1、Designation: A 325M 05METRICStandard Specification forStructural Bolts, Steel, Heat Treated 830 MPa MinimumTensile Strength Metric1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 325M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of re
2、vision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specificat
3、ion2covers two types of quenched andtempered, steel, metric heavy hex structural bolts having aminimum tensile strength of 830 MPa (Note 1).1.2 The bolts are intended for use in structural connections.These connections are comparable to those covered under therequirements of the Specification for St
4、ructural Joints usingASTM A 325 or A 490 bolts, approved by the ResearchCouncil on Structural Connections; endorsed by the AmericanInstitute of Steel Construction and by the Industrial FastenerInstitute.31.3 The bolts are furnished in sizes M12 to M36 inclusive.They are designated by type denoting c
5、hemical composition asfollows:1.3.1 Type 1Medium-carbon, carbon boron, medium car-bon alloy, or alloy boron steel.1.3.2 Type 2Withdrawn in 2003.1.3.3 Type 3Weathering Steel.1.4 This specification is applicable to metric heavy hex,structural bolts only.1.5 Terms used in this specification are defined
6、 in Termi-nology F 1789.1.6 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to thetest methods portion, Section 10, of this specification. Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to est
7、ablish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.NOTE 1This specification is the metric companion to the inch poundSpecification A 325.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:4A 153/A 153M Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot Dip)
8、 onIron and Steel HardwareA 490M Specification for High-Strength Steel Bolts,Classes 10.9 and 10.9.3, for Structural Steel Joints MetricA 563M Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel NutsMetricA 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology forChemical Analysis of Steel ProductsB 695 Specification o
9、f Coatings of Zinc Mechanically De-posited on Iron and SteelD 3951 Practice for Commercial PackagingF 436M Specification for Hardened Steel Washers MetricF 606M Test Methods for Determining the MechanicalProperties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners,Washers, and Rivets MetricF 788/F 788
10、M Specification for Surface Discontinuities ofBolts, Screws, and Studs, Inch and Metric SeriesF 959M Specification for Compressible Washer-Type Di-rect Tension Indicators for Use with Structural FastenersMetricF 1470 Guide for Fastener Sampling for Specified Mechani-cal Properties and Performance In
11、spectionF 1789 Terminology for F16 Mechanical FastenersG 101 Guide for Estimating the Atmospheric CorrosionResistance of Low-Alloy Steels2.2 ASME Standards:5B 1.13M Metric Screw Threads1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 onFasteners and is the direct responsibility of
12、 Subcommittee F16.02 on Steel Bolts,Nuts, Rivets, and Washers.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2005. Published December 2005. Originallyapproved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as A 325M 04b.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specifi-cation SA-325M in
13、 Section II of that Code.3Available from American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC), One E.Wacker Dr., Suite 3100, Chicago, IL 60601-2001.4For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards vo
14、lume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.5Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright AST
15、M International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.B 18.2.3.7M Metric Heavy Hex Structural BoltsB 18.18.3M Inspection and Quality Assurance for SpecialPurpose FastenersB 18.24 Part Identifying Number (PIN) Code System Stan-dard for B18 Fastener Produ
16、cts3. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for heavy hex structural bolts under this speci-fication shall include the following:3.1.1 Quantity (number of pieces of bolts and accessories).3.1.2 Size, including nominal bolt diameter, thread pitchand bolt length.3.1.3 Name of product, heavy hex structural bo
17、lts.3.1.4 When bolts threaded full length are required, Supple-mentary Requirement S1 shall be specified.3.1.5 Type of bolt; Type 1 or Type 3. When the type is notspecified, either Type 1 or Type 3 shall be furnished at thesuppliers option.3.1.6 ASTM designation and year of issue.3.1.7 Other compone
18、nts such as nuts, washers, and com-pressible washer-type direct-tension indicators, if required.3.1.8 Zinc CoatingSpecify the zinc-coating process re-quired, for example, hot-dip, mechanically deposited, or nopreference (see 4.3).3.1.9 Other FinishesSpecify other protective finish, ifrequired.3.1.10
19、 Test reports, if required (see Section 13).3.1.11 Supplementary or special requirements, if required.3.1.12 For establishment of a part identifying system, seeASME B 18.24.NOTE 2A typical ordering description follows: 1000 pieces,M24333100, heavy hex structural bolts, Type 1 ASTM A 325M - 03,each w
20、ith one hardened washer and one heavy hex nut, mechanicallydeposited zinc coating (see 3.1.8 for any special requirements).3.2 Recommended Nuts:3.2.1 Nuts conforming to the requirements of SpecificationA 563M are the recommended nuts for use with A 325Mmetric heavy hex structural bolts. The nuts sha
21、ll be of the classand have a surface finish for each type of bolt as follows:Bolt Type and Finish Nut Class and Finish Specification1, plain (noncoated) A 563M8S or 8S3, plain1, zinc-coated A 563M10S, zinc-coated3, plain A 563M8S3, plain3.3 Recommended Washers:3.3.1 Washers conforming to Specificati
22、on F 436M are therecommended washers for use with Specification A 325MMetric heavy hex structural bolts. The washers shall have asurface finish for each type of bolt as follows:Bolt Type and Finish Washer Finish1, plain (uncoated) plain (uncoated)1, zinc-coated zinc-coated3, plain weathering steel,
23、plain3.4 Other Accessories:3.4.1 When compressible washer type direct tension indica-tors are specified to be used with these bolts, they shallconform to the requirements in Specification F 959M Type 8.8.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 Heat Treatment:4.1.1 Type 1 bolts produced from medium carbon st
24、eel shallbe quenched in a liquid medium from the austenitizingtemperature.4.1.2 Type 1 bolts produced from carbon steel to whichchromium, nickel, molybdenum, or boron were intentionallyadded shall be quenched only in oil from the austenitizingtemperature.4.1.3 Type 3 bolts shall be quenched only in
25、oil from theaustenitizing temperature.4.1.4 Type 1 bolts, regardless of the steel used, and Type 3bolts, shall be tempered by reheating to not less than 427C.4.2 ThreadingThreads shall be cut or rolled.4.3 Zinc Coatings, Hot-dip and Mechanically Deposited:4.3.1 When zinc-coated fasteners are require
26、d, the pur-chaser shall specify the zinc coating process, for example, hotdip, mechanically deposited, or no preference.TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements for Type 1 BoltsElementCarbon SteelHeatAnalysisProductAnalysisCarbon 0.300.52 0.280.55Manganese, min 0.60 0.57Phosphorus, max 0.040 0.048Sulfur, max 0
27、.050 0.058Silicon 0.150.30 0.130.32ElementCarbon Boron SteelHeatAnalysisProductAnalysisCarbon 0.300.52 0.280.55Manganese, min 0.60 0.57Phosphorus, max 0.040 0.048Sulfur, max 0.050 0.058Silicon 0.100.30 0.080.32Boron 0.00050.003 0.00050.003ElementAlloy SteelHeatAnalysisProductAnalysisCarbon 0.300.52
28、0.280.55Manganese, min 0.60 0.57Phosphorus, max 0.035 0.040Sulfur, max 0.040 0.045Silicon 0.150.35 0.130.37Alloying ElementsAAAlloy Boron SteelHeatAnalysisProductAnalysisCarbon 0.300.52 0.280.55Manganese, min 0.60 0.57Phosphorus, max 0.035 0.040Sulfur, max 0.040 0.045Silicon 0.150.35 0.130.37Boron 0
29、.00050.003 0.00050.003Alloying ElementsAAASteel, as defined by theAmerican Iron and Steel Institute, shall be consideredto be alloy when the maximum of the range given for the content of alloyingelements exceeds one or more of the following limits: Manganese, 1.65 %; silicon,0.60 %; copper, 0.60 % o
30、r in which a definite range or a definite minimum quantityof any of the following elements is specified or required within the limits of therecognized field of constructional alloy steels: aluminum, chromium up to 3.99 %,cobalt, columbium, molybdenum, nickel, titanium, tungsten, vanadium, zirconium,
31、or any other alloying elements added to obtain a desired alloying effect.A325M0524.3.2 When hot-dip is specified, the fasteners shall bezinc-coated by the hot-dip process and the coating shallconform to the coating weight/thickness and performancerequirements of Class C of Specification A 153/A 153M
32、.4.3.3 When mechanically deposited is specified, the fasten-ers shall be zinc-coated by the mechanical deposition processand the coating shall conform to the coating weight/thicknessand performance requirements of Class 50 of SpecificationB 695.4.3.4 When no preference is specified, the supplier sha
33、llfurnish either a hot-dip zinc coating in accordance withSpecification A 153/A 153M, Class C, or a mechanicallydeposited zinc coating in accordance with Specification B 695,Class 50. Threaded components (bolts and nuts) shall be coatedby the same zinc-coating process and the suppliers option islimi
34、ted to one process per item with no mixed processes in alot.4.4 LubricationWhen zinc coated nuts are ordered withthe bolts, the nuts shall be lubricated in accordance withSpecification A 563M, Supplementary Requirement S1, tominimize galling.4.5 Secondary Processing:4.5.1 If any processing, which ca
35、n affect the mechanicalproperties or performance of the bolts is performed after theinitial testing, the bolts shall be retested for all specifiedmechanical properties and performance requirements affectedby the reprocessing.4.5.2 When the secondary process is heat treatment, thebolts shall be teste
36、d for all specified mechanical properties. Hotdip zinc coated bolts shall be tested for all specified mechanicalproperties and rotational capacity. If zinc coated nuts arerelubricated after the initial rotational capacity tests, theassemblies shall be retested for rotational capacity. See 10.2,Note
37、4.TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements for Type 3 Heavy Hex Structural BoltsAElementComposition, %Type 3 BoltsAABCDEFCarbon:Heat analysisProduct analysis0.330.400.310.420.380.480.360.500.150.250.140.260.150.250.140.260.200.250.180.270.200.250.190.26Manganese:Heat analysisProduct analysis0.901.200.861.240.7
38、00.900.670.930.801.350.761.390.401.200.361.240.601.000.561.040.901.200.861.24Phosphorus:Heat analysisProduct analysis0.035 max0.040 max0.060.120.060.1250.035 max0.040 max0.035 max0.040 max0.035 max0.040 max0.035 max0.040 maxSulfur:Heat analysisProduct analysis0.040 max0.045 max0.040 max0.045 max0.04
39、0 max0.045 max0.040 max0.045 max0.040 max0.045 max0.040 max0.045 maxSilicon:Heat analysisProduct analysis0.150.350.130.370.300.500.250.550.150.350.130.370.250.500.200.550.150.350.130.370.150.350.130.37Copper:Heat analysisProduct analysis0.250.450.220.480.200.400.170.430.200.500.170.530.300.500.270.5
40、30.300.600.270.630.200.400.170.43Nickel:Heat analysisProduct analysis0.250.450.220.480.500.800.470.830.250.500.220.530.500.800.470.830.300.600.270.630.200.400.170.43Chromium:Heat analysisProduct analysis0.450.650.420.680.500.750.470.830.300.500.270.530.501.000.451.050.600.900.550.950.450.650.420.68V
41、anadium:Heat analysisProduct analysisBBBB0.020 min0.010 minBBBBBBMolybdenum:Heat analysisProduct analysisBB0.06 max0.07 maxBB0.10 max0.11 maxBBBBTitanium:Heat analysisProduct analysisBBBBBB0.05 max0.06 maxBBBBAA, B, C, D, E, and F are classes of material used for Type 3 bolts. Selection of a class s
42、hall be at the option of the bolt manufacturer.BThese elements are not specified or required.A325M0535. Chemical Composition5.1 Type 1 bolts shall be plain carbon steel, carbon boronsteel, alloy steel, or alloy boron steel at the manufacturersoption, conforming to the chemical composition specified
43、inTable 1.5.2 Type 3 bolts shall be weathering steel and shall conformto one of the chemical compositions specified in Table 2. Theselection of the chemical composition,A, B, C, D, E, or F, shallbe at the option of the bolt manufacturer. See Guide G 101 formethods of estimating the atmospheric corro
44、sion resistance oflow alloy steels.5.3 Product analyses made on finished bolts representingeach lot shall conform to the product analysis requirementsspecified in Table 1 or Table 2, as applicable.5.4 Heats of steel to which bismuth, selenium, tellurium, orlead has been intentionally added shall not
45、 be permitted forbolts.5.5 Compliance with 5.4 shall be based on certification thatheats of steel having any of the listed elements intentionallyadded were not used to produce the bolts.5.6 Chemical analyses shall be performed in accordancewith Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A 751.6. Mecha
46、nical Properties6.1 HardnessThe bolts shall conform to the hardnessspecified in Table 3.6.2 Tensile Properties:6.2.1 Except as permitted in 6.2.2 for long bolts, and 6.2.3for short bolts, sizes M24 and smaller having a length of 2-14D and longer; and sizes larger than M24 having a length of 3Dand lo
47、nger; shall be wedge tested full size and shall conform tothe minimum wedge tensile load, and proof load or alternativeproof load specified in Table 4. The load achieved during proofload testing shall be equal to or greater than the specified proofload.6.2.2 When the length of the bolt makes full si
48、ze testingimpractical, machined specimens shall be tested and shallconform to the requirements specified in Table 5. When boltsare tested by both full size and machined specimen methods,the full size tent shall take precedence.6.2.3 Sizes M24 and smaller having a length shorter than2-14 D down to 2D
49、 inclusive, which cannot be wedge tensiletested shall be axially tension tested full size and shall conformto the minimum tensile load and proof load, or alternate proofload specified in Table 4. Sizes M24 and smaller having alength shorter than 2D, which cannot be axially tensile testedshall be qualified on the basis of hardness.6.2.4 For bolts on which both hardness and tension tests areperformed, acceptance based on tensile requirements shall takeprecedence
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