1、Designation: A1015 01 (Reapproved 2014)Standard Guide forVideoborescoping of Tubular Products for SanitaryApplications1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A1015; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the y
2、ear of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This standard covers guidelines for ordering and exam-ining tubular products for sanitary applications by video
3、bore-scoping. This method uses movable camera probe at the end ofa cable to examine the interior of a tubular product. The imageis then transmitted to an external monitor for analysis. Themethod is normally used when inside surface imperfections,not normally detected by other nondestructive methods,
4、 mayresult in contamination of the product which is contained bythe tubular product.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.2
5、. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, RelatedAlloys, and Ferroalloys3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of some of the terms used in thisspecification, refer to Specification A941.3.2 Other Definitions:3.2.1 collara device whic
6、h fits around the probe tip tocontrol distance from the product surface and angle of viewingto ensure a consistent magnification factor.3.3 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.3.1 inclusiona nonmetallic particle embedded in theproduct surface.3.3.2 nicka surface imperfection resulting f
7、rom materialremoval or compression usually caused by a mechanicalmeans. It usually has a length to width ratio less than 5.3.3.3 oxidea darker, non-reflective area that is the result ofimproper protective gas coverage during a high temperatureoperation or insufficient chemical cleaning.3.3.4 pita sh
8、arp edged surface depression usually causedby the removal of an embedded particle but may also be causedby selective metal removal by a chemical means.3.3.5 shrinkagea line of irregular shallow pores whichoccur along the center of a weld.3.3.6 scratcha long depression caused by a mechanicalmeans. It
9、 usually has a length-to-width ratio greater than 5.3.3.7 slag pocketa pit, usually in a weld, caused by aparticle of slag (metal oxides, carbides, fluorides or similar)which may have been cold worked into the surface. The pocketmay or may not still contain slag during the examination.3.3.8 starburs
10、ta series of slag pockets where the centerone is usually the largest and smaller ones radiate outward.3.3.9 tubea generic term for all tubular products includingboth pipe and tube.4. Ordering Information4.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all ofthe requirements that are desired
11、under this specification. Suchrequirements may include, but are not limited to, the following:4.1.1 Number of tubes to be inspected.4.1.2 The amount of probe to tube rotation, if desired(Section 8).4.1.3 Any special probe coverage (Section 8).4.1.4 Special probe feed rates (Section 8).4.1.5 Any spec
12、ial acceptance criteria (Section 6).4.1.6 Supply of recording tapes and whether traceability isrequired (Section 9).4.1.7 Information to be identified on recording tapes (Sec-tion 9).4.1.8 Whether customer witnessing is required (Section 10).4.1.9 Whether Certification is required (Section 11).1This
13、 guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloysand is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.Current edition approved March 1, 2014. Published March 2014. Originallyapproved in 2001. Last previo
14、us edition approved in 2009 as A1015 01 (2009).DOI: 10.1520/A1015-01R14.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe AS
15、TM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15. Significance and Use5.1 This specification establishes some the key factorswhich govern the interpretation of videoborescoping tubularproducts for a specific application. I
16、t is recognized that therequirements for one application may be very different thanthose of another. Therefore, the specification allows for theinspection to be customized for the application by the user byallowing the purchaser to specify parameters which may beimportant for the application.6. Acce
17、ptance Criteria6.1 The purpose of this inspection is to identify imperfec-tions on the ID surface of the tube which may be detrimentalto the end use. These imperfections could have a variety ofshapes, sizes and causes which may or may not have impact onthe final use. The criteria should include a re
18、ference to thetypes of imperfections which are considered detrimental. Thesemay include, but are not limited to, the following:6.1.1 Nicks,6.1.2 Scratches or other linear imperfections,6.1.3 Pits,6.1.4 Inclusions,6.1.5 Slag pockets,6.1.6 Starbursts,6.1.7 Shrinkage,6.1.8 Oxide,6.1.9 Other weld imperf
19、ections.6.2 Each imperfection shall be ranked by size. The criteriashould include a listing of how many imperfections of a typeand size are allowed per tube. It may include a listing whichallows more, smaller imperfections of a type or fewer largeones. It may also include a maximum size which is all
20、owed.The criteria may also define whether imperfections maycontain deposits or not.6.2.1 When properly calibrated, the length and width of theimperfection can be determined.6.2.2 Imperfection depth is difficult to determine by thistechnique. When depth is a necessary part of the criteria, arepresent
21、ative sample should be agreed upon by the purchaserand supplier based upon the video image. This sample can thenbe sectioned and the depth measured by an alternative method.6.3 Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, the produc-ers published acceptance criteria shall be used. When nocriteria ex
22、ists, the acceptance criteria shall be negotiated priorto the start of testing.7. Calibration7.1 When imperfection sizing is part of the criteria, thevideoborescope shall be calibrated prior to the examination.The following items affect sizing of imperfections for aparticular unit:7.1.1 Probe to sur
23、face distance. As the distance from theprobe tip to the examined surface decreases, the magnificationfactor increases.7.1.1.1 This distance shall be carefully controlled. This canbe accomplished by fitting a collar to the tip of the probe whichfits snugly into the inside diameter of the tube. The co
24、llar shallalso have enough clearance to slide freely inside of the tubeand be made of a material which will not cause additionalunacceptable imperfections on the ID surface. The collar shallhave sufficient length to prevent rocking of the probe whichmay hinder defect sizing.7.1.2 Probe type,7.1.3 Pr
25、obe lens,7.1.4 Display CRT. As the display screen increases, so doesthe magnification.7.2 If any of the above four items, or any other factor whichmay affect magnification, is changed, the unit shall be recali-brated.7.3 Calibration shall be performed using standards traceableto known National Stand
26、ards, where they exist. Precision steelscales with 0.020 in. (0.5 mm) or liner graduations may be usedfor this calibration providing that the spacing between theprobe tip and scale is controlled to be the same as probe tip andexamined surface distance.8. Method of Scanning8.1 The method and coverage
27、 of scanning, and care shall berelated to the criticality of the application (See Notes 1-3).NOTE 1Scanning is usually considered as a sampling technique as theinside surface coverage is often less than 100 %. As the amount of surfacearea per tube to be scanned increases, so does the potential for d
28、etectingan increasing number of imperfections. Therefore, as the amount ofinspected surface area increases, so should the number of imperfections inthe acceptance criteria for a tube of the same quality level.NOTE 2The videoborescoping technique is considered to be arelatively slow and expensive exa
29、mination method. When deciding upona scanning coverage and rate, the purchaser should recognize that highercoverages and slower path rates can increase the time of examination. Thiscan have a significant impact on the overall time to perform the task andincrease the cost. The purchaser should consid
30、er this when deciding uponthese items.NOTE 3When surface finish may be critical to an application, such asthose which use an electropolished finish, The user needs to choosecoatings for the probe which do not damage the surface during theexamination.8.1.1 When a welded product is examined, unless ot
31、herwisespecified by the purchaser, the examination shall be along theweld seam only.8.1.2 The purchaser may specify if the examination path islinear or helical.8.1.3 When desired, the purchaser may specify the maxi-mum scanning rate which may be used. This is usuallyexpressed as a tubular length per
32、 minute.9. Recordings9.1 When specified by the purchaser, recordings shall bemade of the tube inspection. These are usually in the standardVHS format. The purchaser may specify if the recordings areto be from every tube or per a sample plan.9.2 When traceability between tube and recording isrequired
33、, the supplier shall provide a method to identify eachtube to the recording. If special information is to be identifiedon these recordings, the purchaser shall include this in thepurchase order.A1015 01 (2014)29.3 If defect sizing is utilized for acceptance of the tube, thesupplier shall identify th
34、e size of the video monitor used duringthe inspection.10. Inspection10.1 The inspector representing the purchaser shall haveentry, at all times, to those areas where the inspection is beingperformed. The supplier shall afford the inspector all reason-able facilities to satisfy him that the material
35、is being examinedin accordance with this specification. The inspection shall beconducted so as not to interfere unnecessarily with the exami-nation.11. Certification11.1 When required by the purchaser, the supplier shallfurnish a statement that the material has been examined and hasmet all of the re
36、quirements of this specification and thecustomer purchase order.12. Keywords12.1 pipes; tubes; tubular products; videoborescopingASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard ar
37、e expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not
38、revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which yo
39、u may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United
40、 States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).A1015 01 (2014)3
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