ASTM A289 A289M-1997(2018) Standard Specification for Alloy Steel Forgings for Nonmagnetic Retaining Rings for Generators《发电机用非磁性挡圈合金钢锻件标准规范》.pdf

1、Designation: A289/A289M 97 (Reapproved 2018)Standard Specification forAlloy Steel Forgings for Nonmagnetic Retaining Rings forGenerators1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A289/A289M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the

2、case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers nonmagnetic alloy steel retain-ing ring forgings for generator

3、s.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewit

4、h the standard.1.3 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specifica-tion designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-pound units.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision

5、 on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A342/A342M Test Methods for Permeability of WeaklyMagnetic MaterialsA370 Test Methods

6、 and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA531/A531M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination ofTurbine-Generator Steel Retaining RingsA788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Re-quirementsE45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content ofSteelE112 Test Methods for Determ

7、ining Average Grain SizeE165/E165M Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination forGeneral Industry3. Ordering Information and General Requirements3.1 Material supplied to this specification shall conform tothe requirements of Specification A788/A788M, which out-lines ordering information, manufacturin

8、g requirements, test-ing methods and retesting procedures, marking, certification,product analysis variation, and additional supplementary re-quirements.3.2 If the requirements of this specification are in conflictwith the requirements of Specification A788/A788M, therequirements of this specificati

9、on shall prevail.3.3 Supplementary requirements of an optional nature areprovided. They shall apply only when specified by the pur-chaser.4. Manufacture4.1 The steel shall be made by the electro-slag-remelt (ESR)process. The electrodes shall be made by either the basicelectric furnace or ladle refin

10、ing processes.4.2 Sufficient discard shall be taken from each ingot tosecure freedom from piping and undue segregation.4.3 Forged rings shall be solution treated following hotworking and prior to the cold expansion procedure.4.4 Rings shall be rough machined prior to cold expansionor final heat trea

11、tment.4.5 Rings shall be expanded by an appropriate method suchas segmented dies, tapered plug, etc. in the temperature rangeof 60 to 390 F 15 to 200 C in order to develop the requiredtensile properties.4.6 After cold expansion, the rings shall be heated tobetween 575 and 750 F 300 to 400 C at a rat

12、e not to exceed75 F 40 Ch, held at this temperature for 6 to 12 h, and thenslow cooled to ambient temperature.5. Chemical Requirements5.1 Heat AnalysisThe heat analysis obtained from sam-pling in accordance with Specification A788/A788M shallcomply with Table 1 of this specification.1This specificat

13、ion is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.06 on Steel Forgings and Billets.Current edition approved March 1, 2018. Published March 2018. Originallyapproved in 1946. Last previous edition approve

14、d in 2013 as A289/A289M 97(2013). DOI: 10.1520/A0289_A0289M-97R18.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM web

15、site.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of

16、International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.15.2 Product AnalysisWhen a product analysis is per-formed at the request of the purchaser, the provisions of Table1 of Specification A788/A788M shall apply. The ana

17、lysis shallbe made from a forging representing each heat.NOTE 1The material shown in Table 1 of A289/A289M was formerlyknown as Class C.6. Mechanical Properties6.1 The rings shall conform to the tensile properties for theordered grade listed in Table 2. The largest obtainable tensiontest specimen as

18、 specified in Test Methods and DefinitionsA370 shall be used.6.2 Unless Supplementary Requirement S2 is invoked, ten-sion tests shall be performed in the temperature range of 68 to80 F 20 to 27 C. The yield strength at 0.2 % offset shall notexceed the tensile strength.6.3 Rings shall conform to the

19、Charpy V-notch requirementsof Table 2 corresponding to the ordered strength grade whentested in the temperature range specified in 6.2.7. Electrical Properties7.1 The permeability of the forgings at a magnetizing forceof 100 oersteds shall not exceed 1.5. Test bars and testing shallbe in accordance

20、with Test Methods A342/A342M.8. Number and Location of Tests8.1 The number of tension tests shall be as ordered by thepurchaser, but in no case shall there be less than one tensiontest for each ring.8.2 Tangentially oriented tension test samples shall belocated at the midwall location of an integral

21、 prolongationforged at one or both ends of the ring, as shown in Fig. 1. Thespecimens shall be removed after cold working and subsequentstress relief.8.3 A minimum of one set of three tangentially orientedCharpy V-notch specimens shall be removed from the insidediameter location of the test prolonga

22、tion as shown in Fig. 1.The notch shall be aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis ofthe ring. The purchaser may specify the side of the specimen tobe notched and that the distance of the root of the notch fromthe inside diameter of the ring be different from that shown inFig. 1.9. Metallographic

23、Tests9.1 The inclusion content of the material shall be deter-mined in accordance with Method A of Test Methods E45utilizing a sample taken from the tension test location. Themaximum allowable rating for any inclusion type shall be 3.0.9.2 Grain size shall be determined according to Test Meth-ods E1

24、12 from a sample taken from the midwall tension testlocation in the test prolongation. The results shall be reportedfor information.9.3 A photomicrograph at a magnification of 100 shall betaken of the etched microstructure from the grain size sampleand submitted with the certification data required

25、by thespecification and Specification A788/A788M.10. Nondestructive Tests10.1 The ring shall be free from cracks, seams, laps,shrinkage, and other injurious defects.10.2 An ultrasonic examination of the machined ring shallbe made by the manufacturer in accordance with PracticeA531/A531M. The accepta

26、nce criteria shall be by agreementbetween manufacturer and purchaser.10.3 A liquid penetrant examination of the finished ringshall be made by the manufacturer in accordance with PracticeE165/E165M. The acceptance criteria shall be agreed tobetween the manufacturer and the purchaser.TABLE 1 Chemical

27、RequirementsComposition, weight %Carbon 0.10 maxManganese 17.520.0Phosphorus 0.060 maxSulfur 0.015 maxSilicon 0.80 maxNickel 2.00 maxChromium 17.520.0Nitrogen 0.45-0.80Titanium 0.10 maxAluminum 0.04 maxVanadium 0.25 maxTABLE 2 Room Temperature Mechanical Property RequirementsGradeTensileStrength,min

28、, ksiMPa0.2 % OffsetYieldStrength,min, psiMPaElongationin 2 in. or50 mm,min, %Reductionof Area,min, %CharpyV-NotchEnergy,min. ft/lb J1 145 1000 135 930 28 60 70 952 155 1070 145 1000 25 55 65 883 165 1140 160 1105 20 50 60 814 170 1170 165 1140 19 48 58 795 175 1205 170 1170 17 45 55 756 185 1275 18

29、0 1240 14 40 50 687 195 1345 190 1310 12 35 40 548 200 1380 195 1345 10 30 35 47 FIG. 1 Outside Diameter and Inside Diameter as Required byDrawingA289/A289M 97 (2018)211. Keywords11.1 alloy steel; cold worked; generator retaining rings;nonmagnetic; steel forgingsSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSOne or more

30、 of the following supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified by thepurchaser in the inquiry and order. Details of these supplementary requirements shall be agreed uponbetween the manufacturer and the purchaser.S1. Charpy V-Notch Impact TestsS1.1 Requirements for energy absorption at

31、room tempera-ture as determined on Charpy impact specimens shall bespecified by the purchaser.S2. Alternative Elevated Temperature Tensile Require-mentsS2.1 Tensile tests shall be performed at 200 to 220F 95 to105C and shall meet the requirements of Table S1.1.NOTE S1The Charpy V-Notch test temperat

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37、 MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ S1.1 Alternative Elevated Temperature TensileRequirements (200-220F)GradeTensile Strength,min, ksi MPa0.2 % OffsetYield Strength,min, psi MPaElongation,2 in. 50mm min,%Reductionof area,min,%1 120 830 110 760 25 602 125 860 120 830 23 583 135 930 135 930 19 564 140 965 140 965 17 555 145 1000 145 1000 15 546 155 1070 155 1070 13 527 165 1140 165 1140 10 518 170 1170 170 1170 10 50A289/A289M 97 (2018)3