ASQ E14064-1-2006 Greenhouse gases Part 1 Specification with guidance at the organization level for quantification and reporting of greenhouse gas emissions and removals (T820E)《温室.pdf

1、 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Greenhouse gases Part 1: Specification with guidance at the organization level for quantification and reporting of greenhouse gas emissions and removals AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR QUALITY P.O. BOX 3005 MILWAUKEE, WI 53201-3005 ANSI/ISO/ASQ E14064-1:2006(E)AMERICAN NATIONAL STAN

2、DARD Greenhouse gases Part 1: Specification with guidance at the organization level for quantification and reporting of greenhouse gas emissions and removals Approved as an American National Standard by: American Society for Quality August 16, 2006 American National Standards: An American National S

3、tandard implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with is scope and provisions. An American National Standard is intended as a guide to aid the manufacturer, the consumer, and the general public. The existence of an American National Standard does not in any respect preclude anyone, wheth

4、er he or she has approved the standard or not, from manufacturing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standard. American National Standards are subject to periodic review and users are cautioned to obtain the latest edition. Caution Notice: This American Na

5、tional Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than five years from the date of publication. Purchasers of American National Standards may receiv

6、e current information on all standards by calling of writing the American National Standards Institute. ANSI/ISO/ASQ E14064-1:2006(E)iii 2006 by ASQCopyright Protection Notice for the ANSI/ISO/ASQ E14064-1:2006(E) Standard.This standard is subject to copyright claims of ISO, ANSI, and ASQ. Not for r

7、esale. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, including an electronic retrieval system, without the prior written permission of ASQ. All requests pertaining to the ANSI/ISO/ASQ E14064-1:2006(E) Standard should be submitted to ASQ.Note: As used in this document, the term “Internat

8、ional Standard” refers to the American National Standard adoption of this and other International Standards.ASQ will consider requests for change and information on the submittal of such requests regarding this Standard. All requests should be in writing to the attention of the Standards administrat

9、or at the address below.ASQ Mission: The American Society for Quality advances individual and organizational performance excellence worldwide by providing opportunities for learning, quality improvement, and knowledge exchange.Published by:ANSI/ISO/ASQ E14064-1:2006(E)ivAlso available from ASQ Quali

10、ty Press: ANSI/ASQ E4-2004: Quality systems for environmental data and technology programs Requirements with guidance for use ANSI/ASQ ANSI/ISO/ASQ QE19011S-2004: Guidelines for quality and/or environmental management systems auditing ANSI/ISO/ASQ Effective Implementation of ISO 14001 Marilyn Block

11、Clean, Green and Read All Over: Ten Rules for Effective Corporate Environmental and Sustainability Reporting J. Emil Morhardt ISO 14015:2001 Environmental Management: Environmental assessment of sites and organizations (EASO) ISO The Management System Auditors Handbook Joe Kausek To request a compli

12、mentary catalog of ASQ Quality Press publications, call 800-248-1946, or visit our Web site at http:/qualitypress.asq.org. ANSI/ISO/ASQ E14064-1:2006(E)v(This page is intentionally left blank.) Contents Page1 Scope 12 Terms and definitions 13 Principles 63.1 General . 63.2 Relevance . 63.3 Completen

13、ess 63.4 Consistency . 63.5 Accuracy 63.6 Transparency . 64 GHG inventory design and development 64.1 Organizational boundaries . 64.2 Operational boundaries 74.3 Quantification of GHG emissions and removals 85 GHG inventory components . 105.1 GHG emissions and removals 105.2 Organizational activiti

14、es to reduce GHG emissions or increase GHG removals 105.3 Base-year GHG inventory . 115.4 Assessing and reducing uncertainty 126 GHG inventory quality management 126.1 GHG information management 126.2 Document retention and record keeping 127 Reporting of GHG 137.1 General . 137.2 Planning the GHG r

15、eport 137.3 GHG report content . 138 Organizations role in verification activities 148.1 General . 148.2 Preparing for verification 148.3 Verification management 15Annex A (informative) Consolidating facility-level data to the organization level 17Annex B (informative) Examples of other indirect gre

16、enhouse gas emissions . 18Annex C (informative) Greenhouse gas global warming potentials 19Bibliography . 20ANSI/ISO/ASQ E14064-1:2006(E)viiForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies(ISO member bodies). The work of preparin

17、g International Standards is normally carried out through ISOtechnical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has beenestablished has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental andnon-governmental, in liaison

18、 with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the InternationalElectrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technic

19、al committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standardsadopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as anInternational Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to t

20、he possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patentrights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 14064-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 207, Environmental management.ISO 14064 consists of the following parts

21、, under the general title Greenhouse gases: Part 1: Specification with guidance at the organization level for quantification and reporting of greenhousegas emissions and removals Part 2: Specification with guidance at the project level for quantification, monitoring and reporting ofgreenhouse gas em

22、ission reductions or removal enhancements Part 3: Specification with guidance for the validation and verification of greenhouse gas assertionsANSI/ISO/ASQ E14064-1:2006(E)viiiIntroduction0.1 Climate change has been identified as one of the greatest challenges facing nations, governments,business and

23、 citizens over future decades. Climate change has implications for both human and naturalsystems and could lead to significant changes in resource use, production and economic activity. In response,international, regional, national and local initiatives are being developed and implemented to limit g

24、reenhousegas (GHG) concentrations in the Earths atmosphere. Such GHG intitiatives rely on the quantification,monitoring, reporting and verification of GHG emissions and/or removals.This part of ISO 14064 details principles and requirements for designing, developing, managing and reportingorganizatio

25、n- or company-level GHG inventories. It includes requirements for determining GHG emissionboundaries, quantifying an organizations GHG emissions and removals, and identifying specific companyactions or activities aimed at improving GHG management. It also includes requirements and guidance oninvento

26、ry quality management, reporting, internal auditing and the organizations responsibilities for verificationactivities.ISO 14064-2 focuses on GHG projects or project-based activities specifically designed to reduce GHGemissions or increase GHG removals. It includes principles and requirements for det

27、ermining project baselinescenarios and for monitoring, quantifying and reporting project performance relative to the baseline scenarioand provides the basis for GHG projects to be validated and verified.ISO 14064-3 details principles and requirements for verifying GHG inventories and validating or v

28、erifying GHGprojects. It describes the process for GHG-related validation or verification and specifies components such asvalidation or verification planning, assessment procedures and the evaluation of organization or project GHGassertions. ISO 14064-3 can be used by organizations or independent pa

29、rties to validate or verify GHGassertions.Figure 1 displays the relationship between the three parts of ISO 14064.0.2 ISO 14064 is expected to benefit organizations, governments, project proponents and stakeholdersworldwide by providing clarity and consistency for quantifying, monitoring, reporting

30、and validating or verifyingGHG inventories or projects. Specifically, use of ISO 14064 could enhance the environmental integrity of GHG quantification, enhance the credibility, consistency and transparency of GHG quantification, monitoring and reporting,including GHG project emission reductions and

31、removal enhancements, facilitate the development and implementation of an organizations GHG management strategies and plans, facilitate the development and implementation of GHG projects, facilitate the ability to track performance and progress in the reduction of GHG emissions and/or increase inGHG

32、 removals, and facilitate the crediting and trade of GHG emission reductions or removal enhancements.Users of ISO 14064 could find benefit from some of the following applications:a) corporate risk management: for example, the identification and management of risks and opportunities;b) voluntary init

33、iatives: for example, participation in voluntary GHG registry or reporting initiatives;c) GHG markets: for example, the buying and selling of GHG allowances or credits;d) regulatory/government reporting: for example, credit for early action, negotiated agreements or nationalreporting programmes.ANSI

34、/ISO/ASQ E14064-1:2006(E)ix0.3 Consistent with the objective of building on existing International Standards and protocols on corporateGHG inventories, this part of ISO 14064 incorporates many key concepts and requirements stated by WorldBusiness Council for Sustainable Development/World Resources I

35、nstitute in Reference 4. Users of this part ofISO 14064 are encouraged to refer to Reference 4 for additional guidance on applying relevant concepts andrequirements.Figure 1 Relationship between the parts of ISO 14064ANSI/ISO/ASQ E14064-1:2006(E)xSome clauses require users of this part of ISO 14064

36、to explain the use of certain approaches or decisionstaken. Explanation will generally include documentation of the following: How approaches were used or decisions taken. Why approaches were chosen or decisions made.Some clauses require users of this part of ISO 14064 to justify the use of certain

37、approaches or decisionstaken. Justification will generally include documentation of the following: How approaches were used or decisions taken. Why approaches were chosen or decisions made. Why alternative approaches were not chosen.ANSI/ISO/ASQ E14064-1:2006(E)xiINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/ISO/ASQ

38、E14064-1:2006(E)Greenhouse gases Part 1:Specification with guidance at the organization level for quantification and reporting of greenhouse gas emissions and removals1ScopeThis part of ISO 14064 specifies principles and requirements at the organization level for quantification andreporting of greeh

39、ouse gas (GHG) emissions and removals. It includes requirements for the design,development, management, reporting and verification of an organizations GHG inventory.ISO 14064 is GHG programme neutral. If a GHG programme is applicable, requirements of that GHGprogramme are additional to the requireme

40、nts of ISO 14064.NOTE If a requirement of ISO 14064 prohibits an organization or a GHG project proponent from complying with arequirement of the GHG programme, the requirement of the GHG programme takes precedence.2 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and defi

41、nitions apply.2.1greenhouse gasGHGgaseous constituent of the atmosphere, both natural and anthropogenic, that absorbs and emits radiation atspecific wavelengths within the spectrum of infrared radiation emitted by the Earths surface, the atmosphere,and cloudsNOTE GHGs include carbon dioxide (CO2), m

42、ethane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs),perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6).2.2greenhouse gas sourcephysical unit or process that releases a GHG into the atmosphere2.3greenhouse gas sinkphysical unit or process that removes a GHG from the atmosphere2.4greenhous

43、e gas reservoirphysical unit or component of the biosphere, geosphere or hydrosphere with the capability to store oraccumulate a GHG removed from the atmosphere by a greenhouse gas sink (2.3) or a GHG captured from agreenhouse gas source (2.2)NOTE 1 The total mass of carbon contained in a GHG reserv

44、oir at a specified point in time could be referred to as thecarbon stock of the reservoir.NOTE 2 A GHG reservoir can transfer greenhouse gases to another GHG reservoir.1NOTE 3 The collection of a GHG from a GHG source before it enters the atmosphere and storage of the collected GHG ina GHG reservoir

45、 could be referred to as GHG capture and storage.2.5greenhouse gas emissiontotal mass of a GHG released to the atmosphere over a specified period of time2.6greenhouse gas removaltotal mass of a GHG removed from the atmosphere over a specified period of time2.7greenhouse gas emission or removal facto

46、rfactor relating activity data to GHG emissions or removalsNOTE A greenhouse gas emission or removal factor could include an oxidation component.2.8direct greenhouse gas emissionGHG emission from greenhouse gas sources (2.2) owned or controlled by the organization NOTE This part of ISO 14064 uses th

47、e concepts of financial and operational control to establish an organizationsoperational boundaries.2.9energy indirect greenhouse gas emissionGHG emission from the generation of imported electricity, heat or steam consumed by the organization 2.10other indirect greenhouse gas emissionGHG emission, o

48、ther than energy indirect GHG emissions, which is a consequence of an organizationsactivities, but arises from greenhouse gas sources (2.2) that are owned or controlled by other organizations2.11greenhouse gas activity dataquantitative measure of activity that results in a GHG emission or removalNOT

49、E Examples of GHG activity data include the amount of energy, fuels or electricity consumed, material produced,service provided or area of land affected.2.12greenhouse gas assertiondeclaration or factual and objective statement made by the responsible party (2.23)NOTE 1 The GHG assertion may be presented at a point in time or may cover a period of time.NOTE 2 The GHG assertion provided by the responsible party should be clearly identifiable, capable of consistentevaluation or measurement against suitable crite