ASTM A106 A106M-2006a Standard Specification for Seamless Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service.pdf

1、Designation: A 106/A 106M 06aUsed in USDOE-NE standardsStandard Specification forSeamless Carbon Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service1This standard is issued under the fixed designationA 106/A 106M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the

2、 case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This

3、 specification2covers seamless carbon steel pipe forhigh-temperature service (Note 1)inNPS18 to NPS 48 DN 6to DN 1200 (Note 2) inclusive, with nominal (average) wallthickness as given in ASME B 36.10M. It shall be permissibleto furnish pipe having other dimensions provided such pipecomplies with all

4、 other requirements of this specification. Pipeordered under this specification shall be suitable for bending,flanging, and similar forming operations, and for welding.When the steel is to be welded, it is presupposed that a weldingprocedure suitable to the grade of steel and intended use orservice

5、will be utilized.NOTE 1It is suggested, consideration be given to possible graphitiza-tion.NOTE 2The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) DN(diameter nominal) has been substituted in this standard for suchtraditional terms as “nominal diameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”1.2 Supplementa

6、ry requirements of an optional nature areprovided for seamless pipe intended for use in applicationswhere a superior grade of pipe is required. These supplemen-tary requirements call for additional tests to be made and whendesired shall be so stated in the order.1.3 The values stated in either SI un

7、its or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents. Therefore, eachsystem is to be used independently of the other.1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Sections 11, 12, and 13 of th

8、is specifica-tion: This standard does not purport to address all of the safetyconcerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety andhealth practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. R

9、eferenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A 530/A 530M Specification for General Requirements forSpecialized Carbon and Alloy Steel PipeE 213 Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Metal Pipeand TubingE 309 Practice for Eddy-Current Examination of Steel Tu-bular Products Using Magnetic SaturationE 381

10、Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets,Blooms, and ForgingsE 570 Practice for Flux Leakage Examination of Ferromag-netic Steel Tubular Products2.2 ASME Standard:ASME B 36.10M Welded and Seamless Wrought SteelPipe42.3 Military Standards:MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage5MIL-STD-16

11、3 Steel Mill Products, Preparation for Ship-ment and Storage52.4 Federal Standard:Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipments (Civil Agencies)5Fed. Std. No. 183 Continuous Identification Marking of Ironand Steel Products52.5 Other Standards:SSPC-SP 6 Surface Preparation Specification No. 663. Ordering I

12、nformation3.1 The inclusion of the following, as required will describethe desired material adequately, when ordered under thisspecification:3.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),1This specification is under the jurisdiction of Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys

13、and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.09 on Carbon Steel Tubular Products.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2006. Published October 2006. Originallyapproved in 1926. Last previous edition in 2006 as A 106/A 106M 06.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Speci

14、fi-cations SA-106 in Section II of that Code.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from

15、American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990.5Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098.6Available from Steel Structures Painting Council (

16、SSPC), 40 24th St., 6thFloor, Pittsburgh, PA 15222-4656.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.2 Name of material (seamless carbon steel pipe),3.1.3 Grade

17、 (Table 1),3.1.4 Manufacture (hot-finished or cold-drawn),3.1.5 Size (NPS DN and weight class or schedule number,or both; outside diameter and nominal wall thickness; or insidediameter and nominal wall thickness),3.1.6 Special outside diameter tolerance pipe (16.2.2),3.1.7 Inside diameter tolerance

18、pipe, over 10 in. 250 mmID (16.2.3),3.1.8 Length (specific or random, Section 17),3.1.9 Optional requirements (Section 9 and S1 to S8),3.1.10 Test report required (Section on Certification ofSpecification A 530/A 530M),3.1.11 Specification designation (A 106 or A 106M, includ-ing year-date),3.1.12 E

19、nd use of material,3.1.13 Hydrostatic test in accordance with SpecificationA 530/A 530M or 13.3 of this specification, or NDE inaccordance with Section 14 of this specification.3.1.14 Special requirements.4. Process4.1 The steel shall be killed steel, with the primary meltingprocess being open-heart

20、h, basic-oxygen, or electric-furnace,possibly combined with separate degassing or refining. Ifsecondary melting, using electroslag remelting or vacuum-arcremelting is subsequently employed, the heat shall be definedas all of the ingots remelted from a single primary heat.4.2 Steel cast in ingots or

21、strand cast is permissible. Whensteels of different grades are sequentially strand cast, identifi-cation of the resultant transition material is required. Theproducer shall remove the transition material by any estab-lished procedure that positively separates the grades.4.3 For pipe NPS 112 DN 40 an

22、d under, it shall bepermissible to furnish hot finished or cold drawn.4.4 Unless otherwise specified, pipe NPS 2 DN 50 andover shall be furnished hot finished. When agreed uponbetween the manufacturer and the purchaser, it is permissibleto furnish cold-drawn pipe.5. Heat Treatment5.1 Hot-finished pi

23、pe need not be heat treated. Cold-drawnpipe shall be heat treated after the final cold draw pass at atemperature of 1200 F (650 C) or higher.6. General Requirements6.1 Material furnished to this specification shall conform tothe applicable requirements of the current edition of Specifi-cation A 530/

24、A 530M unless otherwise provided herein.7. Chemical Composition7.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements as tochemical composition prescribed in Table 1.8. Heat Analysis8.1 An analysis of each heat of steel shall be made by thesteel manufacturer to determine the percentages of the ele-ments sp

25、ecified in Section 7. If the secondary melting pro-cesses of 5.1 are employed, the heat analysis shall be obtainedfrom one remelted ingot or the product of one remelted ingotof each primary melt. The chemical composition thus deter-mined, or that determined from a product analysis made by themanufac

26、turer, if the latter has not manufactured the steel, shallbe reported to the purchaser or the purchasers representative,and shall conform to the requirements specified in Section 7.9. Product Analysis9.1 At the request of the purchaser, analyses of two pipesfrom each lot (see 20.1) shall be made by

27、the manufacturerfrom the finished pipe. The results of these analyses shall bereported to the purchaser or the purchasers representative andshall conform to the requirements specified in Section 7.9.2 If the analysis of one of the tests specified in 9.1 doesnot conform to the requirements specified

28、in Section 7,analyses shall be made on additional pipes of double theoriginal number from the same lot, each of which shallconform to requirements specified.10. Tensile Requirements10.1 The material shall conform to the requirements as totensile properties given in Table 2.11. Bending Requirements11

29、.1 For pipe NPS 2 DN 50 and under, a sufficient lengthof pipe shall stand being bent cold through 90 around acylindrical mandrel, the diameter of which is twelve times theoutside diameter (as shown in ASME B 36.10M) of the pipe,without developing cracks. When ordered for close coiling, thepipe shall

30、 stand being bent cold through 180 around acylindrical mandrel, the diameter of which is eight times theoutside diameter (as shown in ASME B 36.10M) of the pipe,without failure.11.2 For pipe whose diameter exceeds 25 in. 635 mm andwhose diameter to wall thickness ratio, where the diameter towall thi

31、ckness ratio is the specified outside diameter divided bythe nominal wall thickness, is 7.0 or less, the bend test shall beconducted. The bend test specimens shall be bent at roomtemperature through 180 with the inside diameter of the bendbeing 1in. 25 mm without cracking on the outside portion ofth

32、e bent portion.Example: For 28 in. 711 mm diameter 5.000 in. 127 mmthick pipe the diameter to wall thickness ratio = 28/5 = 5.6711/127 = 5.6.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsComposition, %Grade A Grade B Grade CCarbon, maxA0.25 0.30 0.35Manganese 0.270.93 0.291.06 0.291.06Phosphorus, max 0.035 0.035 0.0

33、35Sulfur, max 0.035 0.035 0.035Silicon, min 0.10 0.10 0.10Chrome, maxB0.40 0.40 0.40Copper, maxB0.40 0.40 0.40Molybdenum, maxB0.15 0.15 0.15Nickel, maxB0.40 0.40 0.40Vanadium, maxB0.08 0.08 0.08AFor each reduction of 0.01 % below the specified carbon maximum, anincrease of 0.06 % manganese above the

34、 specified maximum will be permitted upto a maximum of 1.35 %.BThese five elements combined shall not exceed 1 %.A 106/A 106M 06a212. Flattening Tests12.1 Although testing is not required, pipe shall be capableof meeting the flattening test requirements of SupplementaryRequirement S3, if tested.13.

35、Hydrostatic Test13.1 Except as allowed by 13.2, 13.3, and 13.4, each lengthof pipe shall be subjected to the hydrostatic test withoutleakage through the pipe wall.13.2 As an alternative to the hydrostatic test at the option ofthe manufacturer or where specified in the purchase order, itshall be perm

36、issible for the full body of each pipe to be testedwith a nondestructive electric test described in Section 14.13.3 Where specified in the purchase order, it shall bepermissible for pipe to be furnished without the hydrostatic testand without the nondestructive electric test in Section 14;inthis cas

37、e, each length so furnished shall include the mandatorymarking of the letters “NH.” It shall be permissible for pipemeeting the requirements of 13.1 or 13.2 to be furnished wherepipe without either the hydrostatic or nondestructive electrictest has been specified in the purchase order; in this case,

38、 suchpipe need not be marked with the letters “NH.” Pipe that hasfailed either the hydrostatic test of 13.1 or the nondestructiveelectric test of 13.2 shall not be furnished as “NH” pipe.13.4 Where the hydrostatic test and the nondestructiveelectric test are omitted and the lengths marked with the l

39、etters“NH,” the certification, where required, shall clearly state “NotHydrostatically Tested,” and the letters “NH” shall be ap-pended to the product specification number and material gradeshown on the certification.14. Nondestructive Electric Test14.1 As an alternative to the hydrostatic test at t

40、he option ofthe manufacturer or where specified in the purchase order as analternative or addition to the hydrostatic test, the full body ofeach pipe shall be tested with a nondestructive electric test inaccordance with Practice E 213, E 309,orE 570. In such cases,the marking of each length of pipe

41、so furnished shall includethe letters “NDE.” It is the intent of this nondestructive electrictest to reject pipe with imperfections that produce test signalsequal to or greater than that produced by the applicablecalibration standard.14.2 Where the nondestructive electric test is performed, thelengt

42、hs shall be marked with the letters “NDE.” The certifica-tion, where required, shall state “Nondestructive ElectricTested” and shall indicate which of the tests was applied. Also,the letters “NDE” shall be appended to the product specifica-tion number and material grade shown on the certification.14

43、.3 The following information is for the benefit of the userof this specification:14.3.1 The reference standards defined in 14.4 through 14.6are convenient standards for calibration of nondestructivetesting equipment. The dimensions of such standards are not tobe construed as the minimum sizes of imp

44、erfections detectableby such equipment.14.3.2 The ultrasonic testing referred to in this specificationis capable of detecting the presence and location of significantlongitudinally or circumferentially oriented imperfections:however, different techniques need to be employed for thedetection of such

45、differently oriented imperfections. Ultrasonictesting is not necessarily capable of detecting short, deepimperfections.TABLE 2 Tensile RequirementsGrade A Grade B Grade CTensile strength, min, psi MPaYield strength, min, psi MPa48 000 33030 000 20560 000 41535 000 24070 000 48540 000 275Longitu-dina

46、lTransverse Longitu-dinalTransverse Longitu-dinalTransverseElongation in 2 in. 50 mm, min, %:Basic minimum elongation transverse strip tests, and for all smallsizes tested in full section35 25 30 16.5 30 16.5When standard round 2-in. 50-mm gage length test specimen isused28 20 22 12 20 12For longitu

47、dinal strip testsAA AFor transverse strip tests, a deduction for each132-in. 0.8-mmdecrease in wall thickness below516 in. 7.9 mm from the basicminimum elongation of the following percentage shall be made1.25 1.00 1.00AThe minimum elongation in 2 in. 50 mm shall be determined by the following equati

48、on:e 5 625 000A0.2/U0.9for SI units, ande 5 1 940A0.2/U0.9for inch-pound units,where:e = minimum elongation in 2 in. 50 mm, %, rounded to the nearest 0.5 %,A = cross-sectional area of the tension test specimen, in.2mm2, based upon specified outside diameter or nominal specimen width and specified wa

49、ll thickness,rounded to the nearest 0.01 in.21 mm2. (If the area thus calculated is equal to or greater than 0.75 in.2500 mm2, then the value 0.75 in.2500 mm2 shallbe used.), andU = specified tensile strength, psi MPa.A 106/A 106M 06a314.3.3 The eddy current examination referenced in thisspecification has the capability of detecting significant imper-fections, especially of the short abrupt type.14.3.4 The flux leakage examination referred to in thisspecification is capable of detecting the presence and l