ASME PTC 36-2004 Measurement of Industrial Sound《工业噪声测量》.pdf

1、Performance Test CodesAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDMeasurement of Industrial SoundASME PTC 36-2004Intentionally left blank ASME PTC 36-2004Measurement ofIndustrial SoundPerformance Test CodesThree Park Avenue New York, NY 10016AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDDate of Issuance: May 27, 2005This Code will

2、 be revised when the Society approves the issuance of a new edition. There will be noaddenda issued to ASME PTC 36-2004.ASME issues written replies to inquiries as code cases and interpretations of technical aspects of thisdocument. Code cases and interpretations are published on the ASME Web site u

3、nder the CommitteePages at http:/www.asme.org/codes/ as they are issued.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American National Stan-dards. The Standards Committee t

4、hat approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals from com-petent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was made avail-able for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from indu

5、stry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any itemsmentioned in this d

6、ocument, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability for infringe-ment of any applicable letters patent, nor assumes any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advisedthat determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of i

7、nfringement of such rights, is entirely theirown responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted as gov-ernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations

8、of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the pub

9、lisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2005 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.CONTENTSNotice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ivForeword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vCommittee Roster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11、. . . . viCorrespondence With the PTC 36 Committee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viiiSection 1 Object and Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-1 Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-2 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11-3 Uncertainty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13、. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Section 2 Definitions and Description of Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Section 3 Guiding Principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33-1 Choice of Methods . . . . .

14、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33-2 Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33-3 Test Uncertainty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15、 . . . . . . . . . . . . 33-4 Agreements Prior to Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33-5 Sound Survey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Section 4 Instruments and Methods of Mea

16、surement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54-1 Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54-2 Sound Pressure Level Measurements General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54-3 Speci

17、fic Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Section 5 Computation of Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95-1 Guidelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9Section 6 Report of Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106-1 Test Report Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106-2

19、General Information Required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106-3 Description of the Source of Sound . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106-4 Acoustical Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106-5 Instrumentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106-6 Acoustical Data To Be Recorded and Reported . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Section 7 References . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21、. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Mandatory AppendixI Evaluation of Measurement Uncertainty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Nonmandatory AppendicesA Background Noise and Distance Corrections For Far Field Measurements .

22、. . . 15BGuidance in the Use of Sound Intensity Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17C General Guidance for Sound Level Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18iiiNOTICEAll Performance Test Codes must adhere to the requirements of ASME PTC 1, General In-structio

23、ns. The following information is based on that document and is included here for em-phasis and for the convenience of the user of the Code. It is expected that the Code user is fullycognizant of Sections 1 and 3 of ASME PTC 1 and has read them prior to applying this Code.ASME Performance Test Codes

24、provide test procedures that yield results of the highest levelof accuracy consistent with the best engineering knowledge and practice currently available. Theywere developed by balanced committees representing all concerned interests and specify proce-dures, instrumentation, equipment-operating req

25、uirements, calculation methods, and uncertaintyanalysis.When tests are run in accordance with a Code, the test results themselves, without adjustmentfor uncertainty, yield the best available indication of the actual performance of the tested equip-ment. ASME Performance Test Codes do not specify mea

26、ns to compare those results to contrac-tual guarantees. Therefore, it is recommended that the parties to a commercial test agree beforestarting the test and preferably before signing the contract on the method to be used for com-paring the test results to the contractual guarantees. It is beyond the

27、 scope of any Code to de-termine or interpret how such comparisons shall be made.ivFOREWORDIn October 1967 the Board on Performance Test Codes recognized the need for procedures andmeasuring techniques to provide reliable and accurate sound measurement analysis. This actionwas taken in view of the g

28、rowing environmental concern that lengthy, unprotected exposure tohigh industrial noise levels is detrimental to human health. This concern has also resulted in government-sponsored noise level criteria. Accordingly, the Board on Performance Test Codesauthorized the organization of Performance Test

29、Codes Committee No. 36 on Measurement ofIndustrial Sound. The new PTC 36 was published as an American National Standard in 1985.In May 1992 at the request of the Board on Performance Test Codes a committee was convenedto consider revisions to PTC 36-1985. There were three principal reasons for under

30、taking the re-vision. First, the technology of digital sound data acquisition and processing had evolved dra-matically since the development of the first edition of the Code, resulting in more widespreaduse of sound intensity methods. Second, extending the Scope of the Code to encompass far fieldmea

31、surements was considered likely to make the Code more useful to a broader range of po-tential users. Third, a considerable enlargement of uncertainty considerations, included as an in-tegral part of the procedure, was believed to enhance its applicability.This revision of the Code was approved by th

32、e Board on Performance Test Codes on Septem-ber 21, 2004. It was approved as an American National Standard by the American National Stan-dards Institute on December 28, 2004.vPERSONNEL OF PERFORMANCE TEST CODE COMMITTEE NO. 36 ON MEASUREMENT OF INDUSTRIAL SOUND(The following is a roster of the Commi

33、ttee at the time of the approval of this Code.)OFFICERSRobert A. Putnam, ChairBennett M. Brooks, Vice ChairGeorge Osolsobe, SecretaryCOMMITTEE PERSONNELBennett M. Brooks, Brooks Acoustics Corp.Richard E. Liebich, Argonne National Laboratory (US DOE)Paul B. Ostergaard, ConsultantDincer Ozgur, General

34、 Electric Corp.Richard J. Peppin, Scantek, Inc.Henry A. Scarton, Rensselaer Polytechnic InstituteRobert A. Putnam, Siemens Westinghouse Power Corp.Cameron W. Sherry, Enviro-risque, Inc.viBOARD ON PERFORMANCE TEST CODESOFFICERSJ. G. Yost, ChairJ. R. Friedman, Vice ChairS. D. Weinman, SecretaryCOMMITT

35、EE PERSONNELP. G. Albert P. M. McHaleR. P. Allen M. P. McHaleJ. M. Burns J. W. MiltonW. C. Campbell S. P. NusplM. J. Dooley A. L. PlumleyA. J. Egli R. R. PriestleyG. J. Gerber J. A. RabensteineP.M. Gerhart J. W. SiegmundT. C. Heil J. A. SilvaggioR. A. Johnson W. G. SteeleT. S. Jonas J. C. WestcottD.

36、 R. Keyser W. C. WoodS. J. KorellisHONORARY MEMBERSW. O HaysF. H. LightviiCORRESPONDENCE WITH THE PTC 36 COMMITTEEGeneral. ASME Codes are developed and maintained with the intent to represent the consen-sus of concerned interests. As such, users of this Code may interact with the Committee by re-que

37、sting interpretations, proposing revisions, and attending Committee meetings. Correspon-dence should be addressed to:Secretary, PTC 36 Standards CommitteeThe American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park AvenueNew York, NY 10016-5990Proposing Revisions. Revisions are made periodically to the Co

38、de to incorporate changes thatappear necessary or desirable, as demonstrated by the experience gained from the application ofthe Code. Approved revisions will be published periodically.The Committee welcomes proposals for revisions to this Code. Such proposals should be asspecific as possible, citin

39、g the paragraph number(s), the proposed wording, and a detailed de-scription of the reasons for the proposal, including any pertinent documentation.Interpretations. Upon request, the PTC 36 Committee will render an interpretation of any re-quirement of the Code. Interpretations can only be rendered

40、in response to a written request sentto the Secretary of the PTC 36 Standards Committee.The request for interpretation should be clear and unambiguous. It is further recommendedthat the inquirer submit his/her request in the following format:Subject: Cite the applicable paragraph number(s) and the t

41、opic of the inquiry.Edition: Cite the applicable edition of the Code for which the interpretation is beingrequested.Question: Phrase the question as a request for an interpretation of a specific require-ment suitable for general understanding and use, not as a request for an ap-proval of a proprieta

42、ry design or situation. The inquirer may also include anyplans or drawings which are necessary to explain the question; however, theyshould not contain proprietary names or information.Requests that are not in this format will be rewritten in this format by the Committee prior tobeing answered, whic

43、h may inadvertently change the intent of the original request.ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of any interpretation when or if additional in-formation that might affect an interpretation is available. Further, persons aggrieved by an in-terpretation may appeal to the cognizant ASME Commi

44、ttee or Subcommittee. ASME does not“approve,” “certify,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.Attending Committee Meetings. The PTC 36 Standards Committee regularly holds meetings,which are open to the public. Persons wishing to attend any meeting should conta

45、ct the Secre-tary of the PTC 36 Standards Committee.viiiMEASUREMENT OF INDUSTRIAL SOUNDSection 1Object and Scope1-1 OBJECTThe object of this Code is to describe procedures formeasuring and reporting airborne sound emission fromstationary sound sources and equipment, or from facil-ities composed of m

46、ultiple stationary sound sources.1-2 SCOPEThe scope of this Code includes measurement proce-dures in a variety of acoustical environments, includingoutdoor settings influenced by background noise. Gen-erally, sound pressure levels and/or sound power lev-els in prescribed frequency bands are used to

47、quantifyASME PTC 36-20041the sound emission of industrial equipment and facili-ties. Sound pressure level measurements or sound in-tensity measurements obtained using the procedures ofthis Code may be used to calculate sound power level.1-3 UNCERTAINTYThe uncertainty associated with this Code is a f

48、unc-tion not only of the procedures described here, and theinstrumentation prescribed, but also the circumstancesand variables of the individual tests. The uncertaintiesare defined and described in Mandatory Appendix I.Any departure from the Code requirements could in-troduce additional uncertainty.

49、Section 2Definitions and Description of Termsmicrophone: a transducer that responds to a pressurewave in air and delivers an electrical signal proportionalto the incident pressure.near field: a sound field near to the source in which thesound pressure does not decrease 6 dB for each dou-bling of distance from the source.octave: the interval between two sounds whose fre-quency ratio is 2:1.octave band: the segment of a frequency spectrum wherethe highest frequency is twice the lowest frequency.oscillator calibrator: an electronic microphone-calibratingdevice which generates a known sound