ASTM A407-2007 Standard Specification for Steel Wire Cold-Drawn for Coiled-Type Springs《螺旋型弹簧用冷拉钢丝的标准规范》.pdf

1、Designation: A 407 07Standard Specification forSteel Wire, Cold-Drawn, for Coiled-Type Springs1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 407; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A

2、number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers round, cold-drawn, steel springwire having properties and quality intended for the manufac-ture of the follo

3、wing types of upholstery springs:1.1.1 Type ACoiled (Marshall pack),1.1.2 Type BCoiled and knotted,1.1.3 Type CCoiled and knotted (offset style),1.1.4 Type DCoiled and hooked (single and cross heli-cals),1.1.5 Type ECoiled and hooked (short tensionregulartensile strength),1.1.6 Type FCoiled and hook

4、ed (short tensionhightensile strength),1.1.7 Type GRegular lacing,1.1.8 Type HAutomatic lacing,1.1.9 Type IZig-zag (U-formed),1.1.10 Type JSquare-formed, and1.1.11 Type KSinuous for furniture spring units.1.2 These types of upholstery springs are used in themanufacture of automotive seat springs, fu

5、rniture springs, bedspring units, mattresses, furniture cushions, and automobileseats. This wire is not intended for the manufacture ofmechanical springs.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA 700 Practices for Packaging

6、 Marking, and LoadingMethods for Steel Products for ShipmentE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications2.2 AIAG Standard:AIAGB-5 02.00 Primary Metals Identification Tag Applica-tion Standard33. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for material under

7、this specification shouldinclude the following information for each ordered item:3.1.1 Quantity (weight),3.1.2 Name of material (name of specific type required)(Section 1 and Table 1),3.1.3 Diameter (Table 2),3.1.4 Packaging, marking, and loading (Section 12),3.1.5 ASTM designation and date of issue

8、 and3.1.6 Heat (cast) analysis (if desired).NOTE 1A typical ordering description is as follows: 50 000 lb15 000 kg, cold-drawn upholstery spring wire Type B for coiling andknotting, size 0.080 in. 2.0 mm, 1500-lb 700 kg coils on tubularcarriers to ASTM A 407 dated.4. Manufacture4.1 The steel shall

9、be made by any of the followingprocesses: open-hearth, basic-oxygen, or electric-furnace.4.2 A sufficient discard shall be made to ensure freedomfrom injurious piping and undue segregation.4.3 The wire shall be cold-drawn to produce the desiredmechanical properties.5. Chemical Composition5.1 Upholst

10、ery spring wire for coiled-type springs is cus-tomarily produced within the chemical ranges shown below.Chemical composition and processing may vary depending onthe gage of wire and specific use.Carbon, % 0.45 to 0.70AManganese, %, 0.60 to 1.20APhosphorus, max, % 0.040Sulfur, max, % 0.050AIn any lot

11、 in which all the wire is of the same size and type, and submitted forinspection at the same time, the carbon content shall not vary more than 0.20 %,and the manganese content shall not vary more than 0.30 %.5.2 An analysis of each heat (cast) shall be made by theproducer to determine the percentage

12、 of elements specified1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.03 on Steel Rod and Wire.Current edition approved May 1, 2007. Published June 2007. Originallyapproved in 1957. La

13、st previous edition approved in 2004 as A 407 93 (2004).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Avai

14、lable from Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG), 26200 Lahser Rd.,Suite 200, Southfield, MI 48033-7100, www.aiag.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.above. The analysis shall be made from a test sample prefer-ably

15、taken during the pouring of the heat (cast). The chemicalcomposition thus determined shall be reported to the purchaseror his representative upon request.6. Mechanical Properties6.1 Tension Test:6.1.1 RequirementsThe material as represented by tensiontest specimens shall conform to the requirements

16、prescribed inTable 1 for the various sizes and specified types.6.1.2 Number of TestsOne test specimen shall be taken foreach ten coils, or fraction thereof, in a lot. Each heat in a givenlot shall be tested.6.1.3 Location of TestsTest specimens shall be taken fromeither end of the coil.6.1.4 Test Me

17、thodThe tension test shall be made inaccordance with Test Methods and Definitions A 370.6.2 Wrap Test:6.2.1 RequirementsThe wire for zig-zag-type and forsquare-formed-type springs for automobile seat and backspring units, except that for coiled-type springs Type A(Marshall pack), shall wrap on itsel

18、f as an arbor withoutbreakage. The wire for sinuous-type furniture spring units shallwrap on a mandrel twice the diameter of the wire withoutbreakage. The wire shall wrap on itself as an arbor withoutbreakage.6.2.2 Number of TestsOne test specimen shall be taken foreach ten coils, or fraction thereo

19、f, in a lot. Each heat in a givenlot shall be tested.6.2.3 Location of TestsTest specimens shall be taken fromeither end of the coil.6.2.4 Test MethodThe wrap test shall be made in accor-dance with Supplement IV of Test Methods and DefinitionsA 370.TABLE 1 Tensile Strength RequirementsADiameter,in.

20、mmWireGageTensile Strength, ksi MPamin maxType A, Marshall Pack0.048 1.2 18 255 1800 295 20600.054 1.4 17 250 1760 290 20100.062 1.6 16 250 1710 290 19500.072 1.8 15 240 1680 280 19200.080 2.0 14 230 1650 270 18900.092 2.4 13 225 1610 265 18300.106 2.8 12 220 1560 260 1780Type B, Coiled and Knotted0

21、062 1.6 16 235 1550 270 17900.072 1.8 15 230 1530 265 17700.080 2.0 14 225 1500 260 17400.092 2.4 13 215 1460 250 16800.106 2.6 12 205 1420 235 16400.120 3.0 11 195 1380 225 16000.135 3.5 10 190 1350 220 15600.148 3.8 9 185 1300 215 15300.162 4.2 8 180 1300 210 1500Type C, Coiled and Knotted (Offse

22、t Type)0.072 1.8 15 215 1450 245 16900.080 2.0 14 210 1430 240 16700.092 2.4 13 200 1390 230 16100.106 2.6 12 195 1360 225 1580Type D, Coiled and Hooked (Cross Helicals)0.048 1.2 18 215 1490 255 17500.054 1.4 17 210 1440 250 17000.062 1.6 16 210 1410 250 1650Type E, Coiled and Hooked (Short Tension,

23、 Regular Tensile Strength)0.080 2.0 14 200 1410 240 16500.092 2.4 13 200 1360 240 15800.106 2.6 12 195 1330 235 1550Type F, Coiled and Hooked (Short Tension, High Tensile Strength)0.080 2.0 14 225 1550 260 17900.092 2.4 13 220 1520 255 17400.106 2.6 12 215 1490 250 1710Type G, Regular Lacing Wire0.0

24、41 1.0 19 235 1640 275 19100.048 1.2 18 230 1600 270 18600.054 1.4 17 225 1560 265 18100.062 1.6 16 225 1520 265 1760Type H, Automatic Lacing Wire0.041 1.0 19 250 1740 290 20200.048 1.2 18 245 1700 285 19600.054 1.4 17 240 1660 280 19100.062 1.6 16 235 1620 275 1860Type I, Zig-Zag Type Automobile Se

25、at and Back Spring UnitsClass I Class II0.092 2.4 13 220 1520 250 1720 230 1590 260 18000.106 2.6 12 215 1480 245 1690 225 1550 255 17600.120 3.0 11 210 1450 240 1660 215 1480 245 16900.135 3.5 10 205 1410 235 1620 210 1450 240 16600.148 3.8 9 200 1380 230 1590 205 1410 235 16200.162 4.2 8 190 1310

26、220 1520 200 1380 230 1590Type J, Square-Formed Type Automobile Seat and Back Spring UnitsClass I Class II0.092 2.4 13 215 1480 245 1690 225 1550 255 17600.106 2.6 12 210 1450 240 1660 220 1520 250 17200.120 3.0 11 205 1410 235 1620 215 1480 245 16900.135 3.5 10 200 1380 230 1590 210 1450 240 16600.

27、148 3.8 9 190 1310 220 1520 200 1380 230 15900.162 4.2 8 180 1240 210 1450 190 1310 220 1520TABLE 1 ContinuedDiameter,in. mmWireGageTensile Strength, ksi MPamin maxType K, Sinuous Type Furniture Spring Units0.092 2.4 13 235 1660 270 18600.106 2.6 12 235 1620 265 18300.120 3.0 11 230 1590 260 18000.1

28、35 3.5 10 225 1550 255 17600.148 3.8 9 220 1520 250 17200.162 4.2 8 215 1480 245 16900.177 4.5 7 210 1450 240 16600.192 5.0 6 207 1430 237 1630ATensile strength values for diameters not shown in this table shall conform tothat shown for the next larger diameter (for example, for diameter 0.128 in. 3

29、25mm the value shall be the same as for 0.135 in. 3.42 mm).TABLE 2 Permissible Variations in Wire DiameterNOTEFor purposes of determining conformance with this specifica-tion, all specified limits are absolute as defined in Practice E29.Diameter, in. mm Variations, plus andminus, in. mmPermissible

30、Out-of-Round, in. mmSizes finer than 0.076 2.0 0.001 0.02 0.001 0.02Sizes 0.076 2.0 to 0.162 4.2, incl 0.002 0.05 0.002 0.05Sizes 0.092 2.2 to 0.192 5.2 0.002 0.05 0.002 0.05A4070727. Dimensions and Permissible Variations7.1 The diameter of the wire shall not vary from thatspecified by more than the

31、 tolerances specified in Table 2.8. Workmanship8.1 Surface ConditionThe surface of the wire as receivedshall be smooth and have a uniform finish suitable for coilingor shaping the various types of springs. No serious die marks,scratches, or seams may be present.8.2 The wire shall be properly cast. T

32、o test for cast, a fewconvolutions of wire shall be cut from the coil and allowed tofall on a flat surface. The wire shall lie substantially flat onitself and shall not spring up and show a wavy condition.8.3 Each coil shall be one continuous length of wire,properly coiled. Welds made prior to cold

33、drawing are permit-ted. Weld areas need not meet the mechanical requirements ofthis specification.9. Retests9.1 If any test specimen exhibits obvious defects or showsthe presence of a weld, it may be discarded and anotherspecimen substituted.10. Inspection10.1 The manufacturer shall afford the purch

34、asers inspectorall reasonable facilities necessary to satisfy him that thematerial is being produced and furnished in accordance withthis specification. Mill inspection by the purchaser shall notinterfere unnecessarily with the manufacturers operations. Alltests and inspections shall be made at the

35、place of manufacture,unless otherwise agreed to.11. Rejection and Rehearing11.1 Unless otherwise specified, any rejection based on testsmade in accordance with this specification shall be reported tothe manufacturer within a reasonable length of time.11.2 Failure of any of the test specimens to comp

36、ly with therequirements of this specification shall constitute grounds forrejection of the lot represented by the specimen. The lot may beresubmitted for inspection by testing every coil for the char-acteristic in which the specimen failed and sorting out thedefective coils.11.3 The material must be

37、 adequately protected and cor-rectly identified in order that the producer may make properinvestigation.12. Packaging, Marking, and Loading12.1 Packaging of the coils of wire shall be by agreementbetween the producer and the purchaser. This agreement shallinclude coil dimensions and weights.12.2 Whe

38、n specified, the packaging, marking, and loadingshall be in accordance with Practices A 700.12.3 Marking shall be by a tag securely attached to each coilof wire and shall show the identity of the producer, size of thewire, type, and ASTM specification designation.12.4 Bar CodingIn addition to the pr

39、eviously-stated iden-tification requirements, bar coding is acceptable as a supple-mentary identification method. Bar coding should be consistentwith AIAG Standard AIAGB-5 02.00, Primary Metals Identi-fication Tag Application. The bar code may be applied to asubstantially affixed tag.13. Keywords13.

40、1 coiled-type; cold-drawn; sinuous; springs; square-formed; upholstery; wire; zig-zagASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of th

41、e validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. You

42、r comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments

43、 have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).A407073