ASTM A105 A105M-2009 Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping Applications《管道设备用碳素钢锻件的标准规范》.pdf

1、Designation: A 105/A 105M 09Endorsed byManufacturers Standardization Societyof the Valve and Fittings IndustryUsed in USDOE-NE StandardsStandard Specification forCarbon Steel Forgings for Piping Applications1This standard is issued under the fixed designationA 105/A 105M; the number immediately foll

2、owing the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been appro

3、ved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification2covers forged carbon steel pipingcomponents for ambient- and higher-temperature service inpressure systems. Included are flanges, fittings, valves, andsimilar parts ordered either to dimensions specified by thepurch

4、aser or to dimensional standards such as the MSS,ASME, and API specifications referenced in Section 2. Forg-ings made to this specification are limited to a maximumweight of 10 000 lb 4540 kg. Larger forgings may be orderedto Specification A 266/A 266M. Tubesheets and hollow cylin-drical forgings fo

5、r pressure vessel shells are not includedwithin the scope of this specification. Although this specifica-tion covers some piping components machined from rolled barand seamless tubular products (see 4.2), it does not cover rawmaterial produced in these product forms.1.2 Supplementary requirements ar

6、e provided for use whenadditional testing or inspection is desired. These shall applyonly when specified individually by the purchaser in the order.1.3 Specification A 266/A 266M covers other steel forgingsand Specifications A 675/A 675M and A 696 cover other steelbars.1.4 This specification is expr

7、essed in both inch-pound unitsand SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable“M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall befurnished to inch-pound units.The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are tobe regarded separately as standard. The values sta

8、ted in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each systemshall be used independently of the other. Combining valuesfrom the two systems may result in non-conformance with thestandard.1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. W

9、ithin the text, theSI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each systemshall be used independently of the other. Combining valuesfrom the two systems may result in non-conformance with thestandard.NOTE 1The dimensionless designator NPS

10、(nominal pipe size) hasbeen substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominaldiameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”2. Referenced Documents2.1 In addition to those reference documents listed inSpecification A 961/A 961M, the following list of standardsapply to this specification:2.2

11、 ASTM Standards:3A 266/A 266M Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings forPressure Vessel ComponentsA 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA 675/A 675M Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought, Special Quality, Mechanical PropertiesA 696 Specification for S

12、teel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought orCold-Finished, Special Quality, for Pressure Piping Com-ponentsA 788/A 788M Specification for Steel Forgings, GeneralRequirementsA 961/A 961M Specification for Common Requirementsfor Steel Flanges, Forged Fittings, Valves, and Parts forPiping Applications2.3 MSS Stan

13、dards:SP 44 Standard for Steel Pipe Line Flanges42.4 ASME Standards:B16.5 Dimensional Standards for Steel Pipe Flanges andFlanged Fittings5B16.9 Wrought Steel Buttwelding Fittings5B16.10 Face-to-Face and End-to-End Dimensions of Fer-rous Valves51This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM C

14、ommittee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.22 on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and BoltingMaterials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications.Current edition approved July 1, 2009. Published August 2009

15、. Originallyapproved in 1926. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as A 105/A 105M 05.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-cation SA-105 in Section II of that Code.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Se

16、rvice at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and FittingsIndustry (MSS), 127 Park St., NE, Vienna, VA 22180-4602, http:/www.mss-.5Avail

17、able from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohock

18、en, PA 19428-2959, United States.B16.11 Forged Steel Fittings, Socket Weld, and Threaded5B16.34 Valves-Flanged, Threaded and Welding End5B16.47 Large Diameter Steel Flanges52.5 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:Section IX Welding Qualifications52.6 API Standards:API-600 Flanged and Butt-Welding-E

19、nd Steel Gate Valves6API-602 Compact Design Carbon Steel Gate Valves forRefinery Use63. Ordering Information3.1 See Specification A 961/A 961M.3.1.1 Additional requirements (see 12.2).4. General Requirements4.1 Product furnished to this specification shall conform tothe requirements of Specification

20、 A 961/A 961M, includingany supplementary requirements that are indicated in thepurchase order. Failure to comply with the requirements ofSpecification A 961/A 961M constitutes nonconformance withthis specification. In case of a conflict between the require-ments of this specification and Specificat

21、ion A 961/A 961M,this specification shall prevail.4.2 Except as permitted by Section 6 in SpecificationA 961/A 961M, the finished product shall be a forging asdefined in the Terminology Section of Specification A 788/A 788M.5. Heat Treatment5.1 Heat treatment is not a mandatory requirement of thissp

22、ecification except for the following piping components:5.1.1 Flanges above Class 300,75.1.2 Flanges of special design where the design pressure atthe design temperature exceeds the pressure-temperature rat-ings of Class 300, Group 1.1,5.1.3 Flanges of special design where the design pressure ordesig

23、n temperature are not known,5.1.4 Piping components other than flanges which meetboth of the following criteria: (1) over NPS 4 and (2) aboveClass 300, and5.1.5 Piping components of Special Class8other thanflanges which meet both of the following criteria: (1) over NPS4 and (2) when the working pres

24、sure at the operating tempera-ture exceeds the tabulated values for Special Class 300, Group1.1.5.2 Heat treatment, when required by 5.1 shall be annealing,normalizing, or normalizing and tempering or quenching andtempering in accordance with Specification A 961/A 961M.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The

25、 steel shall conform to the chemical requirementsspecified in Table 1.6.2 Steels to which lead has been added shall not be used.7. Mechanical Properties7.1 The material shall conform to the mechanical propertyrequirements prescribed in Table 2 and Table 3.7.2 For normalized, normalized and tempered,

26、 or quenchedand tempered forgings, the central axis of the test specimenshall correspond to the14 T plane or deeper position, where Tis the maximum heat-treated thickness of the representedforging. In addition, for quenched and tempered forgings, themidlength of the test specimen shall be at least T

27、 from anysecond heat-treated surface. When section thickness does notpermit this positioning, the test specimen shall be positioned asnear as possible to the prescribed location.7.3 Tension Tests:7.3.1 One tension test shall be made for each heat ofas-forged components.7.3.2 One tension test shall b

28、e made from each heat-treatingcharge. If more than one heat is included in such a charge, eachheat shall be tested.7.3.2.1 When the heat-treating temperatures are the sameand the furnaces (either batch or continuous type), are con-trolled within 625 F 614 C and equipped with recordingpyrometers so t

29、hat complete records of heat treatment areavailable, then one tension test from each heat is required6Available from American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L. St., NW, Wash-ington, DC 20005-4070, http:/www.api.org.7For definition of Class 300, see ASME B16.5.8For definition of special class, see A

30、SME B16.34.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsNOTEFor each reduction of 0.01 % below the specified carbonmaximum (0.35 %), an increase of 0.06 % manganese above the specifiedmaximum (1.05 %) will be permitted up to a maximum of 1.35 %.Element Composition, %Carbon 0.35 maxManganese 0.601.05Phosphorus 0.035

31、 maxSulfur 0.040 maxSilicon 0.100.35Copper 0.40 maxANickel 0.40 maxAChromium 0.30 maxA,BMolybdenum 0.12 maxA,BVanadium 0.08 maxAThe sum of copper, nickel, chromium, molybdenum and vanadium shall notexceed 1.00 %.BThe sum of chromium and molybdenum shall not exceed 0.32 %.TABLE 2 Mechanical Requireme

32、ntsATensile strength, min, psi MPa 70 000 485Yield strength, min, psi MPaB36 000 250Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, min, %:Basic minimum elongation for walls516 in. 7.9 mmand over in thickness, strip tests.30When standard round 2-in. or 50-mm gage length orsmaller proportionally sized specimen with th

33、e gagelength equal to 4D is used22For strip tests, a deduction for each132-in. 0.8-mmdecrease in wall thickness below516 in. 7.9 mmfrom the basic minimum elongationof the percentage points of Table 31.50CReduction of area, min, %D30Hardness, HB, max 187AFor small forgings, see 7.3.4.BDetermined by e

34、ither the 0.2 % offset method or the 0.5 % extension-under-load method.CSee Table 3 for computed minimum values.DFor round specimens only.A 105/A 105M 092instead of one test from each heat in each heat-treatmentcharge. The test specimen material shall be included with afurnace charge.7.3.3 Testing s

35、hall be performed in accordance with TestMethods and Definitions A 370. The largest feasible roundspecimen as described in Test Methods and Definitions A 370shall be used except when hollow cylindrically shaped parts aremachined from seamless tubulars. The gage length for mea-suring elongation shall

36、 be four times the diameter of the testsection. When hollow cylindrically shaped parts are machinedfrom seamless tubular materials, strip tests may be used.7.3.4 Forgings too small to permit obtaining a subsizespecimen of 0.250 in. 6.35 mm diameter or larger (see TestMethods and Definitions A 370) p

37、arallel to the dimension ofmaximum working, and produced in equipment unsuitable forthe production of a separately forged test bar such as anautomatic or semi-automatic press, may be accepted on thebasis of hardness only. One percent of the forgings per lot (seeNote 2), or ten forgings, whichever is

38、 the lesser number, shallbe selected at random, prepared, and tested using the standardBrinell test in Test Methods and Definitions A 370. Thelocations of the indentations shall be at the option of themanufacturer but shall be selected to be representative of theforging as a whole. One indentation p

39、er forging shall berequired but additional indentations may be made to establishthe representative hardness. The hardness of all forgings sotested shall be 137 to 187 HB inclusive.NOTE 2A lot is defined as the product from a mill heat or if heattreated, the product of a mill heat per furnace charge.

40、7.4 Hardness Tests:7.4.1 Two hardness tests shall be made for each heat ofas-forged components. When more than one forging is pro-duced from each heat, a minimum of two forgings shall betested with one reading from each forging. When only oneforging is produced, it shall be tested in two locations.7

41、.4.2 Except when only one forging is produced, a mini-mum of two forgings shall be hardness tested per batch orcontinuous run as defined in 7.3.2.1 to ensure that forgings arewithin the hardness limits given in Table 2. When only oneforging is produced, it shall be hardness tested in two locationsto

42、 ensure it is within the hardness limits given in Table 2.7.4.3 Testing shall be in accordance with Test Methods andDefinitions A 370. The purchaser may verify that the require-ment has been met by testing at any location on the forging,provided such testing does not render the forging useless.8. Hy

43、drostatic Tests8.1 Such tests shall be conducted by the forging manufac-turer only when Supplementary Requirement S57 in Specifi-cation A 961/A 961M is specified.9. Retreatment9.1 If the results of the mechanical tests do not conform tothe requirement specified, the manufacturer may heat treat orreh

44、eat treat the forgings as applicable and repeat the testspecified in Section 7.10. Repair by Welding10.1 Repair of defects by the manufacturer is permissiblefor forgings made to dimensional standards such as those ofASME or for other parts made for stock by the manufacturer.Prior approval of the pur

45、chaser is required to repair-weldspecial forgings made to the purchasers requirements.10.2 Weld repairs shall be made by a process that does notproduce undesirably high levels of hydrogen in the weldedareas.10.3 All forgings repaired by welding shall be post-weldheat treated between 1100 F 593 C and

46、 the lower transfor-mation temperature for a minimum of12 h/in. 12 h/25.4 mmof maximum section thickness, or alternatively annealed,normalized and tempered, or quenched and tempered. If theforging was not previously heat treated, the original temperingtemperature was exceeded, or the forging was ful

47、ly heat treatedin the post weld cycle, then the forging shall be tested inaccordance with Section 7 on completion of the cycle.10.4 The mechanical properties of the procedure-qualification weldment shall, when tested in accordance withSection IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code,conform wi

48、th the requirements listed in Table 2 for the thermalcondition of repair-welded forgings.11. Rejection and Rehearing11.1 Each forging that develops injurious defects duringshop working or application shall be rejected and the manu-facturer notified.12. Certification12.1 Identification MarkingFor for

49、gings made to speci-fied dimensions, when agreed upon by the purchaser, and forforgings made to dimensional standards, application of identi-fication marks as required in SpecificationA 961/A 961M shallbe the certification that the forgings have been furnished inaccordance with the requirements of this specification. Thespecification designation included on test reports shall includeyear date and revision letter, if any.TABLE 3 Computed Minimum ValuesWall ThicknessElongation in 2 in. or 50mm, min, %in. mm516 (0.312) 7.9 30.00932 (0