (stroke) or at another predetermined point

47、support arm - an extension mounted to the shear table to increase the area available for support of the work- piece support, ball - a workpiece support which rolls against the bottom of the workpiece to improve handling and reduce marring table - that part of the shear on which material or workpiece

48、s are positioned throat (gap) - an opening or recess in the frame (hous- ing) to permit the positioning of material or workpieces treadle bar (foot) - the operating bar that extends the full length of the shear and to which a foot pedal (trea- dle) may be attached trip (tripping) - the momentary act

49、uation of the shear control or mechanism to initiate the shear cycle (stroke) twist - a helical curvature of the workpiece two hand trip - an actuating means that requires con- current use of both hands of the operator to trip the shear 11 SPECIFICATION AND PERFORMANCE STANDARD, POWER SHEARS ASME B5.56M-I994 APPENDIX B METRWENGLISH CONVERSION TABLES (This Appendix is an integral part of ASME B5.56M-1994 and is placed after the main text for convenience.) (See Table on following page.) 13 Length Inches to Millimeters Inches mm 0.001 0.0254 0.005 0.1 270 0.010 0.2540 0.01 5 0.3810 0.020 0.5080