ASME PVHO-1-2016 Safety Standard for Pressure Vessels for Human Occupancy《病员用压力容器安全性标准》.pdf

1、Safety Standard for Pressure Vessels for Human OccupancyAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDASME PVHO-12016(Revision of ASME PVHO-12012)ASME PVHO-12016(Revision of ASME PVHO-12012)Safety Standard forPressure Vessels forHuman OccupancyAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDTwo Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 USADate o

2、f Issuance: August 29, 2016The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2019.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of thisStandard. Periodically certain actions of the ASME PVHO Committee may be published as Cases.Cases and inte

3、rpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages athttp:/cstools.asme.org/ as they are issued.Errata to codes and standards may be posted on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages toprovide corrections to incorrectly published items, or to correct typographical or gramma

4、tical errorsin codes and standards. Such errata shall be used on the date posted.The Committee Pages can be found at http:/cstools.asme.org/. There is an option available toautomatically receive an e-mail notification when errata are posted to a particular code or standard.This option can be found o

5、n the appropriate Committee Page after selecting “Errata” in the “PublicationInformation” section.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. T

6、he Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was madeavailable for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional pu

7、blic input from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems

8、 mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assumes any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expresslyadvised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights,

9、 and the risk of infringement of such rights, isentirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted asgovernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those

10、interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permi

11、ssion of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersTwo Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2016 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.CONTENTSForeword viiCommittee Roster . viiiCorrespondence With the PVHO Committee xSummary of Ch

12、anges xiiSection 1 General Requirements. 11-1 Introduction . 11-2 Scope . 11-3 Exclusions 11-4 User Requirements 11-5 Manufacturers Data Report . 21-6 Materials 21-7 Design and Fabrication Requirements 21-8 Pressure Relief Devices 131-9 Marking 131-10 Nonmetallic Materials and Toxicity Off-Gas Testi

13、ng 141-11 Risk Analysis . 15Section 2 Viewports 162-1 General . 162-2 Design 162-3 Material . 682-4 Fabrication 732-5 Inspection . 742-6 Marking 772-7 Pressure Testing . 772-8 Installation of Windows in Chambers 792-9 Repair of Damaged Windows Prior to Being Placed in Service 792-10 Guidelines for A

14、pplication of the Requirements of Section 2 81Section 3 Quality Assurance for PVHO Manufacturers . 853-1 General . 853-2 Responsibilities 85Section 4 Piping Systems. 864-1 General . 864-2 Material Requirements 874-3 Design of Components 894-4 Selection and Limitations of Piping Components . 894-5 Se

15、lection and Limitations of Piping Joints 904-6 Supports 914-7 Inspection . 914-8 Testing 924-9 Systems . 93Section 5 Medical Hyperbaric Systems. 995-1 General . 995-2 PVHO System Design . 995-3 Gas Systems 995-4 Control Systems and Instrumentation 1005-5 Environmental Systems 100iiiSection 6 Diving

16、Systems . 1016-1 General . 1016-2 Design 1026-3 Pressure Boundary 1046-4 Systems . 1056-5 Testing 1106-6 Quick-Acting Closures for Diving Bells and Emergency EvacuationSystems 110Section 7 Submersibles. 1127-1 General . 1127-2 Pressure Boundary 1137-3 Piping 1147-4 Electrical Systems . 1147-5 Life S

17、upport 1157-6 Fire Protection 1167-7 Navigation 1167-8 Communications 1177-9 Instrumentation . 1177-10 Buoyancy, Stability, Emergency Ascent, and Entanglement 1177-11 Emergency Equipment 118Figures1-7.13.1-1 Geometry of Cylinders 71-7.13.1-2 Stiffener Geometry 81-7.13.1-3 Sections Through Rings . 81

18、-7.13.5-1 Values of t/Roand Lc/Ro121-9-1 Form of Nameplate, U.S. Customary . 141-9-2 Form of Nameplate, Metric 142-2.2.1-1 Standard Window Geometries Part 1 182-2.2.1-2 Standard Window Geometries Part 2 192-2.2.1-3 Standard Window Geometries Part 3 202-2.2.1-4 Standard Window Geometries Part 4 212-2

19、.5.1-1 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Flat Disk Acrylic Windows Part 1 262-2.5.1-2 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Flat Disk Acrylic Windows Part 2 272-2.5.1-3 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Flat Disk Acrylic Windows Part 3 282-2.5.1-4 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Conical Frustum Acrylic Window

20、s Part 1 . 292-2.5.1-5 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Conical Frustum Acrylic Windows Part 2 . 302-2.5.1-6 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Spherical Sector Acrylic Windows Part1 . 312-2.5.1-7 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Spherical Sector Acrylic Windows Part2 . 322-2.5.1-8 Short-Term Critical Pr

21、essure of Cylindrical Acrylic Windows PressurizedInternally Part 1 342-2.5.1-9 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Cylindrical Acrylic Windows PressurizedInternally Part 2 352-2.5.1-10 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Cylindrical Acrylic Windows PressurizedExternally 362-2.5.1-11 Short-Term Elastic Buckl

22、ing of Cylindrical Acrylic Windows BetweenSupports Under External Hydrostatic Pressure Part 1 . 372-2.5.1-12 Short-Term Elastic Buckling of Cylindrical Acrylic Windows BetweenSupports Under External Hydrostatic Pressure Part 2 . 382-2.5.1-13 Short-Term Elastic Buckling of Cylindrical Acrylic Windows

23、 BetweenSupports Under External Hydrostatic Pressure Part 3 . 392-2.5.1-14 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Hyperhemispherical and NEMO-TypeAcrylic Windows Part 1 40iv2-2.5.1-15 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Hyperhemispherical and NEMO-TypeAcrylic Windows Part 2 412-2.10.1-1 Seat Cavity Requirement

24、s Conical Frustum Window, Spherical SectorWindow With Conical Edge, and Flat Disk Window 452-2.10.1-2 Seat Cavity Requirements Double Beveled Disk Window . 462-2.10.1-3 Seat Cavity Requirements Spherical Sector Window WithSquare Edge 472-2.10.1-4 Seat Cavity Requirements Hemispherical Window WithEqu

25、atorial Flange . 482-2.10.1-5 Seat Cavity Requirements Cylindrical Window . 492-2.10.1-6 Seat Cavity Requirements Hyperhemispherical Window 502-2.10.1-7 Seat Cavity Requirements NEMO Window (Standard Seat) . 512-2.10.1-8 Seat Cavity Requirements NEMO Window (Seat With Extended CyclicFatigue Life) 52

26、2-2.11.10-1 Bevels on Window Edges Flat Disk Windows, Conical FrustumWindows, Spherical Sector Windows, Hyperhemispheres . 542-2.11.10-2 Bevels on Window Edges Flanged Hemispherical Window, SphericalSector Window With Square Edge, External Pressure and InternalPressure of Cylindrical Windows 552-2.1

27、1.11-1 Acceptable Configurations for Clear Viewport Retaining Covers 572-2.14.11-1 Dimensional Tolerances for Penetrations in Acrylic Windows . 612-2.14.15-1 Dimensional Tolerances for Inserts in Acrylic Windows . 632-2.14.16-1 Typical Shapes of Inserts 642-2.14.22-1 Seal Configurations for Inserts

28、in Acrylic Windows . 662-2.14.24-1 Restraints for Inserts in Acrylic Windows 674-9.14.2-1 Flow Diagram of Apparatus for Measuring the Concentration ofHydrocarbons in a Stream of Air or Other Gas After It Has PassedThrough a Test Hose 986-4.5.2.2-1 Placement and Design of Markings of Hyperbaric Rescu

29、e SystemsDesigned to Float in Water 1096-4.5.2.2-2 Markings of Hyperbaric Rescue Systems Designed to Float in Water 109Tables1-10-1 Conversion Factor, Fp (for PVHO Occupation Exceeding 8 hr) 152-2.3.1-1 Conversion Factors for Acrylic Flat Disk Windows . 232-2.3.1-2 Conversion Factors for Acrylic Con

30、ical Frustum Windows and DoubleBeveled Disk Windows 232-2.3.1-3 Conversion Factors for Acrylic Spherical Sector Windows With ConicalEdge, Hyperhemispherical Windows With Conical Edge, and NEMO-Type Windows With Conical Edge . 242-2.3.1-4 Conversion Factors for Acrylic Spherical Sector Windows With S

31、quareEdge and Hemispherical Windows With Equatorial Flange . 242-2.3.1-5 Conversion Factors for Acrylic Cylindrical Windows . 252-2.3.2-1 Conical Frustum Windows for Design Pressures in Excess of 10,000 psi(69 MPa) 252-2.14.13-1 Specified Values of Physical Properties for Polycarbonate Plastic 622-2

32、.14.13-2 Specified Values of Physical Properties for Cast Nylon Plastic 622-3.4-1 Specified Values of Physical Properties for Each Lot 692-3.4-2 Specified Values of Physical Properties for Each Casting 712-4.5-1 Annealing Schedule for Acrylic Windows 754-2.1.1-1 Maximum Allowable Stress Values for S

33、eamless Pipe and Tube MaterialsNot Listed in Nonmandatory Appendix A of ASME B31.1 . 874-7.1-1 Mandatory Minimum Nondestructive Examinations for Pressure Weldsin Piping Systems for Pressure Vessels for Human Occupancy 924-9.14.2-1 Maximum Allowable Concentration of Hydrocarbons in Air PassingThrough

34、 Hose 98vFormsGR-1 Manufacturers Data Report for Pressure Vessels for Human Occupancy 5GR-1S Manufacturers Data Report Supplementary Sheet 6VP-1 Fabrication Certification for Acrylic Windows 17VP-2 Acrylic Window Design Certification 59VP-3 Material Manufacturers Certification for Acrylic . 70VP-4 M

35、aterial Testing Certification for Acrylic . 72VP-5 Pressure Testing Certification 78VP-6 Acrylic Window Repair Certification . 82Mandatory AppendicesI Reference Codes, Standards, and Specifications . 119II Definitions 121Nonmandatory AppendicesA Design of Supports and Lifting Attachments . 127B Reco

36、mmendations for the Design of Through-Pressure BoundaryPenetrations 128C Recommended Practices for Color Coding and Labeling 131D Guidelines for the Submission of a PVHO Case for the Use ofNonstandard Designs, Materials, and Construction . 132E Guidelines for Preparing a PVHO Performance-Based Case

37、for FlexibleChambers . 138F Useful References . 153viFOREWORDEarly in 1971, an ad hoc committee was formed by action of the ASME Codes and StandardsPolicy Board to develop design rules for pressure vessels for human occupancy. The importanceof this task was soon recognized, and the ASME Safety Code

38、Committee on Pressure Vessels forHuman Occupancy (PVHO) was established in 1974 to continue the work of the ad hoc committee.Initially, this committee was to confine its activity to the pressure boundary of such systems. Itwas to reference existing ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC) section

39、s, insofar aspracticable, adapting them for application to pressure vessels for human occupancy. The commonpractice hitherto had been to design such chambers in accordance with Section VIII, Division 1of the ASME BPVC; however, a number of important considerations were not covered in thoserules. Amo

40、ng these were requirements for viewports and the in-service use of pressure reliefvalves, and special material toughness requirements. This Standard provides the necessary rulesto supplement that section, and also Section VIII, Division 2 of the BPVC. The user is expectedto be familiar with the prin

41、ciples and application of the Code sections.BPVC criteria furnish the baseline for design. In PVHO-1, design temperature is limited to 0Fto 150F (18C to 66C). Supporting structure and lifting loads are given special attention. Certaindesign details permitted by Section VIII are excluded. A major add

42、ition is the inclusion ofdesign rules for acrylic viewports (Section 2). The formulation of rules for these vital and criticalappurtenances was one of the reasons for establishing the PVHO Committee. Finally, all chambersdesigned for external pressure are required to be subjected to an external pres

43、sure hydrostatictest or pneumatic test.The 2007 edition was completely rewritten and reformatted from the 2002 edition. Section 1,General Requirements, is intended to be used for all PVHOs, regardless of use. The rules forexternal pressure design were expanded to include unstiffened and ring-stiffen

44、ed cylinders, inaddition to spheres. Other additions included sections pertaining to application-specific PVHOs.Sections were included for medical hyperbaric systems, diving systems, submersibles, and qualityassurance. The piping section was expanded. Where possible, Mandatory Appendices were incor-

45、porated into the body of the document. All Forms were revised to reflect the document (PVHO-1),an abbreviation denoting the corresponding section (e.g., General Requirements is GR), and theform number within that Section. An example is PVHO-1 Form GR-1.The 2012 edition included expansions made to th

46、e General Requirements, Viewports, andDiving Systems Sections.The 2016 edition includes additional expansions made to the General Requirements, Viewports,Medical Hyperbaric Systems, and Diving Systems Sections. It includes a new NonmandatoryAppendix for preparing PVHO performance-based Cases for fle

47、xible chambers. There is continu-ing work being accomplished by the Subcommittees in the areas of PVHOs using nonstandardmaterials, including nonmetallic PVHOs. A companion document (PVHO-2) that covers in-serviceguidelines for PVHOs has been published.The 2016 edition of PVHO-1 was approved and ado

48、pted by the American National StandardsInstitute as meeting the criteria as an American National Standard on January 20, 2016. Previouseditions were published in 1977, 1981, 1984, 1987, 1993, 1997, 2002, 2007, and 2012.viiASME PRESSURE VESSELSFOR HUMAN OCCUPANCY COMMITTEE(The following is the roster

49、 of the Committee as of November 10, 2015.)STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSG. K. Wolfe, ChairJ. Witney, Vice ChairG. E. Moino, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELM. W. Allen, Microbaric Oxygen Systems, LLCJ. E. Crouch, Southwest Research InstituteW. F. Crowley, Jr., Aerospace however, they shouldnot contain proprietary names or information.Requests that are not in this format may be rewritten in the appropriate format by the Committeeprior to being answered, which may inadvertently change the intent of the original reque