ASTM A336 A336M-2018a Standard Specification for Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure and High-Temperature Parts.pdf

1、Designation: A336/A336M 18aStandard Specification forAlloy Steel Forgings for Pressure and High-TemperatureParts1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A336/A336M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the ye

2、ar of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification2covers

3、 ferritic steel forgings forboilers, pressure vessels, high-temperature parts, and associ-ated equipment.1.2 Forgings made of steel grades listed in SpecificationA335/A335M, may also be ordered under this specification.The chemical, tensile, heat treatment, and marking require-ments of Specification

4、 A335/A335M shall apply, except theforging shall conform to the chemical requirements of Tables 1and 2 of Specification A335/A335M only with respect to heatanalysis. On product analysis they may deviate from theselimits to the extent permitted in Table 1 of this specification.1.3 Supplementary Requi

5、rements S1 to S9 are provided foruse when additional testing or inspection is desired. These shallapply only when specified individually by the purchaser in theorder.1.4 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specifica-tion designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-pound units.

6、1.5 Specification A336/A336M formerly included austeniticsteel forgings, which are now found in Specification A965/A965M.1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eac

7、hsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles

8、for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A275/A275M Practice for Magnetic Particle Examination ofSteel ForgingsA335/A335M Specification for S

9、eamless Ferritic Alloy-Steel Pipe for High-Temperature ServiceA370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Re-quirementsA965/A965M Specification for Steel Forgings, Austenitic,for Pressure and High Temperature PartsE165

10、/E165M Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination forGeneral Industry2.2 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:4Section III Nuclear Power Plant ComponentsSection IX Welding and Brazing Qualifications2.3 AWS Specifications:5A5.5/A5.5M Low-Alloy Steel Electrodes for Shielded MetalArc WeldingA5.23/A5.23M

11、 Low-Alloy Steel Electrodes and Fluxes forSubmerged Arc WeldingA5.28/A5.28M Low-Alloy Steel Electrodes for GasShielded Arc WeldingA5.29/A5.29M Low-Alloy Steel Electrodes for Flux CoredArc Welding1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related

12、Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.06 on Steel Forgings and Billets.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2018. Published September 2018. Originallyapproved in 1955. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as A336/A336M18.DOI: 10.1520/A0336_A0336M18A.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure

13、Vessel Code applications, see related Specifi-cation SA-336/SA-336M in Section II of that Code.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Documen

14、t Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.5Available from American Welding Society (AWS), 8669 NW 36 St., #130,Miami, FL 33166-6672, http:/www.aws.org.*

15、A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization estab

16、lished in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1TABLE1TensileRequirementsFerriticSteelsGradeF1F11,Class2F11,Class3F11,Class1F12F5F5AF9F6F6NMF21,Class3F21

17、,Class1F22,Class3F22,Class1F91,Type1andType2F911F92F3VF3VCbF22VTensilestrength, ksiMPa70-95485-66070-95485-66075- 100515-69060-85415-58570-95485-66060-85415-58580- 105550-72585- 110585-76085- 110585-760115-140790-96575- 100515-69060-85415-58575- 100515-69060-85415-58590- 110620-76090- 120620-83090-

18、120620-83085- 110585-76085- 110585-76085- 110585-760Yieldstrength, min,ksiMPa4027540275453103020540275362505034555380553809062045310302054531030205604156444064440604156041560415Elongation in2in.or50mm,min,%2020182020201920181519201920202020181818Reduction ofarea,min,%40404045404035403545404540454040

19、45454545A336/A336M 18a23. Ordering Information and General Requirements3.1 In addition to the ordering information required bySpecification A788/A788M, the purchaser should include withthe inquiry and order the following information:3.1.1 Adrawing or sketch that shows test locations when thetesting

20、is in accordance with 8.1.1.3.3.1.2 The intended use of forgings if 5.1 is applicable.3.2 Material supplied to this specification shall conform tothe requirements of Specification A788/A788M, which out-lines additional ordering information, manufacturingrequirements, testing and retesting methods an

21、d procedures,marking, certification, product analysis variations, and addi-tional supplementary requirements.3.3 If the requirements of this specification are in conflictwith the requirements of Specification A788/A788M, therequirements of this specification shall prevail.3.4 For hubbed flatheads an

22、d tube sheets ordered forASMEBoiler and Pressure Vessel Code application, SupplementaryRequirement S12 of Specification A788/A788M shall bespecified.3.5 At the purchasers request the forgings shall be roughmachined before heat treatment (5.2).3.6 For Section III, Part NB of the ASME Boiler andPressu

23、re Vessel Code application, Supplementary RequirementS3 shall be specified.4. Melting and Forging4.1 In addition to the melting and forging requirements ofSpecification A788/A788M, which may be supplemented bySupplementary Requirement S8, the following conditions ap-ply:4.1.1 A sufficient discard sh

24、all be made to secure freedomfrom injurious pipe and undue segregation.5. Machining5.1 Forged pressure vessels for steam power service shallhave the inner surface machined or ground. Unfired pressurevessels shall have the inner surfaces sufficiently free of scale topermit inspection.5.2 Unless other

25、wise specified by the purchaser, whenrough machining is performed, it may be done either before orafter heat treatment at the manufacturers option.6. Heat Treatment6.1 Except as permitted in 6.1.1 for Grade F22V, and in6.1.2 for Grade F91 Type 1 and Type 2 and Grade F92, the steelforgings shall be a

26、nnealed or normalized and tempered butalternatively may be liquid quenched and tempered whenmutually agreed upon between the manufacturer and thepurchaser. For all grades, normalizing or liquid quenching shallbe followed by tempering at a subcritical temperature as shownin 6.1.4.6.1.1 Grade F22V for

27、gings shall be normalized and tem-pered or liquid quenched and tempered at the manufacturersoption.6.1.1.1 For Grade F22V forgings the minimum austenitizingtemperature shall be 1650 F 900 C.6.1.2 Grade F91 Type 1 and Type 2 forgings having anysection thickness greater than 3 in. 75 mm shall be norma

28、l-ized and tempered or liquid quenched and tempered at themanufacturers option. Grade F92 forgings shall be normalizedand tempered or liquid quenched and tempered at the manu-facturers option.6.1.2.1 For Grade F91 Type 1 and Type 2, F911, and F92forgings, the austenitizing temperature shall be in th

29、e range of1900 to 1975 F 1040 to 1080 C.6.1.3 For Grade F6NM the austenitizing temperature shallbe 1850 F 1010 C minimum. The tempering temperaturerange shall be as shown in 6.1.4.6.1.4 Except for the following grades, the minimum tem-pering temperature shall be 1100 F 595 C:Grade Tempering Temperat

30、ureMinimum or Range, F CF6 1150 620F6NM 10401120 560600F11, Class 2 1150 620F11, Class 3 1150 620F11, Class 1 1150 620F5, F5a 1250 675F9 1250 675F21, Class 1 1250 675F3V, F3VCb 1250 675F22, Class 1 1250 675F22V 1250 675F91 Type 1 and Type 2, F92 13501470 730800F911 13651435 740780F22, Class 3 1250 6

31、757. Chemical Composition7.1 Heat AnalysisThe heat analysis obtained from sam-pling in accordance with Specification A788/A788M and shallcomply with Table 2.7.2 Product AnalysisThe manufacturer shall use the prod-uct analysis provision of Specification A788/A788M to obtaina product analysis from a f

32、orging representing each heat ormultiple heat. The product analysis for columbium and calciumfor Grade F22V shall conform to the requirements of Table 2of this specification. Boron is not subject to product analysis.The purchaser may also make this determination in accordancewith Specification A788/

33、A788M.8. Mechanical Properties8.1 General RequirementsThe material shall conform tothe requirements for mechanical properties prescribed in Table1. The largest obtainable tension test specimen as specified inTest Methods and Definitions A370 shall be used.8.1.1 Except as required in 3.4, for anneale

34、d, normalized,and tempered or quenched and tempered forgings, the longi-tudinal axis of the tension test specimens, and, when required,Charpy impact test specimens, shall be parallel to the directionof major working of the forging, except when SupplementaryRequirement S2 is specified. For upset disk

35、 forgings, thelongitudinal axis of the test specimen shall be in the tangentialdirection.A336/A336M 18a38.1.1.1 Except as provided for liquid quenched and tem-pered forgings in 8.1.1.3, the longitudinal axis of the specimenshall be located midway between the parallel surfaces of thetest extension if

36、 added to the periphery of disks or midwaybetween the center and surface of solid forgings. For hollowforgings, the longitudinal axis of the specimens shall be locatedmidway between the center and outer surfaces of the wall.When separately forged test blocks are employed, as defined inTABLE 2 Chemic

37、al RequirementsAComposition, %GradeElement F1 F11, Classes 2and 3F11, Class 1 F12 F5BF5ABF9 F6 F6NMCarbon 0.200.30 0.100.20 0.050.15 0.100.20 0.15 max 0.25 max 0.15 max 0.12 max 0.05 maxManganese 0.600.80 0.300.80 0.300.60 0.300.80 0.300.60 0.60 max 0.300.60 1.00 max 0.501.00Phosphorus,max0.025 0.02

38、5 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.020Sulfur, max 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.015Silicon 0.200.35 0.501.00 0.501.00 0.100.60 0.50 max 0.50 max 0.501.00 1.00 max 0.60 maxNickel . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.50 max 0.50 max . . . 0.50 max 3.55.5Chromium . . . 1.001.50 1.001.50 0

39、.801.10 4.06.0 4.06.0 8.010.0 11.513.5 11.514Molybdenum 0.400.60 0.450.65 0.440.65 0.450.65 0.450.65 0.450.65 0.901.10 . . . 0.501.00GradeElement F21, Classes1 and 3F22, Classes1 and 3Carbon 0.050.15 0.050.15Manganese 0.300.60 0.300.60Phosphorus,max0.025 0.025Sulfur, max 0.025 0.025Silicon 0.50 max

40、0.50 maxNickel . . . . . .Chromium 2.73.3 2.002.50Molybdenum 0.801.06 0.901.10Vanadium . . . . . .Copper . . . . . .Nitrogen . . . . . .ColumbiumC. .Element Grade F91Type 1Grade F91Type 2Grade F911 Grade F92 F3V F3VCb F22VCarbon 0.080.12 0.080.12 0.090.13 0.070.13 0.100.15 0.100.15 0.110.15Heat Prod

41、uct . . . 0.070.13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Manganese 0.300.60 0.300.50D0.300.60 0.300.60 0.300.60 0.300.60 0.300.60Phosphorus,max0.025 0.020D0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.015Sulfur, max 0.025 0.005D0.010 0.010 0.020 0.010 0.010Silicon 0.200.50 0.200.40D0.100.50 0.50 0.10 max 0.10 max 0.10 maxNickel

42、 0.40 max 0.20 maxD0.40 max 0.40 . . . 0.25 max 0.25 maxChromium 8.09.5 8.09.5D8.59.5 8.509.50 2.73.3 2.73.3 2.002.50Molybdenum 0.851.05 0.851.05 0.901.10 0.300.60 0.901.10 0.901.10 0.901.10Vanadium 0.180.25 0.180.25 0.180.25 0.150.25 0.200.30 0.200.30 0.250.35Heat Product . . . 0.160.27 . . . . . .

43、 . . . . . . . . .ColumbiumC0.060.10 0.060.10 0.060.10 0.040.09 . . . 0.0150.070 0.07 maxNitrogen 0.030.07 0.0350.070D0.040.09 0.0300.070 . . . . . . . . .Aluminum 0.02 maxD0.02 maxD0.02 maxD0.02 . . .Boron . . . 0.001 maxD0.00030.006 0.0010.006 0.0010.003 . . . 0.0020 maxN/Al ratio . . . $4.0 . . .

44、 . .Tungsten . . . 0.05 maxD0.901.10 1.502.00 . . . . . . . . .Titanium 0.01 maxD0.01 maxD0.01 maxD0.01 0.0150.035 0.015 max 0.030 maxCopper . . . 0.10 maxD. . . . . . . . . 0.25 max 0.20 maxCalcium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.00050.0150 0.015 maxEZirconium 0.01 maxD0.01 maxD0.01 maxD0.01 . . .T

45、in . . . 0.010 maxD. . . . .Antimony . . . 0.003 maxD. . . . .Arsenic . . . 0.010 maxD. . . . .AWhere ellipses (.) appear in this table, there is no requirement, and the element need neither be analyzed for nor reported.BThe present Grade F5A (0.25 %, maximum carbon) previous to 1955 was assigned th

46、e identification symbol F5. Identification symbol F5 has been assigned to the0.15 %, maximum, carbon grade to be consistent with ASTM specifications for other products such as pipe, tubing, bolting, welding, fittings, etc.CColumbium (Cb) and Niobium (Nb) are alternate names for Element 41 in the Per

47、iodic Table of the Elements.DApplies to both heat and product analyses.EFor Grade F22V, rare earth metals (REM) may be added in place of calcium subject to agreement between the producer and the purchaser. In that case the total amountof REM shall be determined and reported.A336/A336M 18a48.1.3, the

48、 tension test specimens shall be taken from a locationthat represents the midwall of the heaviest section of theproduction forgings. When specimens are required from oppo-site ends, they shall be taken from the diagonal corners of anaxial plane.Alternatively, and when specified by the purchaser,the

49、specimens shall be taken in accordance with Supplemen-tary Requirement S3.8.1.1.2 For liquid quenched and tempered forgings, the testspecimens shall have their longitudinal axis at least14 T of themaximum heat-treated thickness from any surface and with themid-length of the specimens at least one T from any secondsurface. This is norma