ASME PTC 1-2015 General Instructions《总规程》.pdf

1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ASME PTC 1-2015(Revision of ASME PTC 1-2011)General InstructionsPerformance Test CodesASME PTC 1-2015(Revision of ASME PTC 1-2011)GeneralInstructionsPerformance Test CodesAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDTwo Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 USADate of Issuance: September 23,

2、2015This Standard will be revised when the Society approves the issuance of a new edition.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of this Code.Interpretations are published on the Committee Web page under go.asme.org/InterpsDatabase.Periodically certa

3、in actions of the ASME PTC Committee may be published as Cases. Cases arepublished on the ASME Web site under the PTC Committee Page at go.asme.org/PTCcommittee asthey are issued.Errata to codes and standards may be posted on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages toprovide corrections to incor

4、rectly published items, or to correct typographical or grammatical errorsin codes and standards. Such errata shall be used on the date posted.The PTC Committee Page can be found at go.asme.org/PTCcommittee. There is an option availableto automatically receive an e-mail notification when errata are p

5、osted to a particular code or standard.This option can be found on the appropriate Committee Page after selecting “Errata“ in the “PublicationInformation“ section.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures acc

6、redited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was madeavailable for public

7、review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the v

8、alidity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assumes any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expresslyadvi

9、sed that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, isentirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted asgovernment or industry endorsement of

10、this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electro

11、nic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersTwo Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2015 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.CONTENTSForeword ivCommittee Ro

12、ster . viCorrespondence With the PTC Committee viiIntroduction . viiiSection 1 Purpose, Scope, and Organization 11-1 Definition and Purpose 11-2 Standards Committees . 11-3 Scope and Organization of PTCs . 11-4 Philosophy 11-5 Applications of PTCs 41-6 Test Uncertainty . 41-7 Other Codes and Standar

13、ds 5Section 2 Standard Form of Individual Equipment Test Codes 62-1 Introduction . 62-2 Section 1, Object and Scope 62-3 Section 2, Definitions and Descriptions of Terms 62-4 Section 3, Guiding Principles . 62-5 Section 4, Instruments and Methods of Measurement . 72-6 Section 5, Computation of Resul

14、ts 72-7 Section 6, Report of Results 72-8 Section 7, Test Uncertainty . 72-9 Additional Sections and Appendices . 72-10 Alternative Method 7Section 3 Information for ASME Performance Test Code Users 83-1 Introduction . 83-2 Parties to a Test 83-3 Preparations for Testing 83-4 Tests . 93-5 Instrument

15、s 93-6 Operating Conditions 103-7 Records 103-8 Testing Technique 103-9 Errors . 113-10 Computation of Results 113-11 Test Report 12Section 4 Acceptance Tests: Responsibilities and Purchase Contracts. 134-1 Introduction . 134-2 Cost and Location of Acceptance Tests . 134-3 Test Responsibilities 134-

16、4 Dispute Resolution . 134-5 Comparison of Test Results to Contractual Guarantees 134-6 Suggested Clause for Incorporating ASME PTCs in Equipment PurchaseContracts 13Figures1-3-1 Organization of Equipment Performance Test Codes 21-3-2 Organization of Supplemental Documents 3iiiFOREWORDThisCodeonGene

17、ralInstructionswasfirstprintedinpreliminaryforminMechanicalEngineeringin 1920 and was presented at a public hearingat the spring meeting of the Society held in Chicago,Illinois in 1921. It was approved and adopted as a standards practice of the Society in 1924.During the years 1920 through 1970, the

18、 function of the Power Test Codes (as they were thenknown) continued to evolve and broaden. In recognition of these developments, the Code onGeneral Instructions was revised twice. The revisions were approved by the Council on June 17,1945 and May 7, 1970, respectively.During the years 1970 through

19、1985, the scope of the Power Test Codes, now known asPerformance Test Codes (PTCs), was further broadened as a result of(a) their designation as American National Standards by the American National StandardsInstitute (ANSI)(b) an increased awareness of the relationship between U.S. domestic standard

20、s and theirinternational counterpart and a related need to reconcile substantially conflicting requirementsbetween U.S. and international documents(c) clarification on the use of uncertainty in test codesThesedevelopmentsresultedinseveraladditionalrevisionstotheCodeonGeneralInstructionsthat were app

21、roved by the Board on Performance Test Code (BPTC) on May 13, 1970 (with theOctober 1971 Addenda), October 29, 1979, June 18, 1986, and June 12, 1991.The subsequent revision of the Code was initiated in mid-1998. A Project Team was appointedby the BPTC to develop this revision under the ASME Redesig

22、n Process. The revised documentwas approved by the BPTC on November 19, 1998.The next revision was a major updating of PTC 1. The existing information contained in PTC 1was divided into two separate documents. One is the code writers guide, the PTC 1 Template.The other, PTC 1, contains mandatory inf

23、ormation for all code users. This revision was approvedby the BPTC on December 9, 2003. It was also approved as an American National Standard bythe ANSI Board on Standards Review on March 10, 2004.The 2011 revision contained modifications to the 2004 version where by some new committeeswere added an

24、d others discontinued. The template was not updated at this time. The 2011revision was approved by the PTC Standards Committee on May 24, 2011 and approved andadopted as a Standard practice of the Society by action of the Board on Standardization andTesting on August 8, 2011. It was also approved as

25、 an American National Standard, by the ANSIBoard of Standards Review, on November 14, 2011.The current revision of PTC 1 modifies para. 1-6.3.1 to add another permissible use of testuncertainty to prepare for and validate the acceptability of a test. This method strictly specifieseach measurements s

26、ystematic uncertainty along with its permissible variation (data fluctuation)or a total measurement uncertainty, including both systematic and random effects for eachmeasured parameter and/or variable or each type of measured parameter or variable. A pretestand post-test uncertainty analysis is alwa

27、ys required. It is limited to demonstrating the achieve-ment of uncertainty limits placed upon each individual measurement without having to calculatea total test uncertainty for the result. However, if the user of the Code wishes to exceed any ofthe specified uncertainty limits of any parameter or

28、variable, a complete test uncertainty analysisis required to establish that the Codes limit level of uncertainty for the test result has been met.This requires utilizing the systematic, random, and/or total measurements uncertainty limits ofeach parameter and variable in accordance with PTC 19.1. On

29、ce the Code Limit Uncertainty isdetermined for the result, exceeding the upper limit of any individual parameters or variablesspecifieduncertaintyisallowableonlyifitisdemonstratedthattheselectionofallinstrumentationused will result in an overall test uncertainty equal to or less than what it would h

30、ave been hadall parameters uncertainty requirements been met. This recognizes the industrial need for anacceptable method that allows flexibility in the determination of total test uncertainty whileensuring that the specified overall test uncertainty is achieved. Also, the template is noivlonger req

31、uired by PTC 1, but it is recommended and is available on the PTC Web site(go.asme.org/PTCcommittee) for use as a reference.This edition of the Code was approved as an American National Standard, by the ANSI Boardof Standards Review, on September 9, 2015.vASME PTC COMMITTEEPerformance Test Codes(The

32、 following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Code.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSP. G. Albert, ChairJ. W. Milton, Vice ChairF. J. Constantino, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELP. G. Albert, ConsultantJ. M. Burns, Burns EngineeringA. E. Butler, General Electric Co.W. C

33、. Campbell, True North Consulting, LLC.F. J. Constantino, The American Society of Mechanical EngineersM. J. Dooley, Alstom Power, Inc.G. J. Gerber, ConsultantP. M. Gerhart, University of EvansvilleR. E. Henry, Sargent however, they shouldnot contain proprietary names or information.Requeststhatareno

34、tinthisformatmayberewrittenintheappropriateformatbytheCommitteeprior to being answered, which may inadvertently change the intent of the original request.ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of any interpretation when or if additionalinformation that might affect an interpretation is availabl

35、e. Further, persons aggrieved by aninterpretation may appeal to the cognizant ASME Committee or Subcommittee. ASME does not“approve,” “certify,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.Attending Committee Meetings. The PTC Standards Committee regularly holds meet

36、ingsand/or telephone conferences that are open to the public. Persons wishing to attend any meetingand/or telephone conference should contact the Secretary of the PTC Standards Committee.Future Committee meeting dates and locations can be found on the Committee Page atgo.asme.org/PTCcommittee.viiINT

37、RODUCTIONThis document provides direction to users and code-writing committees of Performance TestCodes (PTCs). Code users shall consider it as part of each test.The objectives of PTC 1, General Instructions are as follows:(a) to define the purpose and scope of ASME PTCs(b) to list major industry ap

38、plications where PTCs can be used(c) to provide direction on the use of equipment PTCs concerning the planning, preparation,implementation, and reporting of test resultsviiiASME PTC 1-2015GENERAL INSTRUCTIONSSection 1Purpose, Scope, and Organization1-1 DEFINITION AND PURPOSEASME Performance Test Cod

39、es (PTCs) provide uni-formrulesandproceduresfortheplanning,preparation,execution, and reporting of performance test results.Test results provide numerical characteristics to the per-formance of equipment, systems, and plants beingtested. Throughout ASME PTC 1, when the term“equipment” is used with r

40、eference to the object of aperformance test, it can refer to specific equipment,systems, or to entire plants.1-2 STANDARDS COMMITTEESASME PTCs are developed by technical committeesthat are governed, organized, and appointed by thePerformance Test Codes Supervisory Committee underthe auspices of the

41、Board on Standardization andTesting. Each code-writing committee is organized toinclude representatives of several interest groups. Thequalificationsofeachmemberofacode-writingcommit-tee are subject to examination and approval by theSupervisory Committee. Members of the code-writingcommittees are hi

42、ghly qualified, technically competentprofessionals, generally members of ASME, who haveexpertise in the field or in an area of expertise neededby the committee, such as special instrumentation. Theypresent their views on matters under consideration asmembers of a learned profession, not as represent

43、ativesof employers or special interest groups.1-3 SCOPE AND ORGANIZATION OF PTCsMost ASME PTCs are applicable to a specified typeofequipmentdefinedbytheCode.Theremaybeseveralsubcategories of equipment covered by a single code.Types of equipment to which PTCs apply can be classi-fied into five broad

44、categories.(a) power production(b) combustion and heat transfer(c) fluid handling(d) emission(e) instruments, apparatus, and other supplementaldocuments1The quantities that characterize performance aredefined in each code for the equipment within its scope.Absolute performance characteristics determ

45、ined byadherence to a PTC can be evaluated as compared todesign or predicted characteristics, to previous testresults, or they can be used to benchmark or ascertainperformance at a particular time.SomePTCsarewrittenasgeneraldocumentsforrefer-ence in support of the equipment PTCs. These can beconside

46、red as technical reference material for the equip-ment codes. Three types of reference codes exist.Thefirsttypecoversinstrumentationusedinthemea-surement of thermodynamic or process fluid parame-ters, such as pressure, temperature, flow, and shaftpower. Such individual codes referring to process ort

47、hermodynamic quantities are known as PerformanceTest Code Instruments and Apparatus Supplements.They are supplementary to the information on manda-tory instrumentation requirements contained in theequipmentcodes.Instrumentationinformationinequip-ment test codes supersedes the information given inthe

48、se supplements, but otherwise these supplementsshould be incorporated by reference in equipment testcodes where deemed appropriate by the committee.The second type covers guidance and reference infor-mation. It currently consists of PTC 1, GeneralInstructions, and PTC 2, Definitions and Values. PTC

49、2contains standards for terms, units, values of constants,and technical nomenclature.The third type addresses how to analyze the uncer-tainties associated with measurement of all primaryparameters to develop overall test uncertainty. It cur-rently consists of PTC 19.1, Test Uncertainty.Figures 1-3-1 and 1-3-2 show the organization ofASME Performance Test Code categories.1-4 PHILOSOPHYPTCs provideguidelines fortest proceduresthat yieldresults of the highest level of accuracy based on currentengineering knowledge, taking into account test costsand the value of information obtained f