ASME PTC 1-2011 General Instructions (PTC 1 - 2011)《总规程》.pdf

1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDASME PTC 1-2011(Revision of ASME PTC 1-2004)GeneralInstructionsPerformance Test CodesASME PTC 1-2011(Revision of ASME PTC 1-2004)GeneralInstructionsPerformance Test CodesAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDThree Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 USADate of Issuance: December 23, 2

2、011This Code will be revised when the Society approves the issuance of a new edition.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of thisdocument. Periodically certain actions of the ASME PTC Committee may be published as Code Cases.Code Cases and interpre

3、tations are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages athttp:/cstools.asme.org/ as they are issued.Errata to codes and standards may be posted on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages toprovide corrections to incorrectly published items, or to correct typographical or grammatica

4、l errorsin codes and standards. Such errata shall be used on the date posted.The Committee Pages can be found at http:/cstools.asme.org/. There is an option available toautomatically receive an e-mail notification when errata are posted to a particular code or standard.This option can be found on th

5、e appropriate Committee Page after selecting “Errata” in the “PublicationInformation” section.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The S

6、tandards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was madeavailable for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public

7、 input from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems men

8、tioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assumes any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expresslyadvised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and

9、 the risk of infringement of such rights, isentirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted asgovernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those inte

10、rpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permissio

11、n of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2011 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.CONTENTSForeword ivCommittee Roster . vCorrespondence With the PTC Committee viIntroduction . viiS

12、ection 1 Purpose, Scope, and Organization 11-1 Definition and Purpose 11-2 Scope and Organization of PTCs . 11-3 Philosophy 11-4 Applications of PTCs 11-5 Test Uncertainty . 41-6 Other Codes and Standards 51-7 Standards Committees . 5Section 2 Standard Form of Individual Equipment Test Codes 62-1 In

13、troduction . 62-2 Section 1, Object and Scope 62-3 Section 2, Definitions and Descriptions of Terms 62-4 Section 3, Guiding Principles . 62-5 Section 4, Instruments and Methods of Measurement . 72-6 Section 5, Computation of Results 72-7 Section 6, Report of Results 72-8 Section 7, Test Uncertainty

14、. 72-9 Additional Sections and Appendices . 72-10 Alternative Method 7Section 3 Information for ASME Performance Test Code Users 83-1 Introduction . 83-2 Parties to a Test 83-3 Preparations for Testing 83-4 Tests . 93-5 Instruments 93-6 Operating Conditions 103-7 Records 103-8 Testing Technique 103-

15、9 Errors . 113-10 Computation of Results 113-11 Test Report 12Section 4 Acceptance Tests: Responsibilities and Purchase Contracts. 134-1 Introduction . 134-2 Cost of Acceptance Tests . 134-3 Test Responsibilities 134-4 Dispute Resolution . 134-5 Suggested Clause for Incorporating ASME PTCs in Equipm

16、ent PurchaseContracts 13Figures1-2-1 Organization of Equipment Performance Test Codes 21-2-2 Organization of Supplemental Documents 3iiiFOREWORDThisCodeonGeneralInstructionswasfirstprintedinpreliminaryformin Mechanical Engineeringin 1920 and was presented at a public hearing at the spring meeting of

17、 the Society held in Chicago,Illinois in 1921. It was approved and adopted as a standards practice of the Society in 1924.During the years 1920 through 1970, the function of the Power Test Codes (as they were thenknown) continued to evolve and broaden. In recognition of these developments, the Code

18、onGeneral Instructions was revised twice. The revisions were approved by the Council on June 17,1945 and May 7, 1970, respectively.During the years 1970 through 1985, the scope of the Power Test Codes, now known asPerformance Test Codes (PTCs), was further broadened as a result of(a) their designati

19、on as American National Standards by the American National StandardsInstitute (ANSI)(b) an increased awareness of the relationship between U.S. domestic standards and theirinternational counterpart and a related need to reconcile substantially conflicting requirementsbetween U.S. and international d

20、ocuments(c) clarification on the use of uncertainty in test codesThese developments resulted in several additional revisions to the Code on General Instructionsthat were approved by the Board on Performance Test Code (BPTC) on May 13, 1970 (with theOctober 1971 Addenda), October 29, 1979, June 18, 1

21、986, and June 12, 1991.The subsequent revision of the Code was initiated in mid-1998. A Project Team was appointedby the BPTC to develop this revision under the ASME Redesign Process. The revised documentwas approved by the BPTC on November 19, 1998.The next revision was a major updating of PTC 1. T

22、he existing information contained in PTC 1was divided into two separate documents. One is the code writers guide, the PTC 1 Template.The other, PTC 1, contains mandatory information for all code users. This revision was approvedby the BPTC on December 9, 2003. It was also approved as an American Nat

23、ional Standard bythe ANSI Board on Standards Review on March 10, 2004.The current revision contains modifications to the previous version. Some new committeeshave been added and others discontinued. The template has not been updated at this time.This revision was approved by the PTC Standards Commit

24、tee on May 24, 2011 and approvedand adopted as a Standard practice of the Society by action of the Board on Standardization andTesting on August 8, 2011. It was also approved as an American National Standard, by the ANSIBoard of Standards Review, on November 14, 2011.ivASME PTC COMMITTEEPerformance

25、Test Codes(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Code.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSJ. R. Friedman, ChairJ. W. Milton, Vice ChairJ. H. Karian, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELP. G. Albert, General Electric Co.R. P. Allen, ConsultantJ. M. Burns, Burns Engin

26、eeringW. C. Campbell, Southern Company ServicesM. J. Dooley, Alstom PowerJ. R. Friedman, Siemens Energy, Inc.G. J. Gerber, ConsultantP. M. Gerhart, University of EvansvilleT. C. Heil, The Babcock however, they shouldnot contain proprietary names or information.Requests that are not in this format wi

27、ll be rewritten in this format by the Committee prior tobeing answered, which may inadvertently change the intent of the original request.ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of any interpretation when or if additionalinformation that might affect an interpretation is available. Further, pers

28、ons aggrieved by aninterpretation may appeal to the cognizant ASME Committee or Subcommittee. ASME does not“approve,” “certify,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.Attending Committee Meetings. The PTC Committee regularly holds meetings, which are opento the

29、 public. Persons wishing to attend any meeting should contact the Secretary of the PTCCommittee.viINTRODUCTIONThis document provides direction to users and code-writing committees of Performance TestCodes (PTCs). Code users shall consider it as part of each test.(a) The objectives of PTC 1, General

30、Instructions are as follows:(1) to define the purpose and scope of ASME PTCs(2) to list major industry applications where PTCs can be used(3) to provide direction on the use of equipment PTCs concerning the planning, preparation,implementation, and reporting of test results(b) The PTC Template is a

31、separate document. Relevant material was excerpted from PTC 1,General Instructions and should be incorporated in equipment PTCs. Use of the template ensuresuniformity and consistency throughout all of the PTCs that are being revised or issued for thefirst time. Changes to the Template will not be pu

32、blished. Instead, it will be posted on the PTCCommittee Web pages and therefore accessible for no charge to committee members. It may berevised as the need arises. ANSI approval is not required for any changes to the Template. Theobjectives of the Template are as follows:(1) to provide guidelines an

33、d directions to code-writing committees(2) to specify the required content in each equipment PTC(3) to define the standard format for the content of individual equipment PTCsviiINTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANKviiiASME PTC 1-2011GENERAL INSTRUCTIONSSection 1Purpose, Scope, and Organization1-1 DEFINITION AND

34、PURPOSEASME Performance Test Codes (PTCs) provide uni-form rules and procedures for the planning, preparation,execution, and reporting of performance test results.Test results provide numerical characteristics to the per-formance of equipment, systems, and plants beingtested. Throughout ASME PTC 1,

35、when the term“equipment” is used with reference to the object of aperformance test, it can refer to specific equipment,systems, or to entire plants.1-2 SCOPE AND ORGANIZATION OF PTCsMost ASME PTCs are applicable to a specified typeof equipment defined by the Code. There may be severalsubcategories o

36、f equipment covered by a single code.Types of equipment to which PTCs apply can be classi-fied into five broad categories. power production combustion and heat transfer fluid handling emission instruments, apparatus, and other supplementaldocumentsThe quantities that characterize performance aredefi

37、ned in each code for the equipment within its scope.Absolute performance characteristics determined byadherence to a PTC can be evaluated as compared todesign or predicted characteristics, to previous testresults, or they can be used to benchmark or ascertainperformance at a particular time.SomePTCs

38、 arewrittenas generaldocuments forrefer-ence in support of the equipment PTCs. These can beconsidered as technical reference material for the equip-ment codes. Three types of reference codes exist.The first type covers instrumentation used in the mea-surement of thermodynamic or process fluid parame

39、-ters, such as pressure, temperature, flow, and shaftpower. Such individual codes referring to process orthermodynamic quantities are known as PerformanceTest Code Instruments and Apparatus Supplements.1They are supplementary to the information on manda-tory instrumentation requirements contained in

40、 theequipmentcodes.Instrumentationinformationinequip-ment test codes supersedes the information given inthese supplements, but otherwise these supplementsshould be incorporated by reference in equipment testcodes where deemed appropriate by the committee.The second type covers guidance and reference

41、 infor-mation. It currently consists of PTC 1, GeneralInstructions, and PTC 2, Definitions and Values. PTC 2contains standards for terms, units, values of constants,and technical nomenclature.The third type addresses how to analyze the uncer-tainties associated with measurement of all primaryparamet

42、ers to develop overall test uncertainty.Figures 1-2-1 and 1-2-2 show the organization ofASME Performance Test Code categories.1-3 PHILOSOPHYPTCs provide guidelines for test procedures that yieldresults of the highest level of accuracy based on currentengineering knowledge, taking into account test c

43、ostsand the value of information obtained from testing. Pre-cision and reliability of test results must underlie allconsiderations in the development of an ASMEPerformance Test Code, consistent with economic con-siderationsasjudgedappropriatebyeachtechnicalcom-mittee and in keeping with the philosop

44、hy of the ASMEPerformance Test Codes Supervisory Committee.1-4 APPLICATIONS OF PTCsCode tests are suitable for use whenever performancemust be determined with minimum uncertainty. Theyare meant specifically for equipment operating in anindustrial setting. Typical uses include(a) determining if the e

45、quipment meets design orexpected performance criteria.(b) incorporating by reference into contracts to serveas a means to determine fulfillment of guarantees.ASME PTC 1-2011Fig. 1-2-1 Organization of Equipment Performance Test Codes%QUIPMENT#ODESPower Production Combustion and Heat Transfer Fluid Ha

46、ndling Emissions PTC 6 Steam TurbinesPTC 6.2 Steam Turbines inCombined Cycle ModePTC 17 ReciprocatingEnginesPTC 18 Hydraulic Turbinesand Pump TurbinesPTC 22 Gas TurbinesPTC 29 Speed GoverningSystems for HydraulicTurbine-Generator UnitsPTC 42 Wind TurbinesPTC 46 Overall PlantPerformancePTC 47 Integra

47、tedGasification CombinedCycle Power Generation PlantsPTC 50 Fuel CellPTC 52 Concentrated SolarPower PlantsPTC 55 Aircraft EnginesPTC 70 Ramp RatesPTC 100 Power PlantPerformancePTC PM PerformanceMonitoring Guidelinesfor Steam Power PlantsPTC 4 Fired SteamGeneratorsPTC 4.2 Coal PulverizersPTC 4.3 Air

48、HeatersPTC 4.4 Gas TurbineHeat Recovery SteamGeneratorsPTC 4.5 Overall Plant Performance with CarbonCapturePTC 12.1 ClosedFeedwater HeatersPTC 12.2 Steam SurfaceCondensersPTC 12.4 MoistureSeparator ReheatersPTC 12.5 Single PhaseHeat ExchangersPTC 23 AtmosphericWater CoolingEquipmentPTC 30 Air-Cooled

49、 HeatExchangersPTC 30.1 Air-Cooled SteamCondensersPTC 33 Large IncineratorsPTC 34 Waste CombustorsWith Energy RecoveryPTC 51 Gas TurbineCompressor Inlet AirConditioning Equipment PTC 8.2 Centrifugal PumpsPTC 10 Compressors andExhaustersPTC 11 FansPTC 12.3 DeaeratorsPTC 13 BlowersPTC 19.11 Steamand Water Sampling,Conditioning, andAnalysis in the PowerCyclePTC 24 EjectorsPTC 25 Pressure ReliefDevicesPTC 31 High-Purity Water Treatment SystemsPTC 39 Steam TrapsPTC 19.10 Flue and ExhaustGas AnalysesPTC 38 Determining theConcentration ofParticulate Matter in aGas Stre