ASME B89 1 14-2018 Calipers.pdf

1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDASME B89.1.14-2018CalipersASME B89.1.1 4-2018C alipersAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDxDate of Issuance: May 31, 2018This Standard will be revised when the Society appr oves the issuance of a new edition.ASME issues writt en replies to inquiries concerning int erpretations

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11、e publisher .The American Society of Mechanical EngineersTwo Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2018 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.CONTENTSForeword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ivCommittee Roster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vCorrespondence With the B89 Committee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi1 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14、. . . . . . . . . . . . 13 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Caliper Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

15、 Maximum Permissible Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Nonmandatory AppendicesA Good Operating Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7B Environmental Considera

16、tions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9C Measurement Uncertainty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Figures5.10.4-1 Testing Partial Surface Contact Error Example Tes

17、t Points on Two Calipers Showing DifferentLengths and Different Distances From the Beam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.10.6-1 Testing Line Contact Error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.10.7

18、-1 Testing Scale Shift Error Inside Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.10.7-2 Testing Scale Shift Error Depth Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.10.7-3 Testing Scale Shift Error Step Measurement . . .

19、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.10.8-1 Effect of Crossed Knife-Edge Internal Measuring Faces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.10.8-2 Testing Scale Shift Error Internal Measurement With Crossed Knife-Edge . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20、. . 6Tables5.8-1 Maximum Permissible Errors of Calipers With Measuring Range Up to 1 000 mm (40 in.) . . . . . 35.10.4-1 Number of Test Points for EMPE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4C-4.1-1 Uncertainty Budget for Performance Verificatio

21、n of the Partial Surface Contact Error for a0-mm to 150-mm Digital Caliper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12iiiFOREWORDASME B89 Standards Committee on Dimensional Metrology, under procedures approved by the American NationalStandards Institute

22、, has the responsibility of preparing standards that encompass the inspection and the means ofmeasuring characteristics of various geometrical parameters such as diameter, length, flatness, parallelism, concentricity,taper, and squareness. Since calipers are widely used for the measurement and compa

23、rison of some of these features, theB89 Consensus Committee authorized formation of Project Team B89.1.14 to prepare this Standard.The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) also develops standards in dimensional metrology. ISO stan-dards are applicable in the United States but may not

24、 address all the needs of American industry, such as the use of both theU.S. Customary and SI systems. This Standard has been developed to be consistent with ISO 13385-1:2011, whichaddresses the design and metrological characteristics of calipers. This Standard has also been developed to complementI

25、SO 13385-1:2011 by providing additional information useful in the specification, verification, and calibration of calipers.This Standard is not intended to contradict ISO 13385-1:2011 but does include additional technical information andrequirements that exceed ISO 13385-1:2011.This Standard adopted

26、 some material from the obsolete Federal Specification GGG-C-111C, published by GeneralServices Administration (GSA), as well as manufacturers current practices and technologies. In addition, thisStandard includes many of the uncertainty and traceability concepts developed and standardized by the AS

27、MEB89.7 Subcommittee.This Standard was approved by the American National Standards Institute on February 27, 2018.ivASME B89 COMMITTEEDimensional Metrology(The following is the roster of the committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERST. C. Charlton, Jr., ChairS.

28、D. Phillips, Vice ChairR. Richmond, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELT. C. Charlton, Jr., Charlton AssociatesB. Crowe, CDI Engineering SolutionsJ. D. Drescher, UTC Pratt however, they should not contain proprietary names orinformation.viRequests that are not in the format described above may be

29、 rewritten in the appropriate format by the Committee priorto being answered, which may inadvertently change the intent of the original request.Moreover, ASME does not act as a consultant for specific engineering problems or for the general application orunderstanding of the Standard requirements. I

30、f, based on the inquiry information submitted, it is the opinion ofthe Committee that the Inquirer should seek assistance, the inquiry will be returned with the recommendationthat such assistance be obtained.ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of any interpretation when or if additional info

31、rmation that might affectan interpretation is available. Further, persons aggrieved by an interpretation may appeal to the cognizant ASMECommittee or Subcommittee. ASME does not “approve, ” “certify, ” “rate, ” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietarydevice, or activity.Attending Committee M

32、eetings. The B89 Standards Committee regularly holds meetings and/or telephone confer-ences that are open to the public. Persons wishing to attend any meeting and/or telephone conference should contact theSecretary of the B89 Standards Committee. Future Committee meeting dates and locations can be f

33、ound on the CommitteePage at http:/go.asme.org/B89committee.viiINTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANKviiiCALIPERS1 SCOPEThis Standard provides the essential requirements forthe specification, verification, and calibration of calipers,including vernier, dial, electronic digital, and specialtycalipers. ISO 13385-1

34、provides for the international defi-nition of the design and metrological characteristics ofcalipers important in the specification, manufacture,and purchase of calipers; however, ISO 13385-1 doesnot provide specification values, detailed test methods,or sufficient discussion of traceability and mea

35、surementuncertainty to ensure consistent practice in the calibrationof calipers. This Standard is intended to complement, notcontradict, ISO 13385-1. For the verification or calibrationof calipers, this Standard provides sufficient detail suchthat the user does not require access to ISO 13385-1.2 DE

36、FINITIONSThe definitions in ASME B89.7.1, ISO 13385-1:2011, andJCGM 200 apply in the use of this Standard.3 REFERENCESASME B89.6.2-1973 (R2003), Temperature and HumidityEnvironment for Dimensional MeasurementASME B89.7.1-2016, Guidelines for AddressingMeasurement Uncertainty in the Development andAp

37、plication of ASME B89 Standards (Technical Report)ASME B89.7.3.1-2001, Guidelines for Decision Rules:Considering Measurement Uncertainty inDetermining Conformance to SpecificationsASME B89.7.3.2-2007, Guidelines for the Evaluation ofDimensional Measurement UncertaintyASME B89.7.5-2006, Metrological

38、Traceability ofDimensional Measurements to the SI Unit of LengthPublisher: The American Society of Mechanical Engineers(ASME), Two Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990(www.asme.org)ISO 1:2016, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) Standard reference temperature for the specification ofgeometrical

39、 and dimensional propertiesISO 13385-1:2011, Geometrical product specifications(GPS) Dimensional measuring equipment Part1: Callipers; Design and metrological characteristicsISO 14253-5:2015, Geometrical product specifications(GPS) Inspection by measurement of workpiecesand measuring equipment Part

40、5: Uncertainty in veri-fication testing of indicating measuring instrumentsPublisher: International Organization for Standardization(ISO), Central Secretariat, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CasePostale 401, 1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland(www.iso.org)JCGM 100:2008, Evaluation of measurement data Guideto

41、 the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM)JCGM 200:2008, International vocabulary of metrology Basic and general concepts and associated terms (VIM,third edition)Publisher: Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology,Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM),Pavillon de Breteuil, F-92312

42、 Svres Cedex, France(www.bipm.org)4 CALIPER DESIGN4.1 GeneralAs defined in ISO 13385-1, calipers shall incorporate theuse of a movable slider with a measuring jaw that movesalong a frame or beam with a stationary jaw to provideoutside, inside, and when designed, step and/or depthmeasurements. The ge

43、neral design and workmanshipof calipers shall be such to ensure compliance with therequirements of this Standard and ISO 13385-1 acrossthe measuring range of the caliper and in any orientation,unless otherwise specified by the manufacturer.4.2 Least Count(a) Vernier calipers using SI units shall pro

44、vide read-ings to a least count of 0.05 mm or 0.02 mm. Dial calipersusing SI units shall provide readings to a least count of 0.05mm, 0.02 mm, or 0.01 mm. Electronic digital calipers usingSI units shall provide readings to a least count of 0.01 mm.(b) Vernier or dial calipers using U.S. Customary un

45、itsshall provide readings to a least count of 0.001 in.Electronic digital calipers using U.S. Customary unitsshall provide readings to a least count of 0.001 in. or0.0005 in.5 MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE ERRORS5.1 GeneralThe maximum permissible errors (MPE) are specifiedlimit values for errors that apply to

46、 all measurementspermitted for use of the caliper as defined by the manu-facturer and following proper operation and zero settingwith the outside measuring faces. For general guidance ongood operating procedures involving calipers, seeNonmandatory Appendices A and B .ASME B89.1.14-201815.2 OperatorC

47、alipers are manually operated indicating measuringinstruments and as such the measurement results aredependent on the skill of the operator. All specificationsapply when a reasonably skilled operator uses the caliperin a manner consistent with normal operation of thecaliper and in accordance with th

48、e manufacturersrecommendations.5.3 Zero SettingMost calipers are equipped with the ability to adjust thezero point. For calipers with adjustable zero points, themetrological characteristics described in this Standard(see para. 5.10 ) apply when the outside measuringfaces are properly brought into co

49、ntact with eachother for zero setting. For calipers without an adjustablezero, e.g., some vernier calipers, there may be a nonzeroerror when the outside measuring faces are broughttogether. This error shall be included in the evaluationof the metrological characteristics without correction.5.4 IndicationThe specified MPE values apply to any and all uniquemeasurement indications made under reasonable use ofthe caliper. Averaging of several test values or other datatreatment is not permitted when determining confor-mance to specifications.5.5 TemperatureAll specifi