1、Designation: A 325 07American AssociationState Highway andTransportation OfficialsStandard AASHTO No.: M 164Standard Specification forStructural Bolts, Steel, Heat Treated, 120/105 ksi MinimumTensile Strength1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 325; the number immediately following
2、 the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved
3、for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification2covers two types of quenched andtempered steel heavy hex structural bolts having a minimumtensile strength of 120 ksi for sizes 1.0 in. and less and 105 ksifor sizes over 1.0 to 112 in., inclusive.1.2 The bolts are inte
4、nded for use in structural connections.These connections are covered under the requirements of theSpecification for Structural Joints UsingASTMA 325 orA 490Bolts, approved by the Research Council on Structural Con-nections, endorsed by theAmerican Institute of Steel Construc-tion and by the Industri
5、al Fastener Institute.31.3 The bolts are furnished in sizes12 to 112 in., inclusive.They are designated by type, denoting chemical composition asfollows:Type DescriptionType 1 Medium carbon, carbon boron, or medium carbon alloy steel.Type 2 Withdrawn in November 1991.Type 3 Weathering steel.NOTE 1Bo
6、lts for general applications, including anchor bolts, arecovered by Specification A 449. Also refer to Specification A 449 forquenched and tempered steel bolts and studs with diameters greater than112 in. but with similar mechanical properties.NOTE 2A complete metric companion to Specification A 325
7、 hasbeen developedSpecification A 325M; therefore, no metric equivalentsare presented in this specification.1.4 This specification is applicable to heavy hex structuralbolts only. For bolts of other configurations and thread lengthswith similar mechanical properties, see Specification A 449.1.5 Term
8、s used in this specification are defined in Termi-nology F 1789.1.6 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion, Section 10, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsib
9、ility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:4A 194/A 194M Specification for Carbon and Alloy SteelNuts for Bolts for High Pressure or High Tempe
10、ratureService, or BothA 449 Specification for Hex Cap Screws, Bolts and Studs,Steel, Heat Treated, 120/105/90 ksi Minimum TensileStrength, General UseA 490 Specification for Structural Bolts, Alloy Steel, HeatTreated, 150 ksi Minimum Tensile StrengthA 563 Specification for Carbons and Alloy Steel Nu
11、tsA 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology forChemical Analysis of Steel ProductsB 695 Specification for Coatings of Zinc MechanicallyDeposited on Iron and SteelD 3951 Practice for Commercial PackagingF 436 Specification for Hardened Steel WashersF 606 Test Methods for Determining the Mechanic
12、al Prop-erties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners,Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and RivetsF 788/F 788M Specification for Surface Discontinuities ofBolts, Screws, and Studs, Inch and Metric SeriesF 959 Specification for Compressible-Washer-Type DirectTension Indicators for Use with
13、 Structural FastenersF 1470 Guide for Fastener Sampling for Specified Mechani-cal Properties and Performance InspectionF 1789 Terminology for F16 Mechanical FastenersF 2329 Specification for Zinc Coating, Hot-Dip, Require-ments for Application to Carbon and Alloy Steel Bolts,Screws, Washers, Nuts, a
14、nd Special Threaded FastenersG 101 Guide for Estimating the Atmospheric Corrosion1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 onFasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02 on Steel Bolts,Nuts, Rivets and Washers.Current edition approved Sept. 15, 2007. Pu
15、blished September 2007. Originallyapproved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as A 325 06.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-cation SA-325 in Section II of that Code.3Published by American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC), One E. WackerDr.,
16、Suite 700, Chicago, IL 60601-2001, http:/www.aisc.org.4For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Sum
17、mary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Resistance of Low-Alloy Steels2.2 ASME Standards:5B 1.1 Unified Screw ThreadsB 18.2.6 Fasteners for Use in Structural Applicat
18、ionsB 18.24 Part Identification Number (PIN) Code SystemStandard for B18 Fastener Products3. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for heavy hex structural bolts under this speci-fication shall include the following:3.1.1 Quantity (number of pieces of bolts and accessories).3.1.2 Size, including nominal bo
19、lt diameter, thread pitch,and bolt length.3.1.3 Name of product, heavy hex structural bolts.3.1.4 When bolts threaded full length are required, Supple-mentary Requirement S1 shall be specified.3.1.5 Type of bolt: Type 1 or 3. When type is not specified,either Type 1 or Type 3 shall be furnished at t
20、he suppliersoption.3.1.6 ASTM designation and year of issue.3.1.7 Other components such as nuts, washers, and com-pressible washer-type direct-tension indicators, if required.3.1.7.1 When such other components are specified to befurnished, also state “Nuts, washers, and direct tension indica-tors, o
21、r combination thereof, shall be furnished by lot number.”3.1.8 Zinc CoatingSpecify the zinc coating process re-quired, for example, hot dip, mechanically deposited, or nopreference (see 4.3).3.1.9 Other FinishesSpecify other protective finish, ifrequired.3.1.10 Test reports, if required (see Section
22、 13).3.1.11 Supplementary or special requirements, if required.3.1.12 For establishment of a part identifying system, seeASME B 18.24.NOTE 3A typical ordering description follows: 1000 pieces 118-7UNC in. dia 3 4 in. long heavy hex structural bolt, Type 1 ASTMA 32502, each with one hardened washer,
23、ASTM F 436 Type 1, and oneheavy hex nut, ASTM A 563 Grade DH. Each component hot-dipzinc-coated. Nuts lubricated.3.2 Recommended Nuts:3.2.1 Nuts conforming to the requirements of SpecificationA 563 are the recommended nuts for use with SpecificationA 325 heavy hex structural bolts. The nuts shall be
24、 of the classand have a surface finish for each type of bolt as follows:Bolt Type and Finish Nut Class and Finish1, plain (noncoated) A 563-C, C 3, D, DH, DH3,plain1, zinc coated A 563-DH, zinc coated3, plain A 563-C3, DH3, plain3.2.2 Alternatively, nuts conforming to Specification A 194/A 194M Gr.
25、2H are considered a suitable substitute for usewith Specification A 325 Type 1 heavy hex structural bolts.3.2.3 When Specification A 194/A 194M Gr. 2H zinc-coated nuts are supplied, the zinc coating, overtapping, lubri-cation, and rotational capacity testing shall be in accordancewith Specification
26、A 563.3.3 Recommended Washers:3.3.1 Washers conforming to Specification F 436 are therecommended washers for use with Specification A 325 heavyhex structural bolts. The washers shall have a surface finish foreach type of bolt as follows:Bolt Type and Finish Washer Finish1, plain (uncoated) plain (un
27、coated)1, zinc coated zinc coated3, plain weathering steel, plain3.4 Other Accessories:3.4.1 When compressible washer type direct tension indica-tors are specified to be used with these bolts, they shallconform to Specification F 959 Type 325.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 Heat Treatment:4.1.1 Type
28、 1 bolts produced from medium carbon steel shallbe quenched in a liquid medium from the austenitizingtemperature. Type 1 bolts produced from medium carbon steelto which chromium, nickel, molybdenum, or born were inten-tionally added shall be quenched only in oil from the austen-itizing temperature.4
29、.1.2 Type 3 bolts shall be quenched only in oil from theaustenitizing temperature.4.1.3 Type 1 bolts, regardless of the steel used, and Type 3bolts shall be tempered by reheating to not less than 800F.4.2 ThreadingThreads shall be cut or rolled.4.3 Zinc Coatings, Hot-Dip and Mechanically Deposited:4
30、.3.1 When zinc-coated fasteners are required, the pur-chaser shall specify the zinc coating process, for example, hotdip, mechanically deposited, or no preference.4.3.2 When hot-dip is specified, the fasteners shall bezinc-coated by the hot-dip process and the coating shallconform to the coating wei
31、ght/thickness and performancerequirements of Specification F 2329.4.3.3 When mechanically deposited is specified, the fasten-ers shall be zinc-coated by the mechanical deposition processand the coating shall conform to the coating weight/thicknessand performance requirements of Class 50 of Specifica
32、tionB 695.4.3.4 When no preference is specified, the supplier shallfurnish either a hot-dip zinc coating in accordance withSpecification F 2329, or a mechanically deposited zinc coatingin accordance with Specification B 695, Class 50. Threadedcomponents (bolts and nuts) shall be coated by the samezi
33、nc-coating process and the suppliers option is limited to oneprocess per item with no mixed processes in a lot.4.4 LubricationWhen zinc-coated nuts are ordered withthe bolts, the nuts shall be lubricated in accordance withSpecification A 563, Supplementary Requirement S1, to mini-mize galling.4.5 Se
34、condary Processing:4.5.1 If any processing, which can affect the mechanicalproperties or performance of the bolts, is performed after the5Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.A3250
35、72initial testing, the bolts shall be retested for all specifiedmechanical properties and performance requirements affectedby the reprocessing.4.5.2 When the secondary process is heat treatment, thebolts shall be tested for all specified mechanical properties. Hotdip zinc-coated bolts shall be teste
36、d for all specified mechani-cal properties and rotational capacity. If zinc-coated nuts arerelubricated after the initial rotational capacity tests, theassemblies shall be retested for rotational capacity.5. Chemical Composition5.1 Type 1 bolts shall be plain carbon steel, carbon boronsteel, alloy s
37、teel or alloy boron steel at the manufacturersoption, conforming to the chemical composition specified inTable 1.5.2 Type 3 bolts shall be weathering steel and shall conformto one of the chemical compositions specified in Table 2. Theselection of the chemical composition,A, B, C, D, E, or F, shallbe
38、 at the option of the bolt manufacturer. See Guide G 101 formethods of estimating the atmospheric corrosion resistance oflow alloy steels.5.3 Product analyses made on finished bolts representingeach lot shall conform to the product analysis requirementsspecified in Tables 1 and 2, as applicable.5.4
39、Heats of steel to which bismuth, selenium, tellurium, orlead has been intentionally added shall not be permitted forbolts.5.5 Compliance with 5.4 shall be based on certification thatheats of steel having any of the listed elements intentionallyadded were not used to produce the bolts.5.6 Chemical an
40、alyses shall be performed in accordancewith Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A 751.6. Mechanical Properties6.1 HardnessThe bolts shall conform to the hardnessspecified in Table 3.6.2 Tensile Properties:6.2.1 Except as permitted in 6.2.2 for long bolts and 6.2.3for short bolts, sizes 1.00 in.
41、 and smaller having a length of 214D and longer, and sizes larger than 1.00 in. having a length of3D and longer, shall be wedge tested full size and shallconform to the minimum wedge tensile load and proof load oralternative proof load specified in Table 4. The load achievedduring proof load testing
42、 shall be equal to or greater than thespecified proof load.6.2.2 When the length of the bolt makes full-size testingimpractical, machined specimens shall be tested and shallconform to the requirements specified in Table 5. When boltsare tested by both full-size and machined specimen methods,the full
43、-size test shall take precedence.6.2.3 Sizes 1.00 in. and smaller having a length shorter than214 D down to 2D, inclusive, that cannot be wedge tensiletested shall be axially tension tested full size and shall conformto the minimum tensile load and proof load or alternate proofload specified in Tabl
44、e 4. Sizes 1.00 in. and smaller having alength shorter than 2D that cannot be axially tensile tested shallbe qualified on the basis of hardness.6.2.4 For bolts on which both hardness and tension tests areperformed, acceptance based on tensile requirements shall takeprecedence in the event of low har
45、dness readings.6.3 Rotational Capacity Test:6.3.1 DefinitionThe rotational capacity test is intended toevaluate the presence of a lubricant, the efficiency of thelubricant, and the compatibility of assemblies as represented bythe components selected for testing.6.3.2 RequirementZinc-coated bolts, zi
46、nc-coated wash-ers, and zinc-coated and lubricated nuts tested full size in anassembled joint or tension measuring device, in accordancewith 10.2, shall not show signs of failure when subjected to thenut rotation in Table 6. The test shall be performed by theresponsible party (see Section 14) prior
47、to shipment after zinccoating and lubrication of nuts (see 10.2 and Note 5).TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements for Type 1 BoltsElementCarbon SteelHeatAnalysisProductAnalysisCarbon 0.300.52 0.280.55Manganese, min 0.60 0.57Phosphorus, max 0.040 0.048Sulfur, max 0.050 0.058Silicon 0.150.30 0.130.32ElementCa
48、rbon Boron SteelHeatAnalysisProductAnalysisCarbon 0.300.52 0.280.55Manganese, min 0.60 0.57Phosphorus, max 0.040 0.048Sulfur, max 0.050 0.058Silicon 0.100.30 0.080.32Boron 0.00050.003 0.00050.003ElementAlloy SteelHeatAnalysisProductAnalysisCarbon 0.300.52 0.280.55Manganese, min 0.60 0.57Phosphorus,
49、max 0.035 0.040Sulfur, max 0.040 0.045Silicon 0.150.35 0.130.37Alloying ElementsAAAlloy Boron SteelHeatAnalysisProductAnalysisCarbon 0.300.52 0.280.55Manganese, min 0.60 0.57Phosphorus, max 0.035 0.040Sulfur, max 0.040 0.045Silicon 0.150.35 0.130.37Boron 0.00050.003 0.00050.003Alloying ElementsAAASteel, as defined by the American Iron and Steel Institute, shall be consideredto be alloy when the maximum of the range given for the content of alloyingelements exceeds one or more of the following limits: Manganese, 1.65 %; silicon,0.60 %; coppe
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