ASTM A434-2006 Standard Specification for Steel Bars Alloy Hot-Wrought or Cold-Finished Quenched and Tempered《热锻或冷精轧经淬火及回火的合金钢棒标准规范》.pdf

1、Designation: A 434 06Standard Specification forSteel Bars, Alloy, Hot-Wrought or Cold-Finished, Quenchedand Tempered1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 434; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the yea

2、r of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers hot-

3、wrought and cold-finishedquenched and tempered alloy steel bars.1.2 Hot-wrought bars are available in three strength levelclasses designated BB, BC, and BD, and cold-finished bars intwo strength level classes designated BB and BC. The bars areavailable in the conditions specified in 4.4 subject to t

4、he sizelimitations shown.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 29/A 29M Specif

5、ication for Steel Bars, Carbon andAlloy,Hot-Wrought, General Requirements forA 108 Specification for Steel Bar, Carbon and Alloy, Cold-FinishedA 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsE112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size3. Ordering Information3.1 Orde

6、rs for material under this specification shouldinclude the following information:3.1.1 Quantity (weight or number of pieces),3.1.2 Name of material (heat-treated alloy steel bars),3.1.3 Method of finish (condition) (4.4),3.1.4 Dimensions, including length (if hot-wrought bars arefor cold finishing,

7、the cold-finished size should also be speci-fied),3.1.5 ASTM designation and date of issue,3.1.6 Chemical composition grade (Section 5),3.1.7 Strength class (Table 1),3.1.8 Test report, if required (Section 11),3.1.9 Supplementary Requirements or Special Require-ments, if required, and3.1.10 End use

8、.NOTE 1A typical ordering description is as follows: 10 000 lb,Heat-Treated Alloy Steel Bars, Hot Rolled, 1.000 in. diameter 3 10 ft,ASTM A 434 dated _, Grade 4140, Class BB, Test Report Required,Motor Shafts.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 Melting PracticeThe steel shall be made by one ormore of th

9、e following primary processes: open-hearth, basic-oxygen, or electric-furnace. The primary melting may incor-porate separate degassing or refining and may be followed bysecondary melting using electroslag remelting or vacuum arcremelting. Where secondary melting is employed, the heatshall be defined

10、 as all of the ingots remelted from a singleprimary heat.4.2 DiscardSufficient discard shall be made to securefreedom from injurious piping and undue segregation.4.3 Slow CoolingHot-wrought alloy bars shall, immedi-ately after rolling, be allowed to cool to a temperature belowthe critical range unde

11、r suitable conditions to prevent injury bytoo rapid cooling.4.4 ConditionBars shall be furnished in one of the fol-lowing conditions, as specified by the purchaser. Generally,size limits for various methods of processing round bars are:Hot-wrought or hot-wrought descaled912 in. (241.3 mm), maxCold-d

12、rawn18 to 4 in. (3.2 to 102 mm), inclCold-drawn, ground, and pol-ished18 to 4 in. (3.2 to 102 mm), inclTurned and polished34 to 9 in. (19.1 to 229 mm),inclTurned, ground, and polished34 to 9 in. (19.1 to 229 mm),incl4.5 Heat Treatment:4.5.1 Heat treatment shall include quenching and temperingfor all

13、 classes of material. The material shall be uniformlyheated to the austenitizing temperature, soaked for a sufficient1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.15 on Bars.Current

14、edition approved May 1, 2006. Published May 2006. Originallyapproved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as A 434 04.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume informati

15、on, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.length of time to produce the desired structure (a

16、lot thusheated being known as a “quenching charge”), and quenched ina suitable medium under substantially uniform conditions foreach quenching charge. The material shall then be uniformlyreheated to the proper temperature for tempering (a lot thusreheated being known as a “tempering charge”), and al

17、lowed tocool uniformly. The temperature selected for tempering shallbe not less than 800F (427C).4.5.2 Material cold drawn after heat treatment shall be stressrelieved, when this is necessary, in order to meet the specifiedmechanical properties.4.5.3 Cold-finished bars may be stress relieved afterst

18、raightening.4.5.4 For heat-treated hot-wrought bars, where it is desir-able to minimize internal stresses introduced by machinestraightening, the purchaser may specify a stress relief as afinal operation.4.5.5 If warpage occurs in the stress-relieving operation, thebars may be restraightened without

19、 further stress-relieving,provided they meet the required mechanical properties.5. Chemical Composition5.1 The grade of steel furnished shall be specified by thepurchaser and shall be selected from the standard alloy gradesin Table 2 of Specification A 29/A 29M, or to such othercompositions as may b

20、e specified using the ranges and limits inTable 4 of Specification A 29/A 29M.5.2 In all cases, the grade specified shall be capable ofdeveloping the required mechanical properties. If, in theopinion of the manufacturer, the grade specified is not capableof developing the mechanical properties, the

21、manufacturershall notify the purchaser and whenever possible suggest analternative grade.5.3 Representative grade types listed for the respectiveclasses and bar sizes in Table 1 are for information only.6. Grain Size6.1 RequirementThe bars shall have an austenitic grainsize of 5 and finer. The grain

22、 structure shall be consideredsatisfactory if 70 % is within the specified size limits.6.2 SpecimensGrain size specimens shall be taken inaccordance with Test Methods E112.6.3 Number of TestsNot less than one grain size test shallbe made per heat.6.4 Test MethodGrain size shall be determined in acco

23、r-dance with the Comparison Method of Test Methods E112.7. Mechanical Properties7.1 RequirementsThe material, as represented by testspecimens, shall conform to the tensile properties in Table 1 forthe class specified.7.2 Specimens:7.2.1 Test specimens shall be taken longitudinally after finalprocess

24、ing.7.2.2 Test specimens shall be selected from the locationsand prepared for testing as specified in Test Methods andDefinitions A 370.7.3 Number of TestsOne tension test shall be made fromeach tempering or stress-relieving charge. If more than onequenching charge is represented, one tension test s

25、hall be madefrom each quenching charge. If more than one heat is repre-sented in a quenching charge, one tension test shall be madefrom each heat and size. For continuous-type treatment, onetension test shall be made for each 25 tons (22.7 Mg) of eachheat or size.7.4 Test MethodTension tests shall b

26、e made in accordancewith Test Methods and DefinitionsA 370 using the 0.2 % offsetmethod when determining yield strength.TABLE 1 Tensile PropertiesNOTEThe mechanical properties of hot-wrought bars ordered for cold finishing, shall be governed by the cold-finished size.Class Diameter, in. (mm) Yield S

27、trength, min,ksi (MPa)ATensile Strength,min, ksi (MPa)Elongationin 2 in. or50 mm,min, %Reductionof Area,min, %SAE or AISI Repre-sentative GradeTypesB112 (38.1) and under 90 (620) 110 (760) 20 5063100, 4100,Over 112 to 212 (38.1 to 63.5), incl 80 (550) 105 (720) 20 50 8600, 8700BBCOver 212 to 4 (63.5

28、 to 114), incl 75 (520) 100 (690) 20 50Over 4 to 7 (114 to 178), incl 75 (520) 95 (660) 20 50Over 7 to 912 (178 to 241.3), incl 65 (450) 90 (620) 18 40112 (38.1) and under 110 (760) 130 (900) 16 50J3100, 4100, 6100,Over 112 to 212 (38.1 to 63.5), incl 105 (720) 125 (860) 16 50 8600, 8700BCCOver 212

29、to 4 (63.5 to 114), incl 95 (660) 115 (790) 16 45Over 4 to 7 (114 to 178), incl 85 (590) 110 (760) 16 45J3100, 4100Over 7 to 912 (178 to 241.3), incl 80 (550) 105 (720) 15 40 4300, 9800112 (38.1) and under 130 (900) 155 (1070) 14 3564100, 4300,Over 112 to 212 (38.1 to 63.5), incl 120 (830) 150 (1030

30、) 14 35 9800BDCOver 212 to 4 (63.5 to 114), incl 110 (760) 140 (960) 14 35Over 4 to 7 (114 to 178), incl 105 (720) 135 (930) 14 35Over 7 to 912 (178 to 241.3), incl 100 (690) 130 (900) 14 35AThe carbon content of all steels listed in this column may vary up to 0.55 % max, as agreed upon by the manuf

31、acturer and the purchaser.BDetermined by the 0.2 % offset method.CClass BB, BC, BD hot-wrought; Class BB, BC cold-finished.A4340628. Permissible Variation of Dimensions8.1 Special StraightnessUnless otherwise specified, allmaterial shall be supplied to a straightness tolerance of18 in.(3.18 mm) in a

32、ny 5 ft (1.5 m), but may not exceed thefollowing:Maximum straightness deviation, in. 5 1/8 3length in feet/5!9. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance9.1 WorkmanshipThe bars shall be free of pipe, cracks,and flakes. Within the limits of good manufacturing andinspection practices, the bars shall be free

33、 of injurious seams,laps, segregation, or other imperfections which, due to theirnature, degree, or extent, will interfere with the use of thematerial in machining or fabrication of suitable parts.9.2 OilingUnless otherwise specified, hot-wrought des-caled bars and cold-finished bars shall be given

34、a surfacecoating of oil or other rust inhibitor to protect against rustduring shipment.10. General Requirements10.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-form to the applicable requirements for the current edition ofSpecification A 29/A 29M or Specification A 108.11. Certification an

35、d Report of Testing11.1 When specified by the purchaser, a manufacturerscertification that the material was manufactured and tested inaccordance with this specification together with a report of theheat analysis, grain size, and tensile requirement test resultsshall be furnished. The report shall in

36、clude the name of themanufacturer, ASTM designation number and yeardate andrevision letter, if any, grade, class, heat number, and size.11.2 When Supplementary Requirement S1 is specified, thereport shall include a statement of compliance with therequirement or the results of tests when the requirem

37、entinvolves measured test values.12. Keywords12.1 alloy steel bars; cold-finished steel bars; hot-wroughtsteel bars; quenched and tempered steel bars; steel barsSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThe following supplementary requirement shall be applied only when specified by the purchaser inthe inquiry, cont

38、ract, or order. Details of this supplementary requirement shall be agreed upon inwriting by the manufacturer and purchaser. Supplementary requirements shall in no way negate anyrequirements of the specification itself.S1. Hardness TestS1.1 Maximum surface Brinell hardness, if specified by thepurchas

39、er, shall be as agreed upon between the manufacturerand the purchaser.SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue, A 434 04,that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved May 1, 2006.)(1) Changed wording in Section 6.1.AS

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43、 on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).A434063