ASME HST-5-2014 Performance Standard for Air Chain Hoists《气动链式起重机的性能标准》.pdf

1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ASME HST-52014Revision of ASME HST-51999 (R2010)Performance Standard for Air Chain HoistsASME HST-52014Revision of ASME HST-51999 (R2010)PerformanceStandard for AirChain HoistsAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDTwo Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 USADate of Issuance: July 11,

2、2014This Standard will be revised when the Society approves the issuance of a new edition.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of thisStandard. Interpretations are published on the Committee Web page and undergo.asme.org/InterpsDatabase. Periodical

3、ly certain actions of the ASME HST Committee may bepublished as Cases. Cases are published on the ASME Web site under the HST Committee Page atgo.asme.org/HSTcommittee as they are issued.Errata to codes and standards may be posted on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages toprovide corrections

4、to incorrectly published items, or to correct typographical or grammatical errorsin codes and standards. Such errata shall be used on the date posted.The HST Committee Page can be found at go.asme.org/HSTcommittee. There is an option availableto automatically receive an e-mail notification when erra

5、ta are posted to a particular code or standard.This option can be found on the appropriate Committee Page after selecting “Errata” in the “PublicationInformation” section.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under proced

6、ures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was madeavailable for

7、 public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect

8、to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expres

9、slyadvised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, isentirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted asgovernment or industry endorsem

10、ent of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an

11、electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersTwo Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2014 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.CONTENTSForeword ivCommi

12、ttee Roster . vCorrespondence With the HST Committee viChapter 5-0 Scope, Definitions, References, and AppendicesSection 5-0.1 Scope 1Section 5-0.2 Definitions . 1Section 5-0.3 References . 4Section 5-0.4 Appendices 4Chapter 5-1 PerformanceSection 5-1.1 General 5Section 5-1.2 Hoist Duty Service Clas

13、sification . 5Section 5-1.3 Specification of Lift, Headroom, and Reach . 5Section 5-1.4 Speeds: Hoist and Trolley . 6Section 5-1.5 Trolleys 6Section 5-1.6 Control 7Section 5-1.7 Typical Air Chain Hoist and Trolley Inquiry Data . 7Figures5-0.2-1 Headroom, Lift, and Reach . 35-0.2-2 Reeving 3Tables5-1

14、.2.3-1 Air Chain Hoist Duty Service Classification . 55-1.4-1 Typical Hoist and Motorized Trolley Speeds . 6Form5-1.7-1 Typical Air Chain Hoist and Trolley Inquiry Data Form . 8Nonmandatory AppendixA Performance Requirements for Air Chain Hoists Used in Marine andOther Applications as Required by th

15、e U.S. Department of Defense(DOD) . 9iiiFOREWORDThis Standard is one in a series that provide performance requirements for hoists and wasoriginally issued in 1985. It was developed by The American Society of Mechanical Engineers(ASME) HST Standards Committee, Hoists Overhead. It is intended to serve

16、 as a guide tomanufacturers of the equipment and to the purchasers and users of the equipment.Standards in this series areHST-l, Electric Chain HoistsHST-2, Hand Chain Manually Operated Chain HoistsHST-3, Manually Lever Operated Chain HoistsHST-4, Electric Wire Rope HoistsHST-5, Air Chain HoistsHST-

17、6, Air Wire Rope HoistsThis revision contains a Nonmandatory Appendix that, in conjunction with ASME HST-5, isintended to replace MIL-H-2813 and MIL-H-24591.The format of this Standard is in accordance with the 2010 edition ofThe ASME Codes however, they shouldnot contain proprietary names or inform

18、ation.Requests that are not in this format may be rewritten in the appropriate format by the Committeeprior to being answered, which may inadvertently change the intent of the original request.ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of any interpretation when or if additionalinformation that mig

19、ht affect an interpretation is available. Further, persons aggrieved by aninterpretation may appeal to the cognizant ASME Committee or Subcommittee. ASME does not“approve,” “certify,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.Attending Committee Meetings. The HST S

20、tandards Committee regularly holds meetings thatare open to the public. Persons wishing to attend any meeting should contact the Secretary ofthe HST Standards Committee. Future Committee meeting dates and locations can be found onthe Committee Page at go.asme.org/HSTcommittee.viASME HST-52014PERFORM

21、ANCE STANDARD FOR AIR CHAIN HOISTSChapter 5-0Scope, Definitions, References, and AppendicesSECTION 5-0.1 SCOPE(a) This Standard establishes performance require-ments for air-powered chain hoists for vertical liftingservice involving material handling of freely suspended(unguided) loads using load ch

22、ain of the roller or weldedlink types with one of the following types of suspension:(1) lug(2) hook or clevis(3) trolley(b) This Standard is applicable to hoists manufacturedafter the date on which this Standard is issued. It is notapplicable to(1) damaged or malfunctioning hoists;(2) hoists that ha

23、ve been misused or abused;(3) hoists that have been altered without authoriza-tion of the manufacturer or a qualified person;(4) hoists used for lifting or supporting people;(5) hoists used for the purpose of drawing both theload and the hoist up or down the hoists own loadchain(s); or(6) hoists use

24、d for marine and other applicationsas required by the Department of Defense (DOD).The requirements of this Standard shall be appliedtogether with the requirements of ASME B30.16. Pleasealso refer to ASME B30.16 for requirements pertainingto marking, construction, and installation; inspection,testing

25、, and maintenance; and operation.SECTION 5-0.2 DEFINITIONSabnormal operating conditions: environmental conditionsthat are unfavorable, harmful, or detrimental to the oper-ation of a hoist, such as excessively high or low tempera-tures, exposure to weather, corrosive fumes, dust-ladenor moisture-lade

26、n atmospheres, and hazardouslocations.ambient temperature: the temperature of the atmospheresurrounding the hoist.beam: an overhead standard structural or specially fabri-cated shape on which the trolley operates.1brake: a device, other than a motor, used for retardingor stopping hoist or trolley mo

27、tion by friction or powermeans.brake, holding: a friction brake for a hoist that is automati-cally applied and prevents motion when the air supplyis interrupted.brake, mechanical load: an automatic type of friction brakeused for controlling loads in a lowering direction. Thisunidirectional device re

28、quires torque from the motor tolower a load, but does not impose additional load onthe motor when lifting a load.chain, load: the load-bearing chain in the hoist.chain, roller: a series of alternately assembled roller linksand pin links in which pins articulate inside the bushingsand the rollers are

29、 free to turn on the bushings. Pinsand bushings are press-fit in their respective link plates.chain, welded link: a chain consisting of a series of inter-woven links formed and welded.NOTE: Load chain properties do not conform to those shown inASME B30.9 or ASME B29.1.control: a manual means at the

30、operator station by whichhoist or trolley controls are energized.control actuator: a manual means at the operating stationby which hoist controls are energized.control braking means: a method of controlling speed byremoving energy from the moving body or by impartingenergy in the opposite direction.

31、braking, dynamic: a method of controlling speed byusing the motor as a compressor.hand chain: the chain provided to control movement ofa hand chain-operated trolley.hazardous(classified)location: location where fire or explo-sion hazards may exist. Locations are classifieddepending on the properties

32、 of the flammable vapors,liquids, or gases, or combustible dusts or fibers thatmay be present, and the likelihood that a flammable orcombustible concentration or quantity is present (referto ANSI/NFPA 70).ASME HST-52014Class 1 locations: locations in which flammable gasesor vapors are or may be pres

33、ent in the air in quantitiessufficient to produce explosive or ignitable mixtures.Class 2 locations: locations that are hazardous becauseof the presence of combustible dust.Class 3 locations: locations that are hazardous becauseof the presence of easily ignitable fibers or flyings, butin which such

34、fibers or flyings are not likely to be insuspension in the air in quantities sufficient to produceignitable mixtures.headroom: measured with the load hook at its upper limitof travel. Headroom is the distance from the saddle ofthe load hook to the following locations (see Fig.5-0.2-1):(a) saddle of

35、the top hook on suspended hoists(b) centerline of the suspension holes onlug-suspended hoists(c) wheel treadline on trolley-suspended hoistshoist: a suspended machinery unit that is used for liftingor lowering a freely suspended (unguided) load.hoist speed: the rate of motion of the load hook.hook s

36、uspended: suspension of the hoist from a trolleyor rigid structure by means of a hook(s) at the top ofthe hoist.idler sprocket: a freely rotating device that changes thedirection of the load chain; this device is sometimescalled idler wheel, idler sheave, pocket wheel, or chainwheel (see Fig. 5-0.2-

37、2).lift: the maximum vertical distance through which theload hook can travel, and is the total hook movementbetween its upper limit of travel and its position whenat the lower limit of travel (see Fig. 5-0.2-1).liftingdevices,belowthehook: devices that are not normallyreeved onto the hoist chains, s

38、uch as hook-on-buckets,magnets, grabs, and other supplemental devices usedfor handling certain types of loads; the weight of thesedevices is to be considered part of the load to be lifted.limit device: a pneumatic or mechanical device for lim-iting the upward or downward travel of the load hookat th

39、e extremities of lift; this device may limit lift at anypoint within the extremities of lift, if designed to beadjustable.load: the total superimposed weight on the load blockor load hook including lifting devices.load block: the assembly of hook or shackle, swivel, bear-ing, pins, sprocket, and fra

40、me suspended by the loadchain; this shall include all appurtenances reeved in theload chain.load chain container: a device used to collect the slackload chain.load hook: the hook used to connect the load to the hoist.load sprocket: a hoist component that transmits motionto the load chain; this compo

41、nent is sometimes called2load wheel, load sheave, pocket wheel, chain wheel, orlift wheel (see Fig. 5-0.2-2).load suspension parts: the means of suspension (trolley,hook, or lug), the chain, the sprocket(s), the structure orhousing that supports the sprockets, and the load block.lug suspended: suspe

42、nsion of the hoist from a trolley orpermanent structure by means of bolt(s) or pin(s)through a rigid-type or swivel-type lug.minimum radius: the smallest radius of the beam, mea-sured to the center line of the web of the beam, on whichthe trolley will operate.normal operating conditions: conditions

43、during which ahoist is performing functions within the scope of theoriginal design.overload: any load greater than the rated load.parts (lines): number of lines of chain supporting theload block or hook.pendant control: a valve system, connected to the hoistor trolley by hoses, that either directly

44、controls flow ofair to the motor, or controls a pilot-operated valve systemat the motor inlet.power transmission parts: machinery components, includ-ing the gears, shafts, couplings, clutches, bearings,motors, and brakes.pull control: cords or chains suspended from the hoist,by means of which a valv

45、e system on the hoist can beoperated.qualified person: a person who, by possession of a recog-nized degree or certificate of professional standing, orby extensive knowledge, training, and experience, hassuccessfully demonstrated the ability to solve or resolveproblems relating to the subject matter

46、and work.rated air pressure: the air pressure, at the hoist inlet, atwhich the hoist is designed to lift rated load at ratedspeed.rated load: the maximum load for which a hoist or trolleyis designated by the manufacturer or qualified person.reach: the distance from the saddle of the load hook atits

47、lower limit of lift to the upper point of the headroommeasurement; reach is equal to lift plus headroom (seeFig. 5-0.2-1).reeving: a system in which a chain travels around sprock-ets (see Fig. 5-0.2-2).rod control: a rigid rod suspended from the hoist, withwhich a valve system on the hoist can be op

48、erated.shall: indicates that the rule is mandatory and must befollowed.should: indicates that the rule is a recommendation, theadvisability of which depends upon the facts in eachsituation.ASME HST-52014Fig. 5-0.2-1 Headroom, Lift, and ReachFig. 5-0.2-2 ReevingSlack chain Slack chain Slack chainLoad

49、 sprocketLoad blockIdler sprocketLoad block1 Part 2 Part 3 Part3ASME HST-52014trolley: a wheeled mechanism from which a hoist is sus-pended to provide horizontal motion of the hoist alonga beam.trolley speed (rated): the rate of motion that a motor-operated trolley (and hoist) attains while traveling alonga beam.trolley suspended: suspension of hoist from a trolley; thehoist can be connected to trolley by hook, clevis, or lugsuspension, or the hoist can be integral with trolley.valve: a device for starting, stopping, or changing theflow in a pneumatic circuit.SECTION 5-0.3