ASTM A108-2007 Standard Specification for Steel Bar Carbon and Alloy Cold-Finished《冷加工碳素钢和合金钢棒材的标准规范》.pdf

1、Designation: A 108 07Standard Specification forSteel Bar, Carbon and Alloy, Cold-Finished1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 108; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A numbe

2、r in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers cold-finished carbon and alloys

3、teel bars produced in straight length and coil to chemicalcompositions. Cold-finished bars are suitable for heat treat-ment, for machining into components, or for use in theas-finished condition as shafting, or in constructional applica-tions, or for other similar purposes (Note 1). Grades of steel

4、areidentified by grade numbers or by chemical composition.NOTE 1A guide for the selection of steel bars is contained in PracticeA 400.1.2 Some end uses may require one or more of the availabledesignations shown under Supplementary Requirements.Supplementary requirements shall apply only when specifi

5、edindividually by the purchaser.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are forinformation only.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 29/A 29M Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon andAlloy,Hot-Wrought, General Requirements f

6、orA 304 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Bars Sub-ject to End-Quench Hardenability RequirementsA 322 Specification for Steel Bars, Alloy, Standard GradesA 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA 400 Practice for Steel Bars, Selection Guide, Composi-tion, and

7、 Mechanical PropertiesA 510 Specification for General Requirements for WireRods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon SteelA 576 Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought,Special Quality2.2 Other Documents:SAE Handbook and SAE J1086 Recommended Practice forNumbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)3ISS Steel

8、 Bar Product Guidelines43. Terminology3.1 Definition:3.1.1 product tolerance levelscold-finished steel bar isproduced with up to four (4) increasingly tight tolerance levels,for the individual product characteristics, dependent on themethod of manufacture necessary to meet purchaser-orderedspecifica

9、tion requirements. (Product Tolerance Level 1 isselected, unless otherwise specified by purchaser.)4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for cold-finished steel bar to this specificationshould include the following items to adequately describe thematerial:4.1.1 Name of material,4.1.2 ASTM specification

10、number and date of issue,4.1.3 Chemical composition, grade designation or limits,4.1.4 Silicon level, if required,4.1.5 Additional machinability-enhancing elements (seeFootnote F to Table 1 of Specification A 29/A 29M),4.1.6 Condition (Surface Roughness tolerances listed inTable A1.7),4.1.7 Toleranc

11、e Levels (Reference tolerances listed in TableA1.1 through Table A1.9),4.1.8 Shape (round, hexagon, square, flat, etc.), size, andlength,4.1.9 Report of heat analysis, if required,4.1.10 End use,4.1.11 Additions to the specification and special or supple-mentary requirements, if required, and4.1.12

12、For coiled product, the coil weights, inside diameter,outside diameter, and coil height limitations, when required.NOTE 2A typical ordering description is as follows: Steel Bar; ASTMA 108, dated _; SAE 1117; Coarse Grain; Cold Drawn; 1.500-in.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Com

13、mittee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.15 on Bars.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2007. Published September 2007. Originallyapproved in 1926. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as A 108 03e1.2For referenced ASTM standards, vis

14、it the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 CommonwealthDr., Warrendale, PA 15096

15、-0001.4Available from ISS Customer Service, 410 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale,PA, 15086.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.(38.10 mm) diameter round; 12

16、ft (3657.61 mm) long; Heat AnalysisRequired; Precision Machined Parts.NOTE 3Amore complex ordering description is as follows: Steel Bar;ASTM A 108, dated _; SAE 1045; Fine Grain; Cold Drawn, Turned,Ground and Polished; chamfer both ends; Mechanical Property TestResults; Hardness test; 2.000-in. (50.

17、80 mm) diameter round; 12 ft(3657.61 mm) long; Heat Analysis Required; Precision Machined Parts.Product codes allow you to abbreviate, yet identify a complex orderingdescription in the following simplified description: Steel Bar: ASTMA 108, dated _; SAE 1045; Fine Grain; 2.000-in. (50.80 mm) diamete

18、rround; 12 ft (3657.61 mm) long; Heat Analysis Required; PrecisionMachined Parts.5. General Requirements5.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-form to the applicable requirements of the current edition ofSpecification A 29/A 29M.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 FeedstockCold-finish

19、ed steel bar shall be producedfrom hot-wrought carbon or alloy steel bar (SpecificationA 29/A 29M), or from hot-wrought rod designated for cold-finished bar (Specification A 510).6.2 ConditionThe product shall be furnished in one of thefollowing conditions as specified by the purchaser.6.2.1 Rounds:

20、6.2.1.1 Cold drawn,6.2.1.2 Cold drawn, turned, and polished,6.2.1.3 Cold drawn, ground, and polished,6.2.1.4 Cold drawn, turned, ground, and polished,6.2.1.5 Cold drawn, turned, and ground,6.2.1.6 Hot wrought, turned, and polished,6.2.1.7 Hot wrought, turned, ground and polished,6.2.1.8 Hot wrought,

21、 turned, and ground, and6.2.1.9 Hot wrought, rough turned.6.2.2 Squares, Hexagons:6.2.2.1 Cold drawn, and6.2.2.2 Cold rolled.6.2.3 Flats:6.2.3.1 Cold drawn, and6.2.3.2 Cold rolled.6.2.4 Special Bar Sections:6.2.4.1 Cold drawn, and6.2.4.2 Cold rolled.6.3 Heat Treatment:6.3.1 Unless otherwise specifie

22、d, the bars shall be furnishedas cold-finished. Plain Carbon Steels with a maximum carbonover 0.55 % and Alloy Steels with a maximum carbon over0.38 % shall be annealed prior to cold finishing.6.3.2 The following heat-treatment processes may be per-formed singularly or in combination:6.3.2.1 Anneale

23、d,6.3.2.2 Normalized,6.3.2.3 Stress relieved, and6.3.2.4 Quenched and tempered.7. Chemical Composition7.1 Chemical Composition:7.1.1 The chemical analysis of the steel shall conform tothat specified in Specification A 29/A 29M for the steel gradeordered, or to such other limits as may be specified u

24、sing thestandard ranges in Specification A 29/A 29M.7.1.2 Steels may be selected from: Specifications A 29/A 29M, A 304, A 322, A 510, and A 576; the SAE Handbook;or the ISS Steel Bar Product Guideline for Bar Steel.7.1.3 When a steels composition cannot be identified by astandard grade number in ac

25、cordance with 7.1.1 and 7.1.2, thelimits for each required element may be specified using thechemical ranges shown in the table (Heat Analysis ChemicalRanges and Limits of Carbon Steel Bars) of SpecificationA 29/A 29M.8. Tolerance Levels8.1 Cold-Finished BarsThe permissible dimensionalvariations for

26、 cold-finished carbon and alloy steel bar shall notexceed the applicable tolerance levels or limits stated in AnnexA1 for inch-pound values.9. Workmanship, Finish, and Product Presentation9.1 Workmanship:9.1.1 Within the limits of good manufacturing and inspec-tion practices, the bars shall be free

27、of injurious imperfectionswhich, due to their nature, degree, or extent, will interfere withthe use of the material in machining or fabrication of suitableparts.9.1.2 TableA1.8 contains the recommended minimum stockremoval to ensure removal of surface discontinuities in coldfinished bars.9.2 Finish:

28、9.2.1 Unless otherwise specified, the bars shall have acommercial bright smooth surface finish, obtained by conven-tional cold-finishing operations such as cold drawing or coldrolling.9.2.2 When a superior bar surface finish is required, barsmay be obtained as: turned and polished, ground and polish

29、ed,or turned, ground, and polished. (Reference Table A1.7)9.2.3 Bars that are thermally treated after cold finishing mayexhibit a discolored or oxidized surface.9.3 Product Presentation:9.3.1 The bars shall be given a surface coating of oil or otherrust inhibitor to protect against corrosion during

30、shipment.9.3.2 The bar bundles shall be identified, packaged andloaded to preserve the physical appearance, product toleranceand identity of the cold-finished product, as agreed uponbetween the purchaser and supplier.10. Certification10.1 Upon request of the purchaser in the contract or order,a manu

31、facturers certification that the material was manufac-tured and tested in accordance with this specification togetherwith a report of the test results shall be furnished at the time ofshipment.11. Keywords11.1 alloy steel; carbon steel; cold-finished; steel barA108072SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSOne or

32、 more of the following supplementary requirements shall be applied only when specified bythe purchaser in the inquiry, contract, or order. Details of these supplementary requirements shall beagreed upon in writing, by the manufacturer and the purchaser. Supplementary requirements shall inno way nega

33、te any requirement of the specification itself.S1. Hot Rolling Reduction RatioS1.1 When required, purchaser may require the supplier toreport the reduction ratio of the initial Bloom/Billet crosssectional area to finished hot rolled cross sectional area.S2. Steel Melting ProcessS2.1 When required, p

34、urchaser may require the supplier toreport the steel melting process (Basic Oxygen Furnace,Electric Arc Furnace, etc.) for each initial heat/lot numbersupplied to the purchaser.S3. Steel Refinement ProcessS3.1 When required, purchaser may require the supplier toreport the steel refinement processes

35、performed after meltingand before casting (Vacuumed Degassed, etc.) on the heat/lotnumber supplied to the purchaser.S4. Continuous Casting ProcessS4.1 When required, purchaser may require the supplier toreport the casting process (Bloom, Billet, etc.) for each heat/lotnumber supplied to the purchase

36、r.S5. Country or Countries of OriginS5.1 When required, purchaser may require the supplier toreport the country of origin where the steel was melted for eachheat/lot number supplied to the purchaser.S5.2 When required, purchaser may require the supplier toreport the country of origin where the steel

37、 was hot rolled foreach heat/lot number supplied to the purchaser.S5.3 When required, purchaser may require the supplier toreport the country of origin where the steel was cold finishedfor each heat/lot number supplied to the purchaser.S6. Mechanical PropertiesS6.1 When required, purchaser may requi

38、re the supplier toreport the cold-finished steel bar mechanical properties foreach heat/lot number supplied to the purchaser. Mechanicalproperties shall be evaluated in accordance with Test Methodsand Definitions in Test Methods A 370.S7. Surface InspectionS7.1 When required, purchaser may require t

39、he supplier toinspect the cold finish steel bar surface within an electromag-netic surface inspection process to detect and sort surfacediscontinuities that exceed the maximum allowed depth toler-ances listed in Table A1.8 or other tolerances agreed uponbetween the purchaser and supplier.S8. Bar Mar

40、kingS8.1 When required, bar marking specification require-ments shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and supplier.A108073ANNEX(Mandatory Information)A1. PERMISSIBLE VARIATIONS IN QUALITY CHARACTERISTICSINCH-POUND AND METRIC UNITSTABLE A1.1 Size Tolerances for Level One Cold-Finished Carbon Ste

41、el Bars, Cold Drawn or Turned and PolishedSize, in. (mm)AMaximum of Carbon Range0.28 % or lessMaximum of Carbon Rangeover 0.28 % to 0.55 % inclMaximum of Carbon Rangeto 0.55 % incl,Stress Relieved or Annealedafter Cold FinishingMaximum of Carbon Rangeover 0.55 % or All GradesQuenched and Tempered or

42、Normalized and Temperedbefore Cold FinishingAll tolerances are in inches (mm) and are minusBRoundsCold DrawnCto 6 in.(152.4 mm) or Turned and PolishedTo 112 (38.1) incl, in coils, or cut lengths 0.002 (.051) 0.003 (.076) 0.004 (.102) 0.005 (.127)Over 112 (38.10) to 212 (63.50) incl 0.003 (.076) 0.00

43、4 (.102) 0.005 (.127) 0.006 (.152)Over 212 (63.50) to 4 (101.60) incl 0.004 (.102) 0.005 (.127) 0.006 (.152) 0.007 (.178)Over 4 (101.60) to 6 (152.40) incl 0.005 (.127) 0.006 (.152) 0.007 (.178) 0.008 (.203)Over 6 (152.40) to 8 (203.20) incl 0.006 (.152) 0.007 (.178) 0.008 (.203) 0.009 (.229)Over 8

44、(203.20) to 9 (228.60) incl 0.007 (.178) 0.008 (.203) 0.009 (.229) 0.010 (.254)HexagonsTo34 (19.05) incl 0.002 (.051) 0.003 (.076) 0.004 (.102) 0.006 (.152)Over34 (19.05) to 112 (38.10) incl 0.003 (.076) 0.004 (.102) 0.005 (.127) 0.007 (.178)Over 112 (38.10) to 212 (63.50) incl 0.004 (.102) 0.005 (.

45、127) 0.006 (.152) 0.008 (.203)Over 212 (63.50) to 318 (79.38) incl 0.005 (.127) 0.006 (.152) 0.007 (.178) 0.009 (.229)Over 318 (79.38) to 4 (101.60) incl 0.005 (.127) 0.006 (.152) . . . . . .SquaresTo34 (19.05) incl 0.002 (.051) 0.004 (.102) 0.005 (.127) 0.007 (.178)Over34 (19.05) to 112 (38.10) inc

46、l 0.003 (.076) 0.005 (.127) 0.006 (.152) 0.008 (.203)Over 112 (38.10) to 212 (63.50) incl 0.004 (.102) 0.006 (.152) 0.007 (.178) 0.009 (.229)Over 212 (63.50) to 4 (101.60) incl 0.006 (.152) 0.008 (.203) 0.009 (.229) 0.011 (.279)Over 4 (101.60) to 5 (127.00) incl 0.010 (.254) . . . . . . . . .Over 5

47、(127.00) to 6 (152.4) incl 0.014 (.356) . . . . . . . . .FlatsDWidth:To34 (19.05) incl 0.003 (.076) 0.004 (.102) 0.006 (.152) 0.008 (.203)Over34 (19.05) to 112 (38.10) incl 0.004 (.102) 0.005 (.127) 0.008 (.203) 0.010 (.254)Over 112 (38.10) to 3 (76.2) incl 0.005 (.127) 0.006 (.152) 0.010 (.254) 0.0

48、12 (.305)Over 3 (76.2) to 4 (101.60) incl 0.006 (.152) 0.008 (.203) 0.011 (.279) 0.016 (.410)Over 4 (101.60) to 6 (152.40) incl 0.008 (.203) 0.010 (.254) 0.012 (.305) 0.020 (.508)Over 6 (152.40) 0.013 (.330) 0.015 (.381) . . . . . .AStandard manufacturing practice is shear cut for cold drawn bars (s

49、ize limits vary by producer) which can cause end distortion resulting in those portions of the barbeing outside the applicable size tolerance. When this end condition is undesirable, a saw cut end to remove end distortion should be considered.BWhile size tolerances are usually specified as minus, tolerances may be ordered all plus, or distributed plus and minus, with the sum being equivalent to the toleranceslisted.CMaximum allowable deviation in roundness around the circumference of the same cross-section of a round cold drawn bar is12 the