ASTM A307-2010 Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs 60 000 PSI Tensile Strength《抗拉强度为60000 PSI的碳素钢螺栓和螺柱的标准规格》.pdf

1、Designation: A307 10Standard Specification forCarbon Steel Bolts and Studs, 60 000 PSI Tensile Strength1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A307; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revi

2、sion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification2covers the chemical and me

3、chanicalrequirements of three grades of carbon steel bolts and studs insizes14 in. through 4 in. The fasteners are designated by“Grade” denoting tensile strength and intended use, as follows:Grade DescriptionGrade A Bolts and studs having aminimum tensile strength of60 ksi and intended for gen-eral

4、applications,Grade B Bolts and studs having atensile strength of 60 to 100ksi and intended for flangedjoints in piping systems withcast iron flanges, andGrade C Replaced by SpecificationF1554 Gr.361.1.1 The term studs includes stud stock, sometimes re-ferred to as threaded rod.1.2 This specification

5、 does not cover requirements formachine screws, thread cutting/forming screws, mechanicalexpansion anchors or similar externally threaded fasteners.1.3 Suitable nuts are covered in Specification A563. Unlessotherwise specified, the grade and style of nut for each grade offastener, of all surface fin

6、ishes, shall be as follows:Fastener Grade and Size Nut Grade and StyleAA14 to 112 in. A, hexA over 112 to 4 in. A, heavy hexB,14 to 4 in. A, heavy hexANuts of other grades and styles having specified proof load stresses (Speci-fication A563, Table 3) greater than the specified grade and style of nut

7、 are alsosuitable.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard.1.5 Supplementary Requirement S1 of an optional nature isprovided, which describes additional restrictions to be appliedwhen bolts are to be welded. It shall apply only when specifiedin the inquiry, order,

8、and contract.1.6 Terms used in this specification are defined in Termi-nology F1789 unless otherwise defined herein.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A563 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel NutsA706/A706M Specification for Low-Alloy Steel Deformedand Plain Bars for Concrete Reinforcem

9、entA751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-cal Analysis of Steel ProductsB695 Specification for Coatings of Zinc Mechanically De-posited on Iron and SteelD3951 Practice for Commercial PackagingF606 Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Prop-erties of Externally and Internally T

10、hreaded Fasteners,Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and RivetsF1470 Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Me-chanical Properties and Performance InspectionF1554 Specification for Anchor Bolts, Steel, 36, 55, and105-ksi Yield StrengthF1789 Terminology for F16 Mechanical FastenersF2329 Specif

11、ication for Zinc Coating, Hot-Dip, Require-ments for Application to Carbon and Alloy Steel Bolts,Screws, Washers, Nuts, and Special Threaded Fasteners2.2 ASME Standards:B 1.1 Unified Screw Threads4B 18.2.1 Square and Hex Bolts and Screws4B 18.24 Part Identifying Number (PIN) Code System52.3 SAE Stan

12、dard:61This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 onFasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02 on Steel Bolts,Nuts, Rivets and Washers.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010. Published December 2010. Originallyapproved in 1947. Last previous edition appr

13、oved in 2007 as A307 07b. DOI:10.1520/A0307-10.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-cation SA-307 in Section II of that Code.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book

14、 of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.5Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEIn

15、ternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.6Available from SAE International (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale,PA 15096-0001, http:/www.sae.org.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr

16、Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.J429 Mechanical and Material Requirements For ExternallyThreaded Fasteners3. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for externally threaded fasteners (including nutsand accessories) under this specification shall include thefollowing

17、:3.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,3.1.2 Name of product, bolts or studs; and bolt head style,that is, hex or heavy hex,3.1.3 Grade, that is, A, or B. If no grade is specified, GradeA is furnished.3.1.4 Quantities (number of pieces by size including nuts),3.1.5 Fastener size and length,3.1.6

18、WashersQuantity and size (separate from bolts),3.1.7 Zinc CoatingSpecify the zinc-coating process re-quired, for example, hot-dip, mechanically deposited, or nopreference (see 4.5).3.1.8 Other FinishesSpecify other protective finish, ifrequired.3.1.9 Specify if inspection at point of manufacture is

19、re-quired,3.1.10 Specify if certified test report is required (see 8.2),and3.1.11 Specify additional testing (8.3) or special require-ments.3.1.12 For establishment of a part identifying system, seeASME B 18.24.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 Steel for bolts and studs shall be made by the open-heart

20、h, basic-oxygen, or electric-furnace process.4.2 Bolts shall be produced by hot or cold forging of theheads or machining from bar stock.4.3 Heat Treatment:4.3.1 Cold headed fasteners with head configurations otherthan hex having a minimum head height less than or equal to.5 D (D is nominal diameter)

21、 shall be stress relief annealed ata minimum temperature of 875F.4.3.2 Stress relieving of hex head fasteners and those withminimum head heights greater than .5 D shall be at themanufacturers option.4.4 Bolt and stud threads shall be rolled or cut.4.5 Zinc Coatings, Hot-Dip and Mechanically Deposite

22、d:4.5.1 When zinc-coated fasteners are required, the pur-chaser shall specify the zinc-coating process, for example hotdip, mechanically deposited, or no preference.4.5.2 When hot-dip is specified, the fasteners shall bezinc-coated by the hot-dip process in accordance with therequirements of Specifi

23、cation F2329.4.5.3 When mechanically deposited is specified, the fasten-ers shall be zinc-coated by the mechanical-deposition processin accordance with the requirements of Class 55 of Specifica-tion B695.4.5.4 When no preference is specified, the supplier mayfurnish either a hot-dip zinc coating in

24、accordance withSpecification F2329, or a mechanically deposited zinc coatingin accordance with Specification B695, Class 55. Threadedcomponents (bolts and nuts) shall be coated by the samezinc-coating process and the suppliers option is limited to oneprocess per item with no mixed processes in a lot

25、.5. Chemical Composition5.1 GradeAand B bolts and studs shall have a heat analysisconforming to the requirements specified in Table 1 based onthe steel producers heat analysis.5.2 The purchaser shall have the option of conductingproduct analyses on finished bolts in each lot, which shallconform to t

26、he product analysis specified in Table 1.5.3 In case of conflict or for referee purposes, the productanalysis shall take precedence.5.4 Bolts and studs are customarily furnished from stock, inwhich case individual heats of steel cannot be identified.5.5 Application of heats of steel to which bismuth

27、, sele-nium, tellurium, or lead has been intentionally added shall notbe permitted for Grade B bolts and studs.5.6 Chemical analyses shall be performed in accordancewith Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A751.6. Mechanical Properties6.1 Grades A and B bolts and studs shall conform to thehardn

28、ess specified in Table 2.6.2 GradeAand B bolts and studs 1 in. in diameter or less,other than those excepted in 6.4, shall be tested full size andshall conform to the requirements for tensile strength specifiedin Table 3.6.3 Grade A and B bolts and studs larger than 1 in. indiameter, other than thos

29、e excepted in 6.4, shall preferably betested full size and when equipment of sufficient capacity isavailable and shall conform to the requirements for tensilestrength specified in Table 3. When equipment of sufficientcapacity for full-size bolt testing is not available, or when thelength of the bolt

30、 makes full-size testing impractical, machinedspecimens shall be tested and shall conform to the require-ments specified in Table 4.6.4 GradesAand B bolts and studs less than three diametersin length or bolts with drilled or undersize heads are not subjectto tensile tests.6.5 In the event that bolts

31、 are tested by both full size and bymachine test specimen methods, the full-size test shall governif a controversy between the two methods exists.6.6 For bolts and studs on which both hardness and tensiontests are performed, acceptance based on tensile requirementsshall take precedence in the event

32、that there is controversy overlow readings of hardness tests.TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements for Grades A and B Bolts andStudsHeat Analysis Product AnalysisCarbon, max 0.29 0.33Manganese, max 1.20 1.25Phosphorus, max 0.04 0.041Sulfur, maxGrade A 0.15AGrade B 0.05 0.051AResulfurized steel is not subjec

33、t to rejection based on product analysis forsulfur.A307 1027. Dimensions7.1 Unless otherwise specified, threads shall be the CoarseThread Series as specified in the latest issue of ASME B 1.1,and shall have a Class 2A tolerance.7.2 Unless otherwise specified, Grade A bolts shall be hexbolts with dim

34、ensions as given in the latest issue of ASMEB 18.2.1. Unless otherwise specified, Grade B bolts shall beheavy hex bolts with dimensions as given in the latest issue ofASME B 18.2.1.7.3 Unless otherwise specified, bolts and studs to be usedwith nuts or tapped holes which have been tapped oversize, in

35、accordance with Specification A563, shall have Class 2Athreads before hot-dip or mechanically deposited zinc coating.After zinc coating the maximum limit of pitch and majordiameter shall not exceed the Class 2Amaximum limit by morethan the following amounts:Diameter, in. Oversize Limit, in. (mm)A14

36、0.016516 ,38 0.017716 ,12 0.018916 to34 , incl 0.02078 0.0221.0to114 , incl 0.024138 ,112 0.027134 to 4.0, incl 0.050AThese values are the same as the overtapping required for zinc-coated nuts inSpecification A563.7.4 The gaging limit for bolts and studs shall be verifiedduring manufacture or use by

37、 assembly of a nut tapped asnearly as practical to the amount oversize shown above. In caseof dispute, a calibrated thread ring gage of that same size(Class X tolerance, gage tolerance plus) shall be used. Assem-bly of the gage, or the nut described above, must be possiblewith hand effort following

38、application of light machine oil toprevent galling and damage to the gage. These inspections,when performed to resolve disputes, shall be performed at thefrequency and quality described in Table 5.8. Number of Tests and Retests8.1 The requirements of this specification shall be met incontinuous mass

39、 production for stock, and the manufacturershall make sample inspections to ensure that the productconforms to the specified requirements. Additional tests ofindividual shipments of material are not ordinarily contem-plated. Individual heats of steel are not identified in the finishedproduct.8.2 Whe

40、n specified in the order, the manufacturer shallfurnish a test report certified to be the last completed set ofmechanical tests for each stock size in each shipment.TABLE 2 Hardness Requirements for Bolts and StudsGrade Length, in. HardnessABrinell Rockwell Bmin max min maxA Less than 3 3 diaB121 24

41、1 69 1003 3 dia and longer . . . 241 . . . 100B Less than 3 3 diaB121 212 69 953 3 dia and longer . . . 212 . . . 95AAs measured anywhere on the surface or through the cross section.BAlso bolts with drilled or undersize heads. These sizes and bolts with modifiedheads shall meet the minimum and maxim

42、um hardness as hardness is the onlyrequirement.TABLE 3 Tensile Requirements for Full-Size Bolts and StudsBoltSize,in.Threadsper inchStressArea,Ain.2Tensile Strength, lbfBGradeA, minCGrade BminDmaxD14 20 0.0318 1 900 1 900 3 180516 18 0.0524 3 100 3 100 5 24038 16 0.0775 4 650 4 650 7 750716 14 0.106

43、3 6 350 6 350 10 63012 13 0.1419 8 500 8 500 14 190916 12 0.182 11 000 11 000 18 20058 11 0.226 13 550 13 550 22 60034 10 0.334 20 050 20 050 33 40078 9 0.462 27 700 27 700 46 2001 8 0.606 36 350 36 350 60 600118 7 0.763 45 800 45 800 76 300114 7 0.969 58 150 58 150 96 900138 6 1.155 69 300 69 300 1

44、15 500112 6 1.405 84 300 84 300 140 500134 5 1.90 114 000 114 000 190 0002 4 2.50 150 000 150 000 250 000214 4 3.25 195 000 195 000 325 000212 4 4.00 240 000 240 000 400 000234 4 4.93 295 800 295 800 493 0003 4 5.97 358 200 358 200 597 000314 4 7.10 426 000 426 000 710 000312 4 8.33 499 800 499 800

45、833 000334 4 9.66 579 600 579 600 966 0004 4 11.08 664 800 664 800 1 108 000AArea calculated from the equation:As= 0.7854 D (0.9743/n)2where:As= stress area,D = nominal diameter of bolt, andn = threads per inch.B1 lbf = 4.448 N.CBased on 60 ksi (414 MPa).DBased on 60100 ksi (414690 MPa).TABLE 4 Tens

46、ile Requirements for Machined SpecimensGrade A Grade BTensile strength, ksi 60 min 60100Yield point, min ksi . . . . . .Elongation in 2 in.,min, %18 18TABLE 5 Sample Sizes and Acceptance Numbers for Inspectionof Hot-Dip or Mechanically Deposited Zinc-Coated ThreadsLot Size Sample SizeAAcceptance Num

47、ber2to90 13 191 to 150 20 2151 to 280 32 3281 to 500 50 5501 to 1 200 80 71 201 to 3 200 125 103 201 to 10 000 200 1410 001 and over 315 21AInspect all bolts in the lot if the lot size is less than the sample size.A307 1038.3 When additional tests are specified on the purchaseorder, a lot, for purpo

48、ses of selecting test samples, shall consistof all material offered for inspection at one time that has thefollowing common characteristics:8.3.1 One type of item,8.3.2 One nominal size, and8.3.3 One nominal length of bolts and studs.8.4 From each lot, the number of tests for each requirementshall b

49、e as follows:Number of Pieces in Lot Number of Samples800 and under 1801 to 8 000 28 001 to 22 000 3Over 22 000 58.5 If any machined test specimen shows defective machin-ing it shall be discarded and another specimen substituted.8.6 Should any sample fail to meet the requirements of aspecified test, double the number of samples from the same lotshall be tested, in which case all of the additional samples shallmeet the specification.9. Test Methods9.1 Grades A and B bolts and studs shall be tested inaccordance with Test Meth