ASTM A336 A336M-2008 Standard Specification for Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure and High-Temperature Parts.pdf

1、Designation: A 336/A 336M 08Standard Specification forAlloy Steel Forgings for Pressure and High-TemperatureParts1This standard is issued under the fixed designationA 336/A 336M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the

2、year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification2covers fe

3、rritic steel forgings forboilers, pressure vessels, high-temperature parts, and associ-ated equipment.1.2 Forgings made of steel grades listed in SpecificationA 335/A 335M, may also be ordered under this specification.The chemical, tensile, heat treatment, and marking require-ments of Specification

4、A 335/A 335M shall apply, except theforging shall conform to the chemical requirements of Tables 1and 2 of SpecificationA 335/A 335M only with respect to heatanalysis. On check analysis they may deviate from these limitsto the extent permitted in Table 1 of this specification.Current FormerlyGrade F

5、1 Class F1Grade F11, Class 2 Class F11Grade F11, Class 3 Class F11AGrade F11, Class 1 Class F11BGrade F12 Class F12Grade F5 Class F5Grade F5A Class F5AGrade F9 Class F9Grade F6 Class F6Grade F21 Class 1 Class F21AGrade F21, Class 3 Class F21Grade F22, Class 1 Class F22AGrade F22, Class 3 Class F22Gr

6、ade F91 Class F91Grade F3V Class F3VGrade F22V Class F22V1.3 Supplementary Requirements S1 to S9 are provided foruse when additional testing or inspection is desired. These shallapply only when specified individually by the purchaser in theorder.1.4 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” spec

7、ifica-tion designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-pound units.1.5 Specification A 336/A 336M formerly included austen-itic steel forgings, which are now found in SpecificationA 965/A 965M.1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as s

8、tandard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A 275/A 275M Practice for Magnetic Par

9、ticle Examinationof Steel ForgingsA 335/A 335M Specification for Seamless Ferritic Alloy-Steel Pipe for High-Temperature ServiceA 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA 788/A 788M Specification for Steel Forgings, GeneralRequirementsA 965/A 965M Specification for S

10、teel Forgings, Austenitic,for Pressure and High Temperature PartsE 165 Test Method for Liquid Penetrant Examination2.2 Other Standard:ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Section III, NuclearFacility Components and Section IX, Welding Qualifica-tions43. Ordering Information and General Requirements3

11、.1 In addition to the ordering information required bySpecification A 788/A 788M, the purchaser should includewith the inquiry and order the following information:3.1.1 Adrawing or sketch that shows test locations when thetesting is in accordance with 8.1.1.3.1This specification is under the jurisdi

12、ction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.06 on Steel Forgings and Billets.Current edition approved May 1, 2008. Published May 2008. Originallyapproved in 1955. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as A 336/A 336M 07

13、.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specifi-cation SA-336/SA-336M in Section II of that Code.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,

14、 refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International,

15、100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.TABLE1TensileRequirements FerriticSteelsGradeF1F11,Class2F11,Class3F11,Class1F12F5F5AF9F6F21,Class3F21,Class1F22,Class3F22,Class1F91F911F3VF3VCbF22VTensilestrength,70000-70000-75000-60000-70000-60000-80000-85000-8500

16、0-75000-60000-75000-60000-85000-90000-85000-85000-85000-psiMPa95000950001000008500095000850001050001100001100001000008500010000085000110000120000110000110000110000485-485-515-415-485-415-550-585-585-515-415-515-415-585-620-585-585-585-660660690585660585725760760690585690585760830760760760Yieldstreng

17、th,400004000045000300004000036000500005500055000450003000045000300006000064000600006000060000min,psiMPa275275310205275250345380380310205310205415440415415415Elongationin2in.202018202020192018192019202020181818or50mm,min,%Reductionofarea,404040454040354035404540454040454545min,%A 336/A 336M 0823.1.2

18、The intended use of forgings if 5.1 is applicable.3.2 Material supplied to this specification shall conform tothe requirements of Specification A 788/A 788M, which out-lines additional ordering information, manufacturing require-ments, testing and retesting methods and procedures, marking,certificat

19、ion, product analysis variations, and additional supple-mentary requirements.3.3 If the requirements of this specification are in conflictwith the requirements of Specification A 788/A 788M, therequirements of this specification shall prevail.3.4 For hubbed flanges and tube sheets ordered for ASMEBo

20、iler and Pressure Vessel Code application, SupplementaryRequirement S12 of Specification A 788/A 788M shall bespecified.3.5 For Section III, Part NB of the ASME Boiler andPressure Vessel Code application, Supplementary RequirementS3 shall be specified.4. Melting and Forging4.1 In addition to the mel

21、ting and forging requirements ofSpecification A 788/A 788M, which may be supplemented bySupplementary Requirement S8, the following conditions ap-ply:4.1.1 A sufficient discard shall be made to secure freedomfrom injurious pipe and undue segregation.5. Machining5.1 Forged pressure vessels for steam

22、power service shallhave the inner surface machined or ground. Unfired pressurevessels shall have the inner surfaces sufficiently free of scale topermit inspection.5.2 When rough machining is performed, it may be doneeither before or after heat treatment.6. Heat Treatment6.1 Except as permitted in 6.

23、1.1 for Grade F22V, the steelforgings shall be annealed or normalized and tempered butalternatively may be liquid quenched and tempered whenmutually agreed upon between the manufacturer and thepurchaser. For all grades, normalizing or liquid quenching shallbe followed by tempering at a subcritical t

24、emperature.6.1.1 Grade F22V forgings shall be normalized and tem-pered or liquid quenched and tempered at the manufacturersoption.6.1.1.1 For Grade F22V forgings the minimum austenizingtemperature shall be 1650F 900C.6.1.2 For Grade F91 and F911 forgings the austenitizingtemperature shall be in the

25、range of 1900 to 1975F 1040 to1080C.6.1.3 Except for the following grades, the minimum tem-pering temperature shall be 1100F 595C:Grade Tempering TemperatureMinimum or Range, F CF6 1150 620F11, Class 2 1150 620F11, Class 3 1150 620F11, Class 1 1150 620F5 1250 675F9 1250 675F21, Class 1 1250 675F3V,

26、F3VCb 1250 675F22, Class 1 1250 675F22V 1250 675F91 1350-1470 730-800F911 1365-1435 740-780F22, Class 3 1250 6757. Chemical Composition7.1 Heat AnalysisThe heat analysis obtained from sam-pling in accordance with Specification A 788/A 788M andshall comply with Table 2.7.2 Product AnalysisThe manufac

27、turer shall use the prod-uct analysis provision of SpecificationA 788/A 788M to obtaina product analysis from a forging representing each heat ormultiple heat. The product analysis for columbium and calciumfor Grade F22V shall conform to the requirements of Table 2of this specification. Boron is not

28、 subject to product analysis.The purchaser may also make this determination in accordancewith Specification A 788/A 788M.8. Mechanical Properties8.1 General RequirementsThe material shall conform tothe requirements for mechanical properties prescribed in Table1. The largest obtainable tension test s

29、pecimen as specified inTest Methods and Definitions A 370 shall be used.8.1.1 Except as required in 3.4, for annealed, normalized,and tempered or quenched and tempered forgings, the longi-tudinal axis of the tension test specimens, and, when required,Charpy impact test specimens, shall be parallel t

30、o the directionof major working of the forging, except when SupplementaryRequirement S2 is specified. For upset disk forgings, thelongitudinal axis of the test specimen shall be in the tangentialdirection.8.1.1.1 Except as provided for liquid quenched and tem-pered forgings in 8.1.1.3, the longitudi

31、nal axis of the specimenshall be located midway between the parallel surfaces of thetest extension if added to the periphery of disks or midwaybetween the center and surface of solid forgings. For hollowforgings, the longitudinal axis of the specimens shall be locatedmidway between the center and ou

32、ter surfaces of the wall.When separately forged test blocks are employed, as defined in8.1.3, the tension test specimens shall be taken from a locationthat represents the midwall of the heaviest section of theproduction forgings. When specimens are required from oppo-site ends, they shall be taken f

33、rom the diagonal corners of anaxial plane.Alternatively, and when specified by the purchaser,the specimens shall be taken in accordance with Supplemen-tary Requirement S3.8.1.1.2 For liquid quenched and tempered forgings, the testspecimens shall have their longitudinal axis at least14 T of themaximu

34、m heat-treated thickness from any surface and with themid-length of the specimens at least one T from any secondsurface. This is normally referred to as14 T 3 T, where T is themaximum heat-treated thickness.Athermal buffer may be usedto adhere to the above condition.8.1.1.3 For liquid quenched and t

35、empered forgings withprior purchaser approval, test specimens may be taken at adepth (t) corresponding to the distance from the area ofsignificant stress to the nearest heat-treated surface and at leastA 336/A 336M 083twice this distance (2 t) from any second surface. However, thetest depth shall no

36、t be nearer to one heat-treated surface than34in. 19 mm and to the second treated surface than 112 in. 38mm. This method of test specimen location normally (knownas tx2t testing) applies to thick and complex pressure vesselcomponents where the testing in accordance with 8.1.1.2 is notpractical. Sket

37、ches showing the proposed exact test locationsshall be approved by the purchaser when this method is used.8.1.2 Except as specified in this specification, tests foracceptance shall be made after heat treatment has beencompleted in accordance with Section 6. When the ends of thecylindrical forgings a

38、re closed in by reforging, the cylindricalforgings may be normalized and tempered or annealed andtested before reforging.After reforging, the entire forging shallbe re-heat treated in the same manner and at the sametemperature range as employed when the forging was heattreated before certification t

39、esting.8.1.3 When mutually agreed upon between the manufac-turer and the purchaser, test specimens may be machined froma specially forged block suitably worked and heat treated withTABLE 2 Chemical RequirementsComposition, %GradeElement F1 F11, Classes 2and 3F11, Class 1 F12 F5AF5AAF9 F6Carbon 0.200

40、.30 0.100.20 0.050.15 0.100.20 0.15 max 0.25 max 0.15 max 0.12 maxManganese 0.600.80 0.300.80 0.300.60 0.300.80 0.300.60 0.60 max 0.300.60 1.00 maxPhosphorus,max0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025Sulfur, max 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025Silicon 0.200.35 0.501.00 0.501.0

41、0 0.100.60 0.50 max 0.50 max 0.501.00 1.00 maxNickel . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.50 max 0.50 max . . . 0.50 maxChromium . . . 1.001.50 1.001.50 0.801.10 4.06.0 4.06.0 8.010.0 11.513.5Molybdenum 0.400.60 0.450.65 0.440.65 0.450.65 0.450.65 0.450.65 0.901.10 . . .GradeElement F21, Classes1 and 3F22, Cla

42、sses1 and 3Carbon 0.050.15 0.050.15Manganese 0.300.60 0.300.60Phosphorus,max0.025 0.025Sulfur, max 0.025 0.025Silicon 0.50 max 0.50 maxNickel . . . . . .Chromium 2.73.3 2.002.50Molybdenum 0.801.06 0.901.10Vanadium . . . . . .Copper . . . . . .Nitrogen . . . . . .Columbium . . . . . .Element Grade F

43、91 Grade F911 F3V F3VCb F22VCarbon 0.080.12 0.090.13 0.100.15 0.100.15 0.110.15Manganese 0.300.60 0.300.60 0.300.60 0.300.60 0.300.60Phosphorus,max0.025 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.015Sulfur, max 0.025 0.010 0.020 0.010 0.010Silicon 0.200.50 0.100.50 0.10 max 0.10 max 0.10 maxNickel 0.40 max 0.40 max . . .

44、0.25 max 0.25 maxChromium 8.09.5 8.59.5 2.73.3 2.73.3 2.002.50Molybdenum 0.851.05 0.901.10 0.901.10 0.901.10 0.901.10Vanadium 0.180.25 0.180.25 0.200.30 0.200.30 0.250.35Columbium 0.060.10 0.060.10 . . . 0.0150.070 0.07 maxNitrogen 0.030.07 0.040.09 . . . . . . . . .Aluminum 0.02 maxB0.02 maxB. . .B

45、oron . . . 0.00030.006 0.0010.003 . . 0.0020 maxTungsten . . . 0.901.10 . . . . . . . . .Titanium 0.01 maxB0.01 maxB0.0150.035 0.015 max 0.030 maxCopper . . . . . . . . . 0.25 max 0.20 maxCalcium . . . . . . . . . 0.00050.0150 0.015 maxCZirconium 0.01 maxB0.01 maxB. . .AThe present Grade F 5A (0.25

46、%, maximum carbon) previous to 1955 was assigned the identification symbol F 5. Identification symbol F 5 has been assigned to the0.15 %, maximum, carbon grade to be consistent with ASTM specifications for other products such as pipe, tubing, bolting, welding, fittings, etc.BApplies to both heat and

47、 product analyses.CFor Grade F 22V, rare earth metals (REM) may be added in place of calcium subject to agreement between the producer and the purchaser. In that case the totalamount of REM shall be determined and reported.A 336/A 336M 084the production forgings. Such a special block shall be obtain

48、edfrom an ingot, slab, or billet from the same heat used to makethe forgings it represents. This block shall receive essentiallythe same type of hot-working and forging reduction as theproduction forgings; however, a longitudinally forged bar withdimensions not less than T 3 T 3 3T may be used to re

49、presenta ring forging. The dimension T shall be representative of theheaviest effective cross section of the forging. For quenchedand tempered forgings for which tests are required at both endsby 8.2.2.3 and 8.2.2.4, separately forged test blocks are notallowed.NOTE 1In using separately forged test blocks, attention is drawn tothe effect of mass differences between the producti