1、Designation: A 490M 04ae1METRICStandard Specification forHigh-Strength Steel Bolts, Classes 10.9 and 10.9.3, forStructural Steel Joints Metric1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 490M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in th
2、e case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.e1NOTESections 2
3、.2 and 4.1.9 were editorially revised in October 2006.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers two types of quenched andtempered alloy steel, metric heavy hex structural bolts havinga tensile strength of 1040 to 1210 MPa.1.2 These bolts are intended for use in structural connec-tions comparable to tho
4、se covered under the requirements ofthe Specification for Structural Joints Using ASTM A 325 andA 490 bolts, approved by the Research Council on StructuralConnections; endorsed by the American Institute of SteelConstruction and by the Industrial Fastener Institute.21.3 The bolts are furnished in nom
5、inal bolt diameters M12to M36, inclusive. They are designated by type denotingchemical composition as follows:Type DescriptionType 1 Medium carbon alloy steelType 2 Withdrawn in 2002Type 3 Weathering steel1.4 This specification is applicable to metric heavy hexstructural bolts and alternate designs
6、as established by theResearch Council in its publication, Specification for StructuralJoints Using ASTM A 325 and A 490 bolts.1.5 For inch-pound bolts, see Specification A 490.1.6 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to theTest Methods portion, Section 13, of this specification: Thissta
7、ndard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 AS
8、TM Standards:3A 325 Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, HeatTreated, 120/105 ksi Minimum Tensile StrengthA 490 Specification for Structural Bolts, Alloy Steel, HeatTreated, 150 ksi Minimum Tensile StrengthA 490M Specification for High-Strength Steel Bolts,Classes 10.9 and 10.9.3, for Structur
9、al Steel Joints MetricA 563M Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel NutsMetricA 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology forChemical Analysis of Steel ProductsD 3951 Practice for Commercial PackagingE 384 Test Method for Microindentation Hardness of Ma-terialsE 709 Guide for Magnetic Particle
10、ExaminationE 1444 Practice for Magnetic Particle TestingF 436M Specification for Hardened Steel Washers MetricF 568M Specification for Carbon andAlloy Steel ExternallyThreaded Metric FastenersF 606M Test Methods for Determining the MechanicalProperties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners
11、,Washers, and Rivets MetricF 788/F 788M Specification for Surface Discontinuities ofBolts, Screws, and Studs, Inch and Metric SeriesF 959M Specification for Compressible-Washer-Type Di-rect Tension Indicators for Use With Structural FastenersMetricF 1470 Guide for Fastener Sampling for Specified Mec
12、hani-cal Properties and Performance InspectionF 1789 Terminology for F16 Mechanical Fasteners1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 onFasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02 on Steel Bolts,Nuts, Rivets, and Washers.Current edition approved Aug.
13、1, 2004. Published August 2004. Originallyapproved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as A 490M 04.2Available from American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC), One E.Wacker Dr., Suite 3100, Chicago, IL 60601-2001.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM webbiest, www.astm.org,
14、 orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM webbiest.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C7
15、00, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.G 101 Guide for Estimating the Atmospheric CorrosionResistance of Low-Alloy Steels2.2 ASME Standards:4B1.13M Metric Screw ThreadsB18.2.3.7M Metric Heavy Hex Structural BoltsB18.24 Part Identifying Number (PIN) Code System Stan-dard for B18 Fastener
16、 Products2.3 ISO Standards:47412 Hexagon Bolts for High Strength StructuralBolting With Large Width Across Flats (Short ThreadLength)Product Grade CProperty Classes 8.8 and 10.92.4 SAE Standards5:J121 Decarburization in Hardened and Tempered ThreadedFasteners3. Terminology3.1 Terms used in this spec
17、ification are defined in Termi-nology F 1789, unless otherwise defined herein.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for bolts under this specification shall include thefollowing (see Note 1):4.1.1 Quantity (number of pieces of bolts and accessories);4.1.2 Size, including nominal bolt diameter, thread pi
18、tch,and bolt length;4.1.3 Name of product: metric heavy hex structural bolts;4.1.4 Type of bolt (Type 1 or 3). When type is not specified,either Type 1 or Type 3 shall be furnished at the suppliersoption;4.1.5 ASTM designation and year of issue;4.1.6 Other components such as nuts, washers, and washe
19、r-type direct tension indicators, if required;4.1.7 Certification, if required (see Section 16); and4.1.8 Special requirements, if required.4.1.9 For establishment of a part identifying system, seeASME B18.24.NOTE 1A typical ordering description follows: 1000 pieces M24 3 33 100 mm long, heavy hex s
20、tructural bolt, Type 1, ASTM A 490 M 03;each with two hardened washers, ASTM F 436M, Type 1; and one heavyhex nut, ASTM A 563M, Grade DH.4.2 Recommended Nuts4.2.1 Nuts conforming to the requirements of SpecificationA 563M are the recommended nuts for use with SpecificationA 490M heavy hex structural
21、 bolts. The nuts shall be of theclass and have a surface finish for each type of bolt as follows.Bolt Type and Finish Nut Class and Finish1, plain (uncoated) A 563M10S, 10S3, plain (uncoated)3, weathering steel A 563M10S3, weathering steel4.3 Recommended Washers4.3.1 Washers conforming to Specificat
22、ion F 436M are therecommended washers for use with Specification F 490Mheavy hex structural bolts. The washers shall have a surfacefinish for each type of bolt as follows.Bolt Type and Finish Washer Finish1, plain (uncoated) plain (uncoated)3, weathering steel weathering steel4.4 Other Accessories4.
23、4.1 When compressible washer type tension indicators arespecified to be used with these bolts, they shall conform toSpecification F 959M, Type 10.9.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Heat TreatmentType 1 and Type 3 bolts shall be heattreated by quenching in oil from the austenitic temperature andthen t
24、empered by reheating to a temperature of not less than425C.5.2 ThreadingThe threads shall be cut or rolled.5.3 Protective CoatingsThe bolts shall not be coated6byhot-dip zinc coating, mechanical deposition, or electroplatingwith zinc or other metallic coatings.6. Chemical Composition6.1 Type 1 bolts
25、 shall be alloy steel conforming to thechemical composition requirements in Table 1. The steel shallcontain sufficient alloying elements to qualify it as an alloysteel (see Note 2).NOTE 2Steel is considered to be alloy, by theAmerican Iron and SteelInstitute, when the maximum of the range given for
26、the content of alloyingelements exceeds one or more of the following limits: manganese, 1.65 %;silicon, 0.60 %; copper, 0.60 %; or in which a definite range or a definiteminimum quantity of any of the following elements is specified orrequired within the limits of the recognized field of constructio
27、nal alloy4Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990.5Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 CommonwealthDr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.6For more detail see the H. E. Townsend Report “Eff
28、ects of Zinc Coatings onStress Corrosion Cracking and Hydrogen Embrittlement of Low Alloy Steel,”published in Metallurgical Transactions, Vol. 6, April 1975.TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements for Type 1 BoltsElement Heat Analysis, % ProductAnalysis, %CarbonFor sizes through M30 0.300.48 0.280.50For size
29、M36 0.350.53 0.330.55Phosphorus, max 0.040 0.045Sulfur, max 0.040 0.045Alloying Elements See 6.1 TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements for Type 3 BoltsElement Heat Analysis, % Product Analysis, %CarbonSizes M20 and smaller 0.200.53 0.190.55Sizes larger than M20. 0.300.53 0.280.55Manganese, min 0.40 0.37Phos
30、phorus, max 0.035 0.040Sulfur, max 0.040 0.045Copper 0.200.60 0.170.63Chromium, min 0.45 0.42Nickel, minor0.20 0.17Molybdenum, min 0.15 0.14A 490M 04ae12steels: aluminum, chromium up to 3.99 %, cobalt, columbium, molybde-num, nickel, titanium, tungsten, vanadium, zirconium, or any otheralloying elem
31、ents added to obtain a desired alloying effect.6.2 Type 3 bolts shall be weathering steel conforming to thechemical composition requirements in Table 2. See GuideG 101 for methods of estimating the atmospheric corrosionresistance of low alloy steel.6.3 Product analyses made on finished bolts represe
32、ntingeach lot shall conform to the product analysis requirementsspecified in Table 1 or Table 2, as applicable.6.4 Applications of heats of steel to which bismuth, sele-nium, tellurium, or lead has been intentionally added shall notbe permitted for bolts. Compliance with this requirement shallbe bas
33、ed on a statement on the steel certificate indicating thatthese elements were not intentionally added.6.5 Chemical analyses shall be performed in accordancewith Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology A 751.7. Mechanical Properties7.1 HardnessThe bolts shall conform to the hardnessspecified in Tabl
34、e 3.7.2 Tensile Properties:7.2.1 Except as permitted in 7.2.2 for long bolts and 7.2.3for short bolts, nominal bolt diameters M24 and smaller havinga length of 214 D and longer, and nominal bolt diameters largerthan M24 having a length of 3D and longer shall be wedgetested full size and shall confor
35、m to the minimum wedgetensile load, and proof load or alternative proof load specifiedin Table 4. The load achieved during proof load testing shall beequal to or greater than the specified proof load.7.2.2 When the length of the bolt makes full-size testingimpractical, machined specimens shall be te
36、sted and shallconform to the requirements specified in Table 5. When boltsare tested by both full-size and machined specimen methods,the full-size test shall take precedence.7.2.3 Nominal bolt diameters M24 and smaller having alength shorter than 214 D down to 2D inclusive, which cannotbe wedge tens
37、ile tested shall be axially tension tested full sizeand shall conform to the minimum tensile load and proof loador alternate proof load specified in Table 4. Nominal boltdiameters M24 and smaller having a length shorter than 2Dwhich cannot be axially tensile tested shall be qualified on thebasis of
38、hardness.7.2.4 For bolts on which both hardness and tension tests areperformed, acceptance based on tensile requirements shall takeprecedence in the event of low hardness readings.8. Carburization/Decarburization8.1 DefinitionThis test is intended to evaluate the pres-ence or absence of carburizatio
39、n and decarburization as deter-mined by the difference in microhardness near the surface andcore.8.2 Requirements:8.2.1 CarburizationThe bolts shall show no evidence of acarburized surface when evaluated in accordance with thehardness methods established in SAE J121.8.2.2 DecarburizationHardness val
40、ue differences shallnot exceed the requirements set forth for decarburization inSAE J121 for Class 2/3H materials.8.3 ProcedureTesting for carburization/decarburizationshall be performed in accordance with the microhardness(referee) methods established in SAE J121.9. Dimensions9.1 Head and Body:9.1.
41、1 The bolts shall conform to the dimensions for heavyhex structural bolts specified in ASME B18.2.3.7M for nomi-nal bolt diameter M16 to M36 inclusive and ISO 7412 for sizeM12.9.2 Threads:9.2.1 Threads shall Metric Coarse Thread Series as specifiedin ASME B1.13M, and shall have Grade 6g tolerance.9.
42、2.2 The thread length shall not be changed from thatspecified for heavy hex structural bolts in ASME B18.2.3.7Mand ISO 7412 in 9.1.1. Bolts requiring thread lengths otherthan those required by this specification shall be ordered underSpecification F 568M, Class 10.9 and 10.9.3.10. Workmanship10.1 Th
43、e allowable limits, inspection, and evaluation of thesurface discontinuities, quench cracks, forging cracks, headbursts, shear bursts, seams, folds, thread laps, voids, toolmarks, nicks, and gouges shall be in accordance with Specifi-cation F 788/F 788M (see Note 3).NOTE 3Specification F 788/F 788M
44、and Guide F 1470 do not guar-antee 100 % freedom from head bursts. Sampling is designed to providea 95 % confidence level of freedom from head bursts in any test lot. Headbursts, within the limits of Specification F 788/F 788M, are unsightly butdo not affect mechanical properties or functional requi
45、rements of the bolt.11. Magnetic Particle Inspection for LongitudinalDiscontinuities and Transverse Cracks11.1 Requirements:11.1.1 Each sample representative of the lot shall be mag-netic particle inspected for longitudinal discontinuities andtransverse cracks.11.1.2 The lot, as represented by the s
46、ample, shall be freefrom nonconforming bolts, as defined in 11.3, when inspectedin accordance with 11.2-11.2.4.11.2 Inspection Procedure:11.2.1 The inspection sample shall be selected at randomfrom each lot in accordance with Table 6 and examined forlongitudinal discontinuities and transverse cracks
47、.11.2.2 Magnetic particle inspection shall be conducted inaccordance with Guide E 709 or Practice E 1444. Guide E 709shall be used for referee purposes. If any nonconforming boltTABLE 3 Hardness Requirements for Bolt SizesM12 to M36 InclusiveNominal BoltDiameter, mmLengthABrinell Rockwell Cmin max m
48、in maxM12 to M24, Less than 2D 311 352 33 39inclusive 2D and longer . . . 352 . . . 39Over M24 to M36, Less than 3D 311 352 33 39inclusive 3D and longer . . . 352 . . . 39AHeavy hex structural bolts M24 and smaller and shorter than 2D are subjectonly to minimum and maximum hardness. Heavy hex struct
49、ural bolts larger thanM24 to M36 inclusive and shorter than 3D are subject only to minimum andmaximum hardness.A 490M 04ae13is found during the manufacturers examination of the lotselected in 11.2.1, the lot shall be 100 % magnetic particleinspected, and all nonconforming bolts shall be removed andscrapped or destroyed.11.2.3 Eddy current or liquid penetrant inspection shall bean acceptable substitute for the 100 % magnetic particleinspection when nonconforming bolts are found and 100 %inspection is required. On completion of the eddy
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