ASME HST-4-1999 Performance Standard for Overhead Electric Wire Rope Hoists (HST-4 - 1999)《高架式电动钢索提升机的性能标准》.pdf

1、 Intentionally left blank PERFORMANCE STANDARD FOR OVERHEAD ELECTRIC WIRE ROPE HOISTS ASME HST-4-1 NUN Revision of ASME HST-4M-1991 (R1 SS6) The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Date of Issuance: November IO, 1999 This Standard will be revised when the Society approves the issuance of a new

2、edition. There will be no addenda or written interpretations of the requirements of this Standard issued to this edition. ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for Amer

3、ican National Standards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals from competent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was made available for public review and comment that provides an o

4、pportunity for additional public input from industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large. ASME does not “approve,“ “rate,“ or “endorse“ any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity. ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asser

5、ted in connection with any items mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability for infringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assumes any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advised that determination of the v

6、alidity of any such patent rights, and the risk of the infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Participation by federal agency representative(?.) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted as government or industry endorsement of this code or standard.

7、ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the established ASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals. No part of this document may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval syste

8、m or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990 Copyright 0 1999 by THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS All Rights Reserved Printed in U.S.A. This Standard is one in a series that

9、provide performance requirements for hoists and was originally issued in 1985. It was developed by the ASME Standards Committee HST, Hoists - Overhead. It is intended to serve as a guide to manufacturers of the equipment, and to the purchasers and users of the equipment. Other Standards in this seri

10、es are: HST-1 Electric Chain Hoists HST-2 Hand Chain Manually Operated Chain Hoists HST-3 Manually Lever Operated Chain Hoists HST-4 Electric Wire Rope Hoists HST-5 Air Chain Hoists HST-6 Air Wire Rope Hoists This revision adds a new appendix that, in conjunction with ASME HST-4, is intended to repl

11、ace MIL-H- 153 17. Suggestions for improvement of this Standard are welcomed. They should be sent to The American Society of Mechanical Engineers; Attn: Secretary, HST Main Committee; Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990. This Standard was approved as an American National Standard on July 12,

12、1999. iii Intentionally left blank ASME STANDARDS COMMITTEE HST Hoists - Overhead (The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.) OFFICERS A. R. Toth, Chair C. J. Gomez, Secretary COMMITTEE PERSONNEL C. J. Gomez, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers D

13、. A. Merkel, Square D Co. E. R. Naylor, Campbell Chain R. R. Reisinger, FKI Industries, Inc. A. R. Toth, Harnischfeger Industries, Inc. F. W. Weidner, Naval Sea Systems Command V Intentionally left blank Foreword Committee Roster 1 General . 1.1 Scope . 1.2 The Appendices 1.3 Reference Standards 1.4

14、 Definitions . 2 Performance . 2.1 General 2.2 Hoist Duty Service Classification 2.3 Application Analysis 2.4 Specification of Lift, Headroom. and Reach 2.5 Hoist and Trolley Speeds . 2.6 Types of Trolleys 3 Mechanical 3.1 Design Stresses 3.2 Load Blocks . 3.3 Hooks . 3.4 Hoisting Rope 3.5 Rope Shea

15、ves 3.6 Drum 3.7 Reeving 3.8 Bearings . 3.9 Hoist Brakes . 3.10 Brakes for Motor Driven Trolleys . 3.1 I Trolley 3.12 Overload Limiting Device 3.13 Overtravel Protection . 3.14 Hand Chain (Hand Chain Operated Trolleys) 4 Electrical . 4.1 General 4.2 Motors 4.3 Controllers . 4.4 Control Enclosures .

16、4.5 Resistors . 4.6 Current Conductor Systems . . 111 V 9 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 13 13 13 vii 5 Testing. Marking. Manuals. Installation. Maintenance. and Operating Procedures 5.1 Testing of Hoists . 5.2 Marking (by Manufacturer) . 5.4 Installation (Users Responsibility) .

17、5.5 Maintenance and Operating Procedures 1 Hoist Mounting Headroom. Lift. and Reach . 3 Rope Clips Tables 1 Hoist Duty Service Classification . 2 Typical Hoist and Motorized Trolley Speeds 3 Typical Rated Motor Voltages 5.3 Manual Figures 2 Single and Double Reeving Nonmandatory Appendices A Perform

18、ance Requirements for Electric Wire Rope Hoists Used in Marine and Other Applications as Required by the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) . B Examples of Detailed Application Analysis 13 13 13 14 14 14 3 5 10 7 9 12 17 25 . VI11 ASME HST-4-1999 PERFORMANCE STANDARD FOR OVERHEAD ELECTRIC WIRE ROPE HO

19、ISTS 1 GENERAL 1.1 Scope (a) This Standard establishes performance require- ments for electric wire rope hoists for vertical lifting service involving material handling of freely suspended (unguided) loads using wire rope with one of the following types of suspension: (1) lug; (2) hook; (3) trolley;

20、 (4) base or deck mounted (does not include base mounted drum hoists of the type covered by ASME B30.7); (5) wall or ceiling mounted (does not include base mounted drum hoists of the type covered by ASME B30.7). (b) This Standard is applicable to hoists manufactured after the date on which this Stan

21、dard is issued. This Standard is not applicable to: (I) damaged or malfunctioning hoists; (2) hoists that have been misused or abused; (3) hoists that have been altered without authoriza- tion of the manufacturer or a qualified person; (4) hoists used for the purpose of drawing both the load and the

22、 hoist up or down the hoists own wire rope; 1.3 Reference Standards The following documents form a part of this Standard to the extent specified herein. The latest issue shall apply. ANSI/NEMA 2535.4, Product Safety Signs and Labels ANSVNEMA MGI , Motors and Generators ANSVNEMA ICs-1, General Standa

23、rds for Industrial ANSINEMA 250, Enclosures for Electrical Equipment Publisher: National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA), 1300 North 17th Street, Rosslyn, VA 22209 Control and Systems ANSINFPA 70, National Electrical Code Publisher: National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterym

24、arch Park, Quincy, MA 02269-9101 ASME B30.7, Base Mounted Hoists ASME B30.9, Slings ASME B30.10, Hooks ASME B30.11, Monorails and Underhung Cranes ASME B30.16, Overhead Hoists (Underhung) ASME B30.17, Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top Running Bridge, Single Girder, and Underhung Hoist) Publisher: The

25、American Society of Mechanical Engi- neers (ASME), Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990; Order Department: 22 Law Drive, Box 2900, Fairfield, NJ 07007-2900 (5) hoists used for marine and other applications as required by the Department of Defense (DOD). 1.4 Definitions abnormal operating condi

26、tions: environmental condi- 1.2 The Appendices tions which are unfavorable, harmful, or detrimental Nonmandatory Appendix A, Performance Require- to or for the operation of a hoist, such as excessively ments for Electric Wire Rope Hoists Used in Marine corrosive fumes, dust laden or moisture laden a

27、tmo- high or low ambient temperatures, exposure to weather, and Other Applications as Required by the U.S. Depart- ment of Defense (DOD), applies to the performance spheres, and hazardous locations. _. requirements for hoists used in marine and other applica- ambient temperature: the temperature of

28、the atmo- tions. The requirements stated in Appendix A are in sphere surrounding the hoist. addition to the requirements Of HST-4-1999 base or deck mounted: a type of mounting where the and must be separately invoked. Application Analysis, includes examples of hoist appli- Nonmandatory Appendix B, E

29、xamples of Detailed ing surface. hoist is mounted to the top side of a horizontal support- cations as an aid to users in making the selection of beam: an overhead standard structural or specially the proper hoist for the application. fabricated shape on which the trolley operates. 1 ASME HST-4-1999

30、PERFORMANCE STANDARD FOR OVERHEiAD ELECTRIC WIRE ROPE HOISTS brake: a device, other than a motor, used for retarding headroom: headroom is measured with the load hook or stopping hoist or trolley motion by friction or power at its upper limit of travel and is the distance from means. the saddle of t

31、he load hook to the following locations - ceiling mounted: a type of hoist mounting where the hoist is mounted to the underside of a horizontal supporting surface. (see Fig. 1): pended hoists see Fig. 1, sketch (a); (a) centerline of the suspension holes on lug SUS- (b) saddle of the top hook on hoo

32、k suwended hoists Class 1 locations: locations in which flammable gases see Fig. 1, sketch (b); or vapors are or may be present in the air in quantities (c) bottom of the beam on trolley suspended hoists sufficient to produce explosive or ignitable mixtures. see Fig. 1, sketch (c); Class 2 locations

33、: locations which are hazardous be- (d) supporting surface on base and deck mounted cause of the presence of combustible dust. (e) uppermost point of hoist on wall and ceiling Class 3 locations: locations which are hazardous be- mounted hoists isee Fig. 1, sketches (e) and (01. cause of the presence

34、 of easily ignitable fibers or flyings, but in which such fibers or flyings are not hoist: a suspended machinery unit which is used for likely to be in suspension in the air in quantities lifting or lowering a freely suspended (unguided) load. sufficient to produce ignitable mixtures. hoist speed: t

35、he rate of motion that the load hook contactor: an electromechanical device for opening attains lifting rated load. and closing an electric power circuit. holding brake: a friction brake for a hoist which is control actuator: a manual means at the operating automatically applied and Prevents motion

36、when Power station by which hoist controls are energized. is off. control braking means: a method of controlling speed hook, latch VPe: a type of hook with a mechanical by removing energy from the moving body or by device to bridge the throat opening of the hook. hoists see Fig. 1, sketch (d); impar

37、ting energy in the opposite direction. control enclosure: the housing containing the electrical control components. countertorque: a method of controlling speed by applying a variable motor torque in the direction oppo- site to the direction that the motor is rotating due to being overhauled by the

38、load. cushioned start: an electrical or mechanical method for reducing the rate of acceleration of trolley motion. dynamic: a method of controlling speed by using the motor as a generator, with the energy being dissipated by resistance. eddy current: a method of controlling or reducing speed by mean

39、s of an electrical induction load brake. hand chain: the chain provided to control movement of a hand chain operated trolley. hazardous (classiJed) locations: locations where fire or explosion hazards may exist. Locations are classified depending on the properties of the flammable vapors, liquids or

40、 gases, or combustible dusts or fibers which may be present and the likelihood that a flammable or combustible concentration or quantity is present. (Refer to National Electrical Code, ANSVNFPA 70) hook, suspended: suspension of hoist from a trolley or rigid structure by means of a hook(s) at top of

41、 hoist. lateral hook travel: the lateral movement of the load hook between its position at the upper limit of travel and its position at the. lower limit of travel. lift: the maximum vertical distance through which the load hook can travel, and the total allowable hook movement between its upper lim

42、it of travel and its position when at the lower limit of travel (see Fig. 1). lift limiting device: an electrical, mechanical, or elec- tromechanical device lor limiting the upward or down- ward travel of the load hook at the extremities of lift. This device may limit lift at any point within the ex

43、tremities of lift, if designed to be adjustable. lifting devices: devices that are not normally reeved onto the hoist ropes such as hook-on buckets, magnets, grabs, and other supplemental devices used for handling certain types of loads. The weight of these devices is to be considered part of the lo

44、ad to be lifted. load: the total imposed weight on the load block or load hook including lifting devices. load block: the assembly of hook or shackle, swivel, bearing, pins, sheaves, and frame suspended by the 2 PERFORMANCE STANDARD FOR OVERHEAD ELECTRIC WIRE ROPE HOISTS ASME HST-4-1999 (b) Hook Sus

45、pended (e) Trolley Suspended (dl Base or Deck Mounted GENERAL NOTE: (e) Wall Mounted (fl Ceiling Mounted Illustrations shown are not intended to confine the use of single or double reeving. Each of the mountings may be used with either type of reeving. FIG. 1 HOIST MOUNTING HEADROOM, LIFT, AND REACH

46、 3 ASME HST-4-1999 PERFORMANCE STANDARD FOR OVERHEAD ELECTRIC WIRE ROPE HOISTS rope. This shall include all appurtenances reeved into the rope. load hook: the hook used to connect the load to the hoist. load suspension parts: the load suspension parts, are the means of suspension (trolley, hook, or

47、lug), the structure or housing that supports the drum, the rope, the sheaves, and the load block. lug suspended: a hoist suspended from a trolley or permanent structure by means of bolt(s) or pin(s) through a rigid or swivel type lug. magnetic control: a means of controlling the direction and speed

48、of the hoist and trolley by using magnetic contactors and relays. mechanical braking means: a method of controlling or reducing speed by friction. mechanical load brake: an automatic type of friction brake used for controlling loads in a lowering direction. This unidirectional device requires torque

49、 from the motor to lower a load but does not impose additional load on the motor when lifting a load. minimum radius: the smallest radius of the beam, measured to the centerline of the web of the beam, on which the trolley will operate. normal operating conditions: conditions during which a hoist is performing functions within the scope of the original design. overload: any load greater than the rated load. parts (lines): number of lines of rope supporting the load block or hook. pendant station: electri