1、Designation: A615/A615M 09bAmerican Association State Highway andTransportation Officials StandardAASHTO No.: M 31Standard Specification forDeformed and Plain Carbon-Steel Bars for ConcreteReinforcement1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A615/A615M; the number immediately following
2、the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved fo
3、r use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers deformed and plain carbon-steel bars for concrete reinforcement in cut lengths and coils.Steel bars containing alloy additions, such as with the Ameri-can Iron and Steel Institute and the Society of AutomotiveEngin
4、eers series of alloy steels, are permitted if the resultingproduct meets all the other requirements of this specification.The standard sizes and dimensions of deformed bars and theirnumber designations are given in Table 1. The text of thisspecification references notes and footnotes which provideex
5、planatory material. These notes and footnotes (excludingthose in tables) shall not be considered as requirements of thespecification.1.2 Bars are of four minimum yield strength levels: namely,40 000 280 MPa, 60 000 420 MPa, 75 000 psi 520 MPa,and 80 000 550 MPa, designated as Grade 40 280, Grade 604
6、20, Grade 75 520, and Grade 80 550, respectively.1.3 Plain bars, in sizes up to and including 212 in. 63.5 mmin diameter in coils or cut lengths, when ordered shall befurnished under this specification in Grade 40 280, Grade 60420, Grade 75 520, and Grade 80 550. For ductilityproperties (elongation
7、and bending), test provisions of thenearest smaller nominal diameter deformed bar size shallapply. Requirements providing for deformations and markingshall not be applicable.NOTE 1Welding of the material in this specification should beapproached with caution since no specific provisions have been in
8、cludedto enhance its weldability. When steel is to be welded, a weldingprocedure suitable for the chemical composition and intended use orservice should be used. The use of the latest edition ofAWS D 1.4/D 1.4Mis recommended. This document describes the proper selection of the fillermetals and prehe
9、at/interpass temperatures, as well as performance andprocedure qualification requirements.1.4 This specification is applicable for orders in eitherinch-pound units (as Specification A615) or in SI units (asSpecification A615M).1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI unitsare to be reg
10、arded as standard. Within the text, the SI units areshown in brackets. The values stated in each system are notexact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used inde-pendently of the other. Combining values from the two systemsmay result in nonconformance with the specification.1.6 This standar
11、d does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM
12、 Standards:2A6/A6M Specification for General Requirements for RolledStructural Steel Bars, Plates, Shapes, and Sheet PilingA370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA510 Specification for General Requirements for WireRods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon SteelA510M Specif
13、ication for General Requirements for WireRods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel (Metric)A700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Meth-ods for Steel Products for ShipmentA706/A706M Specification for Low-Alloy Steel Deformedand Plain Bars for Concrete ReinforcementA751 Test Methods, Practi
14、ces, and Terminology for Chemi-cal Analysis of Steel ProductsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications2.2 AWS Standard:3AWS D 1.4/D 1.4M Structural Welding CodeReinforcingSteel1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01
15、 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.05 on Steel Reinforcement.Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2009. Published December 2009. Originallyapproved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as A615/A615M 09a.DOI: 10.1520/A0615_A0615M-0
16、9B.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Welding Society (AWS), 550 NW LeJ
17、eune Rd.,Miami, FL 33126, http:/www.aws.org.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.2.3 U.S. Military Standard:4MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage2.4
18、 U.S. Federal Standard:4Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 deformations, ntransverse protrusions on a de-formed bar.3.1.2 deformed bar, nsteel bar with protrusions; a bar thatis intended for use as reinforceme
19、nt in reinforced concreteconstruction.3.1.2.1 DiscussionThe surface of the bar is provided withlugs or protrusions that inhibit longitudinal movement of thebar relative to the concrete surrounding the bar in suchconstruction. The lugs or protusions conform to the provisionsof this specification.3.1.
20、3 plain bar, nsteel bar without protrusions.3.1.4 rib, nlongitudinal protrusion on a deformed bar.4. Ordering Information4.1 It shall be the responsibility of the purchaser to specifyall requirements that are necessary for material ordered to thisspecification. Such requirements shall include but ar
21、e notlimited to the following:4.1.1 Quantity (weight) mass,4.1.2 Name of the material (deformed and plain carbon-steel bars for concrete reinforcement),4.1.3 Size,4.1.4 Cut lengths or coils,4.1.5 Deformed or plain,4.1.6 Grade,4.1.7 Packaging (see Section 20),4.1.8 ASTM designation and year of issue,
22、 and4.1.9 Certified mill test reports (if desired). (See Section16.)5. Material and Manufacture5.1 The bars shall be rolled from properly identified heats ofmold-cast or strand-cast steel using the electric-furnace, basic-oxygen, or open-hearth process.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The chemical analysi
23、s of each heat of steel shall bedetermined in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, andTerminology A751. The manufacturer shall make the analysison test samples taken preferably during the pouring of the heat.The percentages of carbon, manganese, phosphorus, and sulfurshall be determined. The pho
24、sphorus content thus determinedshall not exceed 0.06 %.6.2 Aproduct check, for phosphorus, made by the purchasershall not exceed that specified in 6.1 by more than 25 %.7. Requirements for Deformations7.1 Deformations shall be spaced along the bar at substan-tially uniform distances. The deformation
25、s on opposite sides ofthe bar shall be similar in size, shape, and pattern.7.2 The deformations shall be placed with respect to the axisof the bar so that the included angle is not less than 45. Wherethe line of deformations forms an included angle with the axisof the bar from 45 to 70 inclusive, th
26、e deformations shallalternately reverse in direction on each side, or those on oneside shall be reversed in direction from those on the oppositeside. Where the line of deformations is over 70, a reversal indirection shall not be required.7.3 The average spacing or distance between deformationson eac
27、h side of the bar shall not exceed seven tenths of thenominal diameter of the bar.7.4 The overall length of deformations shall be such that thegap (measured as a chord) between the ends of the deforma-tions shall not exceed 12.5 % of the nominal perimeter of thebar. Where the ends terminate in a rib
28、, the width of the rib shallbe considered as the gap between these ends. The summationof the gaps shall not exceed 25 % of the nominal perimeter ofthe bar. The nominal perimeter of the bar shall be 3.1416 timesthe nominal diameter.7.5 The spacing, height, and gap of deformations shallconform to the
29、requirements prescribed in Table 1.4Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:/www.dodssp.daps.mil.TABLE 1 Deformed Bar Designation Numbers, Nominal Weights Masses, Nominal Dimensions, and Deformation Requireme
30、ntsBar DesignationNo.Nominal Weight,lb/ftNominal Mass,kg/mNominal DimensionsADeformation Requirements, in. mmDiameter,in. mmCross-SectionalArea,in.2mm2Perimeter,in. mmMaximumAverageSpacingMinimumAverageHeightMaximum Gap(Chord of 12.5 % ofNominal Perimeter)3 10 0.376 0.560 0.375 9.5 0.11 71 1.178 29.
31、9 0.262 6.7 0.015 0.38 0.143 3.64 13 0.668 0.994 0.500 12.7 0.20 129 1.571 39.9 0.350 8.9 0.020 0.51 0.191 4.95 16 1.043 1.552 0.625 15.9 0.31 199 1.963 49.9 0.437 11.1 0.028 0.71 0.239 6.16 19 1.502 2.235 0.750 19.1 0.44 284 2.356 59.8 0.525 13.3 0.038 0.97 0.286 7.37 22 2.044 3.042 0.875 22.2 0.60
32、 387 2.749 69.8 0.612 15.5 0.044 1.12 0.334 8.58 25 2.670 3.973 1.000 25.4 0.79 510 3.142 79.8 0.700 17.8 0.050 1.27 0.383 9.79 29 3.400 5.060 1.128 28.7 1.00 645 3.544 90.0 0.790 20.1 0.056 1.42 0.431 10.910 32 4.303 6.404 1.270 32.3 1.27 819 3.990 101.3 0.889 22.6 0.064 1.63 0.487 12.411 36 5.313
33、7.907 1.410 35.8 1.56 1006 4.430 112.5 0.987 25.1 0.071 1.80 0.540 13.714 43 7.65 11.38 1.693 43.0 2.25 1452 5.32 135.1 1.185 30.1 0.085 2.16 0.648 16.518 57 13.60 20.24 2.257 57.3 4.00 2581 7.09 180.1 1.58 40.1 0.102 2.59 0.864 21.9AThe nominal dimensions of a deformed bar are equivalent to those o
34、f a plain round bar having the same weight mass per foot metre as the deformed bar.A615/A615M 09b28. Measurements of Deformations8.1 The average spacing of deformations shall be deter-mined by measuring the length of a minimum of ten spaces anddividing that length by the number of spaces included in
35、 themeasurement. The measurement shall begin from a point on adeformation at the beginning of the first space to a correspond-ing point on a deformation after the last included space.Spacing measurements shall not be made over a bar areacontaining bar marking symbols involving letters or numbers.8.2
36、 The average height of deformations shall be determinedfrom measurements made on not less than two typical defor-mations. Determinations shall be based on three measurementsper deformation, one at the center of the overall length and theother two at the quarter points of the overall length.8.3 Insuf
37、ficient height, insufficient circumferential cover-age, or excessive spacing of deformations shall not constitutecause for rejection unless it has been clearly established bydeterminations on each lot (Note 2) tested that typical defor-mation height, gap, or spacing do not conform to the minimumrequ
38、irements prescribed in Section 7. No rejection shall bemade on the basis of measurements if fewer than ten adjacentdeformations on each side of the bar are measured.NOTE 2As used within the intent of 8.3, the term “lot” shall mean allthe bars of one bar size and pattern of deformations contained in
39、anindividual shipping release or shipping order.9. Tensile Requirements9.1 The material, as represented by the test specimens, shallconform to the requirements for tensile properties prescribed inTable 2.9.2 The yield point or yield strength shall be determined byone of the following methods:9.2.1 T
40、he yield point shall be determined by the drop or haltof the gage of the tensile testing machine, where the steel testedhas a sharp-kneed or well-defined type of yield point.9.2.2 Where the steel tested does not have a well-definedyield point, the yield strength shall be determined by the offsetmeth
41、od (0.2 % offset), as described in Test Methods andDefinitions A370. A second tensile test result shall also berequired as indicated in 9.2.2.1.9.2.2.1 When the offset method is used to determine theyield strength, the material, as represented by the test speci-mens shall conform to an additional re
42、quirement: the stresscorresponding to a tensile strain of 0.0035 shall be a minimumof 60 000 psi 420 MPa for Grade 60 420, a minimum of75 000 psi 520 MPa for Grade 75 520, and a minimum of80 000 psi 550 MPa for Grade 80 550. The value of stresscorresponding to a tensile strain of 0.0035 shall be rep
43、orted inthe test report (16.1.2).9.3 When material is furnished in coils, the test specimenshall be taken from the coil and straightened prior to placing itin the jaws of the tensile testing machine. Straightening of testspecimens shall be done carefully to avoid formation of localsharp bends and to
44、 minimize cold work. (See Note 3.)9.3.1 Test specimens taken from post-fabricated materialshall not be used to determine conformance to this specifica-tion.NOTE 3Insufficient straightening prior to attaching the extensometercan result in lower-than-actual yield strength readings. Multiple bendingdis
45、tortion from mechanical straightening and fabricating machines canlead to excessive cold work, resulting in higher yield strengths, lowerelongation values, and a loss of deformation height.9.4 The percentage of elongation shall be as prescribed inTable 2.10. Bending Requirements10.1 The bend-test sp
46、ecimen shall withstand being bentaround a pin without cracking on the outside radius of the bentportion. The requirements for degree of bending and sizes ofpins are prescribed in Table 3. When material is furnished incoils, the test specimen shall be straightened prior to placing itin the bend teste
47、r.10.2 The bend test shall be made on specimens of sufficientlength to ensure free bending and with apparatus whichprovides:10.2.1 Continuous and uniform application of forcethroughout the duration of the bending operation.10.2.2 Unrestricted movement of the specimen at points ofcontact with the app
48、aratus and bending around a pin free torotate.10.2.3 Close wrapping of the specimen around the pinduring the bending operation.10.3 It is permissible to use more severe methods of bendtesting, such as placing a specimen across two pins free torotate and applying the bending force with a fixed pin. W
49、henfailures occur under more severe methods, retests shall bepermitted under the bend-test method prescribed in 10.2.TABLE 2 Tensile RequirementsGrade 40280AGrade 60420Grade 75520Grade 80550Tensile strength, min, psi MPa 60 000 420 90 000 620 100 000 690 105 000 725Yield strength, min, psi MPa 40 000 280 60 000 420 7
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