ASME PVHO-1-2007 Safety Standard for Pressure Vessels for Human Occupancy (PVHO-1 - 2007)《载人压力容器的安全标准》.pdf

1、Safety Standard for Pressure Vessels for Human OccupancyAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDASME PVHO-12007(Revision of ASME PVHO-12002)Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME PVHO-12007(Rev

2、ision of ASME PVHO-12002)Safety Standardfor PressureVessels forHumanOccupancyAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDThree Park Avenue New York, NY 10016Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Date o

3、f Issuance: November 16, 2007The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2010. There will be no addendaissued to this edition.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of thisStandard. Once approved, interpretations are published o

4、n the ASME Web site under the CommitteePages at http:/cstools.asme.org and are subsequently published in the next edition of this Standard.Users of this Standard are advised to check the ASME PVHO Committee Web page periodically forinterpretations, errata, and cases.ASME is the registered trademark

5、of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned inter

6、ests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was madeavailable for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any i

7、tem, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any

8、applicable letters patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expresslyadvised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, isentirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s)

9、or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted asgovernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance

10、 of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2007 byTHE AM

11、ERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-CONTENTSForeword viiCommittee Roster . viiiCorrespondence With the PVHO Co

12、mmittee xIn Memoriam xiiSummary of Changes xiiiSection 1 General Requirements. 11-1 Introduction . 11-2 Scope . 11-3 Exclusions 11-4 User Requirements 11-5 Manufacturers Data Report . 11-6 Materials 21-7 Design and Fabrication Requirements 21-8 Pressure Relief Devices 81-9 Marking 81-10 Nonmetallic

13、Materials and Toxicity Offgas Testing 91-11 Risk Analysis . 10Section 2 Viewports 162-1 General . 162-2 Design 162-3 Material . 262-4 Fabrication 292-5 Inspection . 292-6 Marking 312-7 Pressure Testing . 322-8 Installation of Windows in Chambers 322-9 Repair of Damaged Windows Prior to Being Placed

14、in Service 332-10 Guidelines for Application of the Requirements of Section 2 34Section 3 Quality Assurance for PVHO Manufacturers . 843-1 General . 843-2 Responsibilities 84Section 4 Piping Systems. 854-1 General . 854-2 Material Requirements 864-3 Design of Components 874-4 Selection and Limitatio

15、ns of Piping Components . 884-5 Selection and Limitation of Piping Joints . 894-6 Supports 904-7 Inspection . 904-8 Testing 904-9 Systems . 91Section 5 Medical Hyperbaric Systems. 995-1 General . 995-2 PVHO System Design . 995-3 Gas Systems 995-4 Control Systems and Instrumentation 1005-5 Environmen

16、tal Systems 100iiiCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Section 6 Diving Systems . 1016-1 General . 1016-2 Design 1026-3 Pressure Boundary 103Section 7 Submersibles. 1057-1 General . 105

17、7-2 Pressure Boundary 1067-3 Piping 1077-4 Electrical Systems . 1077-5 Life Support 1087-6 Fire Protection 1097-7 Navigation 1097-8 Communications 1107-9 Instrumentation . 1107-10 Buoyancy, Stability, Emergency Ascent, and Entanglement 1107-11 Emergency Equipment 111Figures1-7.13.1-1 Geometry of Cyl

18、inders 111-7.13.1-2 Stiffener Geometry 111-7.13.1-3 Sections Through Rings . 121-7.13.5 Values of t/Roand Lc/Ro121-9(b)-1 Form of Nameplate, U.S. Customary . 131-9(b)-2 Form of Nameplate, Metric 132-2.2.1-1 Standard Window Geometries . 372-2.2.1-2 Standard Window Geometries . 382-2.2.1-3 Standard Wi

19、ndow Geometries . 392-2.2.1-4 Standard Window Geometries . 402-2.5.1-1 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Flat Disk Acrylic Windows . 412-2.5.1-2 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Flat Disk Acrylic Windows . 422-2.5.1-3 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Flat Disk Acrylic Windows . 432-2.5.1-4 Short-Term Cr

20、itical Pressure of Conical Frustum Acrylic Windows 442-2.5.1-5 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Conical Frustum Acrylic Windows 452-2.5.1-6 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Spherical Sector Acrylic Windows . 462-2.5.1-7 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Spherical Sector Acrylic Windows . 472-2.5.1-8 Sho

21、rt-Term Critical Pressure of Cylindrical Acrylic Windows PressurizedInternally . 482-2.5.1-9 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Cylindrical Acrylic Windows PressurizedInternally . 492-2.5.1-10 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Cylindrical Acrylic Windows PressurizedExternally 502-2.5.1-11 Short-Term Elas

22、tic Buckling of Cylindrical Acrylic Windows BetweenSupports Under External Hydrostatic Pressure . 512-2.5.1-12 Short-Term Elastic Buckling of Cylindrical Acrylic Windows BetweenSupports Under External Hydrostatic Pressure . 522-2.5.1-13 Short-Term Elastic Buckling of Cylindrical Acrylic Windows Betw

23、eenSupports Under External Hydrostatic Pressure . 532-2.5.1-14 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Hyperhemispherical and NEMO TypeAcrylic Windows 542-2.5.1-15 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Hyperhemispherical and NEMO TypeAcrylic Windows 552-2.10.1-1 Seat Cavity Requirements Conical Frustum Window, Sp

24、herical SectorWindow With Conical Edge, and Flat Disk Window 562-2.10.1-2 Seat Cavity Requirements Double Beveled Disk Window . 572-2.10.1-3 Seat Cavity Requirements Spherical Sector Window WithSquare Edge 58ivCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo repr

25、oduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-2-2.10.1-4 Seat Cavity Requirements Hemispherical Window WithEquatorial Flange . 592-2.10.1-5 Seat Cavity Requirements Cylindrical Window . 602-2.10.1-6 Seat Cavity Requirements Hyperhemispherical Window 612-2.10.1-7 Seat Cavity Requireme

26、nts NEMO Window (Standard Seat) . 622-2.10.1-8 Seat Cavity Requirements NEMO Window (Seat With Extended CyclicFatigue Life) 632-2.11.10-1 Bevels on Window Edges Flat Disk Windows, Conical FrustumWindows, Spherical Sector Windows, Hyperhemispheres . 642-2.11.10-2 Bevels on Window Edges Flanged Hemisp

27、herical Window, SphericalSector Window With Square Edge, External Pressure and InternalPressure of Cylindrical Windows 652-2.14.11-1 Dimensional Tolerances for Penetrations in Acrylic Windows . 662-2.14.15-1 Dimensional Tolerances for Inserts in Acrylic Windows . 672-2.14.16-1 Typical Shapes of Inse

28、rts 682-2.14.22-1 Seal Configurations for Inserts in Acrylic Windows . 692-2.14.24-1 Restraints for Inserts in Acrylic Windows 704-9.14 Flow Diagram of Apparatus for Measuring the Concentration ofHydrocarbons in a Stream of Air or Other Gas After It Has PassedThrough a Test Hose 97Tables1-10 Convers

29、ion Factor, Fp (For PVHO Occupation Exceeding 8 hr) 132-2.3.1-1 Conversion Factors for Acrylic Flat Disk Windows . 712-2.3.1-2 Conversion Factors for Acrylic Conical Frustum Windows and DoubleBeveled Disk Windows 712-2.3.1-3 Conversion Factors for Acrylic Spherical Sector Windows With ConicalEdge, H

30、yperhemispherical Windows With Conical Edge, and NEMOType Windows With Conical Edge . 722-2.3.1-4 Conversion Factors for Acrylic Spherical Sector Windows With SquareEdge and Hemispherical Windows With Equatorial Flange . 722-2.3.1-5 Conversion Factors for Acrylic Cylindrical Windows . 732-2.3.2-1 Co

31、nical Frustum Windows for Design Pressures in Excess of 10,000 psi(69 MPa) 732-2.14.13-1 Specified Values of Physical Properties for Polycarbonate Plastic 742-2.14.13-2 Specified Values of Physical Properties for Cast Nylon Plastic 742-3.4-1 Specified Values of Physical Properties for Each Lot 752-3

32、.4-2 Specified Values of Physical Properties for Each Casting 762-4.5-1 Annealing Schedule for Acrylic Windows 774-2.1.1 Maximum Allowable Stress Values for Seamless Pipe and Tube MaterialsNot Listed in Nonmandatory Appendix A of ASME B31.1 . 984-7.1 Mandatory Minimum Nondestructive Examinations for

33、 Pressure Weldsin Piping Systems for Pressure Vessels for Human Occupancy 984-9.14 Maximum Allowable Concentration of Hydrocarbons in Air PassingThrough Hose 98FormsGR-1 Manufacturers Data Report for Pressure Vessels for Human Occupancy 14GR-1S Manufacturers Data Report Supplementary Sheet 15VP-1 Fa

34、brication Certification for Acrylic Windows 78VP-2 Acrylic Window Design Certification 79VP-3 Material Manufacturers Certification for Acrylic . 80VP-4 Material Testing Certification for Acrylic . 81VP-5 Pressure Testing Certification 82VP-6 Acrylic Window Repair Certification . 83vCopyright ASME In

35、ternational Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Mandatory AppendicesI Reference Codes, Standards, and Specifications . 113II Definitions 115Nonmandatory AppendicesA Design of Supports and Lifting Attachments . 120

36、B Recommendations for the Design of Through-Pressure BoundaryPenetrations 121C Recommended Practices for Color Coding and Labeling 124D Guidelines for the Submission of a PVHO Case for the Use ofNonstandard Designs, Materials, and Construction . 125E Useful References . 131viCopyright ASME Internati

37、onal Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-FOREWORDEarly in 1971 an ad hoc committee was formed by action of the ASME Codes and StandardsPolicy Board to develop design rules for pressure vessels for human occupancy.

38、 The importanceof this task was soon recognized, and the ASME Safety Code Committee on Pressure Vessels forHuman Occupancy (PVHO) was established in 1974 to continue the work of the ad hoc committee.Initially, this committee was to confine its activity to the pressure boundary of such systems. Itwas

39、 to reference existing ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC) sections, insofar aspracticable, adapting them for application to pressure vessels for human occupancy. The commonpractice hitherto has been to design such chambers in accordance with Section VIII, Division 1,of the ASME BPVC; howeve

40、r, a number of important considerations were not covered in thoserules. Among these were requirements for viewports and the in-service use of pressure reliefvalves, and special material toughness requirements. This Standard provides the necessary rulesto supplement that section, and also Section VII

41、I, Division 2, of the BPVC. The user is expectedto be familiar with the principles and application of the Code sections.BPVC criteria furnish the baseline for design. In PVHO-1, design temperature is limited to 0F(18C) to 150F (66C). Supporting structure and lifting loads are given special attention

42、. Certaindesign details permitted by Section VIII are excluded. A major addition is the inclusion ofdesign rules for acrylic viewports (Section 2). The formulation of rules for these vital and criticalappurtenances was one of the reasons for establishing the PVHO Committee. Finally, all chambersdesi

43、gned for external pressure are required to be subjected to an external pressure hydrostatictest or pneumatic test.The 2007 edition has been completely rewritten and reformatted from the 2002 edition. Section 1,General Requirements, is intended to be used for all PVHOs, regardless of use. The rules f

44、orexternal pressure design have been expanded to include unstiffened and ring stiffened cylinders,in addition to spheres. New additions are the sections pertaining to application specific PVHOs.Sections are included for medical hyperbaric systems, diving systems, submersibles, and qualityassurance.

45、The piping section has been expanded. Where possible, Mandatory Appendices havebeen incorporated into the body of the document. All forms have been revised to reflect thedocument (PVHO-1), an abbreviation denoting the corresponding section (e.g., General Require-ments is GR), and the form number wit

46、hin that Section. An example is PVHO-1 Form GR-1.There is still important work being accomplished by the Subcommittee in the areas of PVHOsutilizing nonstandard materials including nonmetallic PVHOs and expanding post constructionconsiderations. A companion document (PVHO-2) that covers in-service g

47、uidelines for PVHOacrylic windows has been published.The 2007 edition was approved and adopted by the American National Standards Institute asmeeting the criteria as an American National Standard on June 20, 2007. Previous editions werepublished in 1977, 1981, 1984, 1987, 1993, 1997, and 2002.viiCop

48、yright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME PRESSURE VESSELSFOR HUMAN OCCUPANCY COMMITTEE(The following is the roster of the Committee as of December 28, 2006.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSG.

49、 K. Wolfe, ChairP. L. Ziegler III, Vice ChairG. E. Moino, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELM. W. Allen, Life Support Tech Group, Inc.W. F. Crowley, Jr., Cal Dive InternationalE. G. Fink, Fink Engineering, Ltd.M. A. Frey, Naval Sea Systems CommandT. R. Galloway, Naval Sea Systems CommandG. P. Godfrey, Sechrist Industries, In