ASTM A36 A36M-2008 Standard Specification for Carbon Structural Steel《碳素结构钢标准规范》.pdf

1、Designation: A 36/A 36M 08Standard Specification forCarbon Structural Steel1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 36/A 36M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in pare

2、ntheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification2covers carbon steel shapes, plates,and bars of s

3、tructural quality for use in riveted, bolted, orwelded construction of bridges and buildings, and for generalstructural purposes.1.2 Supplementary requirements are provided for use whereadditional testing or additional restrictions are required by thepurchaser. Such requirements apply only when spec

4、ified in thepurchase order.1.3 When the steel is to be welded, a welding proceduresuitable for the grade of steel and intended use or service is tobe utilized. See Appendix X3 of Specification A 6/A 6M forinformation on weldability.1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI unitsare to b

5、e regarded separately as standard. Within the text, theSI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in eachsystem are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system is tobe used independently of the other, without combining valuesin any way.1.5 The text of this specification contains notes or fo

6、otnotes,or both, that provide explanatory material. Such notes andfootnotes, excluding those in tables and figures, do not containany mandatory requirements.1.6 For structural products produced from coil and fur-nished without heat treatment or with stress relieving only, theadditional requirements,

7、 including additional testing require-ments and the reporting of additional test results, of A 6/A 6Mapply.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A 6/A 6M Specification for General Requirements forRolled Structural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and SheetPilingA 27/A 27M Specification for Steel Cas

8、tings, Carbon, forGeneral ApplicationA 307 Specification for Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs, 60000 PSI Tensile StrengthA 325 Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, HeatTreated, 120/105 ksi Minimum Tensile StrengthA 325M Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, HeatTreated 830 MPa Minimum Tensile

9、 Strength MetricA 500 Specification for Cold-Formed Welded and SeamlessCarbon Steel Structural Tubing in Rounds and ShapesA 501 Specification for Hot-Formed Welded and SeamlessCarbon Steel Structural TubingA 502 Specification for Rivets, Steel, StructuralA 563 Specification for Carbons and Alloy Ste

10、el NutsA 563M Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts(Metric)A 668/A 668M Specification for Steel Forgings, Carbonand Alloy, for General Industrial UseA 1011/A 1011M Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip,Hot-Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy,High-Strength Low-Alloy with Im

11、proved Formability, andUltra-High StrengthA 1018/A 1018M Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip,Heavy-Thickness Coils, Hot-Rolled, Carbon, Commercial,Drawing, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy, High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability, andUltra-High StrengthF 568M Specification for Carb

12、on andAlloy Steel ExternallyThreaded Metric Fasteners (Metric)F 1554 Specification for Anchor Bolts, Steel, 36, 55, and105-ksi Yield Strength3. Appurtenant Materials3.1 When components of a steel structure are identified withthis ASTM designation but the product form is not listed in thescope of thi

13、s specification, the material shall conform to one ofthe standards listed in Table 1 unless otherwise specified by thepurchaser.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.02 on St

14、ructural Steel for Bridges, Buildings, Rolling Stock and Ships.Current edition approved May 15, 2008. Published June 2008. Originallyapproved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as A 36/A 36M 05.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Applications, see related Specifi-cations SA-36 in

15、Section II of that Code.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appear

16、s at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4. General Requirements for Delivery4.1 Structural products furnished under this specificationshall conform to the requirements of the current edition ofSpe

17、cification A 6/A 6M, for the specific structural productordered, unless a conflict exists in which case this specificationshall prevail.4.2 Coils are excluded from qualification to this specifica-tion until they are processed into a finished structural product.Structural products produced from coil

18、means structural prod-ucts that have been cut to individual lengths from a coil. Theprocessor directly controls, or is responsible for, the operationsinvolved in the processing of a coil into a finished structuralproduct. Such operations include decoiling, leveling orstraightening, hot-forming or co

19、ld-forming (if applicable),cutting to length, testing, inspection, conditioning, heat treat-ment (if applicable), packaging, marking, loading for shipment,and certification.NOTE 1For structural products produced from coil and furnishedwithout heat treatment or with stress relieving only, two test re

20、sults are tobe reported for each qualifying coil. Additional requirements regardingstructural products produced from coil are described in SpecificationA 6/A 6M.5. Bearing Plates5.1 Unless otherwise specified, plates used as bearing platesfor bridges shall be subjected to mechanical tests and shallc

21、onform to the tensile requirements of Section 8.5.2 Unless otherwise specified, mechanical tests shall not berequired for plates over 112 in. 40 mm in thickness used asbearing plates in structures other than bridges, subject to therequirement that they shall contain 0.20 to 0.33 % carbon byheat anal

22、ysis, that the chemical composition shall conform tothe requirements of Table 2 in phosphorus and sulfur content,and that a sufficient discard shall be made to secure soundplates.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 The steel for plates and bars over12 in. 12.5 mm inthickness and shapes with flange or le

23、g thicknesses over 1 in.25 mm shall be semi-killed or killed.7. Chemical Composition7.1 The heat analysis shall conform to the requirementsprescribed in Table 2, except as specified in 5.2.7.2 The steel shall conform on product analysis to therequirements prescribed in Table 2, subject to the produc

24、tanalysis tolerances in Specification A 6/A 6M.8. Tension Test8.1 The material as represented by the test specimen, exceptas specified in 5.2 and 8.2, shall conform to the requirements asto the tensile properties prescribed in Table 3.8.2 Shapes less than 1 in.2645 mm2 in cross section andbars, othe

25、r than flats, less than12 in. 12.5 mm in thickness ordiameter need not be subjected to tension tests by the manu-facturer, provided that the chemical composition used isappropriate for obtaining the tensile properties in Table 3.9. Keywords9.1 bars; bolted construction; bridges; buildings; carbon;pl

26、ates; riveted construction; shapes; steel; structural steel;welded constructionTABLE 1 Appurtenant Material SpecificationsNOTE 1The specifier should be satisfied of the suitability of thesematerials for the intended application. Chemical composition or mechani-cal properties, or both, may be differe

27、nt than specified in A 36/A 36M.Material ASTM DesignationSteel rivets A 502, Grade 1Bolts A 307,GradeAorF 568M, Class 4.6High-strength bolts A 325 or A 325MSteel nuts A 563 or A 563MCast steel A 27/A 27M, Grade 6535 450240Forgings (carbon steel) A 668/A 668M, Class DHot-rolled sheets and strip A 101

28、1/A 1011M, SS Grade 36 250 Type1orType2orA 1018/A 1018M,SSGrade 36 250Cold-formed tubing A 500, Grade BHot-formed tubing A 501Anchor bolts F 1554, Grade 36TABLE 2 Chemical RequirementsNOTE 1Where “. . .” appears in this table, there is no requirement. The heat analysis for manganese shall be determi

29、ned and reported as describedin the heat analysis section of Specification A 6/A 6M.Product ShapesAPlatesBBarsBThickness, in. mm AllTo3420,inclOver34to 11220to40,inclOver 112to 21240to65,inclOver 212to 465 to 100,inclOver 4100To3420,inclOver34to 11220to40,inclOver 112to 4100,inclOver 4100Carbon, max

30、, % 0.26 0.25 0.25 0.26 0.27 0.29 0.26 0.27 0.28 0.29Manganese, % . . 0.801.20 0.801.20 0.851.20 0.851.20 . 0.600.90 0.600.90 0.600.90Phosphorus, max, % 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04Sulfur, max, % 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05Silicon, % 0.40 max 0.40 max 0.40

31、max 0.150.40 0.150.40 0.150.40 0.40 max 0.40 max 0.40 max 0.40 maxCopper, min, % when cop-per steel is specified0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20AManganese content of 0.851.35 % and silicon content of 0.150.40 % is required for shapes with flange thickness over 3 in. 75 mm.BFor each

32、reduction of 0.01 percentage point below the specified carbon maximum, an increase of 0.06 percentage point manganese above the specified maximumwill be permitted, up to the maximum of 1.35 %.A 36/A 36M 082SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThese requirements shall not apply unless specified in the order.Sta

33、ndardized supplementary requirements for use at the option of the purchaser are listed inSpecification A 6/A 6M. Those that are considered suitable for use with this specification are listed bytitle:S5. Charpy V-Notch Impact Test.S30. Charpy V-Notch Impact Test for Structural Shapes:Alternate Core L

34、ocationS32. Single Heat BundlesS32.1 Bundles containing shapes or bars shall be from asingle heat of steel.In addition, the following optional supplementaryrequirement is also suitable for use with this specification:S97. Limitation on Rimmed or Capped SteelS97.1 The steel shall be other than rimmed

35、 or capped.SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(A 36/A 36M 05) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved May 15, 2008.)(1) Added information to Table 1 on forgings (carbon steel)and anchor bolts.ASTM Internati

36、onal takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely thei

37、r own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should b

38、e addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standard

39、s, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-

40、9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).TABLE 3 Tensile RequirementsAPlates, Shapes,Band Bars:Tensile strength, ksi MPa 5880 400550Yield point, min, ksi MPa 36 250CPlates and Bars:D,EElongation in 8 in. 200 mm, min, % 20Elongation in 2

41、 in. 50 mm, min, % 23Shapes:Elongation in 8 in. 200 mm, min, % 20Elongation in 2 in. 50 mm, min, % 21BASee the Orientation subsection in the Tension Tests section of SpecificationA6/A6M.BFor wide flange shapes with flange thickness over 3 in. 75 mm, the 80 ksi550 MPa maximum tensile strength does no

42、t apply and a minimum elongation in2 in. 50 mm of 19 % applies.CYield point 32 ksi 220 MPa for plates over 8 in. 200 mm in thickness.DElongation not required to be determined for floor plate.EFor plates wider than 24 in. 600 mm, the elongation requirement is reducedtwo percentage points. See the Elongation Requirement Adjustments subsectionunder the Tension Tests section of Specification A6/A6M.A 36/A 36M 083