ASME P30-1-2014 Planning for Load Handling Activities《负载处理活动计划》.pdf

1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ASME P30.1-2014Planning for Load Handling ActivitiesASME P30.1-2014Planning forLoad HandlingActivitiesAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDTwo Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 USADate of Issuance: March 31, 2014The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 201

2、7. This Standard will becomeeffective 1 year after the Date of Issuance.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of thisStandard. Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages athttp:/cstools.asme.org/ as they are issued.

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5、ed trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and co

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9、sentative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted asgovernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes

10、 the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersTwo Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 20

11、14 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.CONTENTSForeword ivCommittee Roster . vIntroduction . viChapter 1 Scope and Definitions1-1 Scope . 11-2 Definitions 1Chapter 2 Load Handling Activity Considerations and Plan Categories2-1 Load Handling Activity Cons

12、iderations 22-2 Plan Categories 4Chapter 3 Personnel and Responsibilities3-1 Personnel Qualification/Competence . 53-2 Roles and Responsibilities 5Chapter 4 Standard Lift Plan4-1 Introduction . 64-2 Standard Lift Plan Development . 64-3 Pre-Lift Review 64-4 Executing the Standard Lift Plan . 64-5 Po

13、st-Lift Review . 6Chapter 5 Critical Lift Plan5-1 Introduction . 75-2 Critical Lift Plan Development . 75-3 Pre-Lift Meeting . 85-4 Executing the Critical Lift Plan . 95-5 Post-Lift Review . 9Figure2-1-1 Load Handling Activity Categorization . 3Nonmandatory AppendicesA Example Lift Plan . 11B Indust

14、ry References 18iiiFOREWORDAs load handling activities grow in complexity, there is an increased need to develop a set ofrecognized planning guidelines. While some guidance for planning of load handling activities,also referred to as lift planning, has been available in publications, literature from

15、 equipmentmanufacturers, and in-house procedures of various organizations and companies, there has notbeen any published comprehensive, broadly authoritative guidance available. The absence ofuniform considerations or comprehensive practices has created an uneven range of planningactivities.In 2008,

16、 the B30 Standard Committee created a Task Group to consider the feasibility ofdevelopingastandardforliftplanning.BaseduponthereportoftheTaskGroup,theB30StandardCommittee favored the creation of a standard but recognized that such a standard would not fitthe equipment-based orientation of B30. The A

17、merican Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)and the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) were petitioned to form a committee todevelop a lift planning standard.TheformationoftheASMEP30StandardsCommittee,PlanningfortheUseofCranes,Derricks,Hoists, Cableways, Aerial Devices, and Lifting Acces

18、sories, was approved by ASME onJune 8, 2010, and a Project Initiation Notification System (PINS) was posted in ANSI StandardsAction on July 2, 2010. The Committee held its inaugural meeting on September 20, 2010, withthe intent to develop a standard that provides guidance on general planning conside

19、rations andpractices for load handling operations occurring in all industries, so that users could apply theStandard as a template and adapt it to the needs of their specific industry or situation.This Edition of ASME P30.1 was approved by ANSI on January 14, 2014.ivASME P30 COMMITTEEPlanning for th

20、e Use of Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Cableways,Aerial Devices, and Lifting Accessories(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSR. M. Parnell, ChairM. W. Mills, Vice ChairK. M. Hyam, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELJ. K. A

21、nderson, BechtelT. L. Blanton, NACB Group, Inc.J. T. Cahill, J. F. White Contracting Co.B. Closson, Craft Forensic ServiceD. Decker, Becket, LLCJ. Dudley, Archer Western ContractorsM. J. Eggenberger, BayLtd.,ABerryCo.E. D. Fidler, The Manitowoc Co., Inc.M. Gardiner, Haag Engineering Co.K. M. Hyam, T

22、he American Society of Mechanical EngineersD. F. Jordan, BP AmericaD. L. McCabe, Babcock or(b) a deviation exists, in which case the load handlingactivity is not initiated until the deviation is addressedby a qualified person or the lift director determines thatconditions are acceptable to allow the

23、 activity to begin.5-4.3 During the Load Handling ActivityThe lift director should ensure that the load handlingactivity continues to comply with the plan.(a) If the operation deviates from the plan, the loadhandling activity should be stopped and evaluated todetermine if(1) theloadhandlingactivityc

24、anresumeaccordingto plan;(2) the contingency measures can be implementedper para. 5-2.9;(3) the plan can be readily modified at the site toaccommodate an unexpected condition or event; or(4) the load handling activity can no longer beimplemented as planned, requiring a modified plan tobeprepared.Ins

25、uchcases,theloadandtheLHEshallbesecured, if possible, until a new plan can be developed.(b) Changes or modifications to the plan should becommunicated to all affected load handling personnelprior to initiating the change.(c) If the load handling activity is stopped for anyreason, only the lift direc

26、tor may initiate a restart.5-5 POST-LIFT REVIEWAfter the completion of the load handling activity, thelift director should(a) review the development, planning, and executionof the load handling activity with the load handlingpersonnel. Items for review should include, but not belimited to, the requi

27、rements of sections 5-2 through 5-4.(b) identifypotentialmeasurestoimprovefutureloadhandling activity.(c) communicate any recommendations identified in(b)totheappropriatepersonnelforfutureconsideration.(d) for repetitive lifts, decide the frequency of post-lift reviews and evaluation of the lift pla

28、n. Post-liftreviews may not be required after each repetition of theload handling activity.INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK10ASME P30.1-2014NONMANDATORY APPENDIX AEXAMPLE LIFT PLANA-1 INTRODUCTIONA documented lift plan may be one or more pagescomprised of applicable data files, charts, schematics,and proced

29、ural instructions. Figure A-1-1 is offered asan example of a blank planning document for a singlemobile crane load handling activity and may be modi-fied by the user as required. Section A-2 contains liftdata sheet instructions and an example of a completedlift data sheet.Similar documents can be de

30、veloped for LHE per-forming a variety of vertical and horizontal loadhandling.A-2 LIFT DATA SHEET INSTRUCTIONS ANDCOMMENTARYA-2.1 GeneralA lift data sheet (LDS) summarizes the essentialdetails of a lifting operation in a standardized, easy toread form. It should include(a) a brief description of the

31、 operation to beundertaken(b) load characteristics including weight and centerof gravity(c) detailsofthecraneorotherLHEtobeusedinclud-ing specific configuration(d) a summation of the total load to the LHE(e) LHE rated capacities during the relevant phasesof the operation(f) a comparison of total loa

32、d to the LHE versus LHEcapacity throughout the operation (as a percentage)(g) acomparisonoftotalloadsupportedbytheLHEsreeved load line versus the rated capacity of the reevedload line (as a percentage)(h) notes outlining key operational requirements onwhich the validity of the data sheet is based(i)

33、 a list of relevant attachments included (e.g., LHEchart extract, layout, and rigging sketches)(j) any required review and approval signatures andapplicable statutory requirements such as a ProfessionalEngineers stamp.The LDS should be designed to suit the type of opera-tion to be undertaken (e.g.,

34、mobile crane single lift,mobile crane tandem/multiple crane lift, tower cranelift, overhead traveling crane lift, jacking and rollingactivity, lift system, or gantry lift). It is unlikely that asingle format sheet will suffice for every eventuality.11A-2.2 Example Data SheetFor guidance, an example

35、of a blank lift data sheetfor a lifting operation using a single mobile crane isincluded(seeFig.A-1-1).Toassistinunderstandinghowto fill out this LDS, a version completed with sampledata is also included (see Fig. A-2-1).Crane chart capacities for mobile cranes are the loadthe crane is rated to supp

36、ort at the boom or jib head asapplicable. To evaluate what percentage of that capacityit is planned to use, it is first necessary to summate thetotal load applied to the crane at the boom or jib head.Note that in the case of LHE such as tower cranesor overhead traveling cranes, the situation is slig

37、htlydifferent, as the capacity is likely to be quoted at thehook block. Other forms of LHE may also differ readthe manufacturers manual and adjust your data sheetaccordingly.A-2.3 Completing the Example LDSA-2.3.1 Payload and Crane Details Sections. Thefirst two sections, “Payload” and “Crane Detail

38、s,” areself-explanatory. Mark nonapplicable fields as “N/A”rather than leaving them blank (which could be con-strued as an omission).The “single hoist line pull” is the rated winch linepull. “Parts line used” are the actual parts of line withwhich the crane is reeved for the lift (not necessarily th

39、emaximum for which it is equipped). “Reeved capacity”is the hoisting capacity as reeved, typically the parts ofline timesthe ratedsingle line pull.This figureis carriedbelow.A-2.3.2 Load Details. The next three subsectionsrelate to load applied to the crane.(a) Load Details the weight of the payload

40、, anyattachments to it (such as ladders and platforms, insula-tion), orcontents (such asoil, catalyst) canbe summatedhere to yield a total payload weight.(b) Rigging Data the weight of rigging materialsto attach the load to the crane hook is weight on thecrane and has to be considered. This section

41、allows therigging items to be described, quantified, and summedto give a total weight of rigging.(c) Additional Weight Items allowance has to bemade for(1) the weight of the main hook (block) being usedto suspend the payload.ASME P30.1-2014(2) the weight of the parts of hoist line below theboom or j

42、ib head (whichever is being used), i.e., thenumber of parts of line being used times the longestanticipated drop from boom or jib tip to the hook block(ft) times the weight per foot of the hoist line. Checkthe manufacturers manual to determine if the weightof the wire rope necessary to lift the susp

43、ended loadhas been accounted for in the load chart and the weightof any extra reeved parts of line need to be added asadditional weight, or if all parts of line need to beaccounted for as additional weight.(3) jibs where fitted when using the main boom;the weight allowances to be considered vary acc

44、ordingto whether the jib is erected, stowed, extended, orretracted consult the manufacturers manual.(4) the weight of other suspended hooks/overhaulballs fitted and the weight of the associated suspendedhoist lines.(5) boom extensions/runners/auxiliary boomsheavesandothersimilarattachmentsfittedtoth

45、eboomor jib (when the chart being used does not relate totheir use).Totaling the above three subtotals (payload plus rig-gingplusadditionalweightitems)givesthetotalweightto the crane for comparison with the rated capacity.A-2.3.3 Crane Capacities. The next section relatesto the crane capacities. Cap

46、acity varies according notonly to configuration but alsoto operating radius. Threecolumns are provided on this particular sheet allowingthe user to calculate the loads at up to three differentradii as applicable (e.g., hoist, swing, and place). It mayhowever be sufficient to consider only the worst

47、radius.For each column to be used, enter first the actual radiusof operation then, unless capacity interpolation for thatspecific radius is allowed, the next greatest radius forwhich a chart capacity is quoted. The next line, “ChartCapacity,” is for entering the rated capacity of the craneat the afo

48、rementioned chart radius. Ensure use of thecorrect chart specific to that particular crane in the par-ticular configuration in which it is being used.The “Total Load to Crane” divided by “CraneCapacity” yields the percentage of chart capacity beingused for each radius for which the calculation is pe

49、r-formed. Knowing this figure at up to three operatingradii, the “Maximum Percentage of Chart CapacityUsed” can be noted.12The total suspended load is the load supported bythe main hoist lines equal to the total of “Total Weightof Item to be Lifted” plus “Total Rigging Weight” plusthe weight of the hook block being used plus the selfweight of the reeved hoist lines being used.NOTE: The weight of any stowed jibs or other boom attachmentsorofanyothersuspendedhooksisnotbeingsupportedbythemainhoist line reeving and therefore does not need to be considered.The “Maximum Pe