1、Designation: A657/A657M 03 (Reapproved 2008)1A657/A657M 13Standard Specification forTin Mill Products, Black Plate Electrolytic Chromium-Coated, Single and Double Reduced1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A657/A657M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the ye
2、arof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1 NOTEEditorial changes made to Note 1 and Note 2 in October 2008.
3、1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers single- and double-reduced tin mill black plate electrolytically coated with chromium andchromium oxide. The steel is furnished in coils and cut lengths for use in the manufacture of cans, closures, crowns, and otherproducts.1.2 This specification is applicable
4、 to orders in either inch-pound units (as A657) which is supplied in thicknesses from 0.0050to 0.0149 in. or in SI units as A657M which is supplied in thicknesses from 0.127 to 0.378 mm.1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded as standard. Within the text, the SI uni
5、ts are shownin brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents. Therefore, each system must be used independently of theother. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with this specification.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safe
6、ty concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A623 Specification for Tin Mill Pro
7、ducts, General RequirementsA623M Specification for Tin Mill Products, General Requirements MetricA700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods for Steel Products for ShipmentD1125 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity and Resistivity of Water3. Ordering Information3.1 Orders for prod
8、uct under this specification shall include the following information, as required and applicable, to adequatelydescribe the desired product:3.1.1 Name of product (include whether single- or double-reduced),3.1.2 Thickness (must be consistent with intended application),3.1.3 Oiling (Section 6),3.1.4
9、Steel type (MR, L, etc.),3.1.5 Temper designation (T-3, T-4, etc. for single-reduced) or mechanical designation (DR-8, DR-9, etc., double-reduced),3.1.6 Surface finish (7B, 7C, etc.).3.1.7 Coil width or cut size,3.1.8 Rolling direction must be specified on cut sizes and should be indicated by underl
10、ining the slit (rolling width) dimension,3.1.9 On coils, specify minimum or range of acceptable inside diameters. The standard inside diameter is approximately 16 in.if ordered as Specification A657 410 mm if ordered as Specification A657M. Coils should be specified to a maximum coil weightif ordere
11、d as Specification A657 mass if ordered as Specification A657M, or maximum outside diameter, or both.1 This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloysand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.20on Tin Mill Products.Current edit
12、ion approved Oct. 1, 2008Oct. 1, 2013. Published October 2008 October 2013. Originally approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 20032008 asA657/A657M 03.A657/A657M 03(2008)1. DOI: 10.1520/A0657_A0657M-03R08E01.10.1520/A0657_A0657M-13.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website,
13、www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of
14、what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered
15、the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.1.10 Packaging,3.1.11 Special requirements where applicable, and,3.1.12 ASTM specification design
16、ation and year of issue.NOTE 1A typical ordering description for coils is as follows: 1250 base boxes, single reduced, black plate electrolytic chromium coated, DOS,BSO,(0.0093 in.) MR, T-3 BA, 3538 in. by coil, 16 in. inside diameter, 59 in. maximum outside diameter, 25 000 lb maximum coil weight,
17、for regular crownsin accordance with Specification A657/A657M - XX. 250 SITAS,SITAs, single reduced, black plate electrolytic chromium coated, DOS,BSO, 0.235 mmthickness, MR, T-3 BA, 513, 900 mm by coil, 410 mm inside diameter, 1500 mm maximum outside diameter, 11 500 kg maximum coil mass for regula
18、rcrowns in accordance with Specification A657/A657M - XX.NOTE 2A typical ordering description of cut sizes is as follows: 1000 base boxes, double reduced black plated electrolytic chromium coated, BSC,0.0061 in., MR, DR8 CA, 31 by 32 in., for cap closures in accordance with Specification A657/A657M
19、- XX. 200 SITAS,SITAs, double reduced, blackplate electrolytic chromium coated, DOS,BSO, 0.155 mm thickness, MR, DR8 CA, 788 by 813 mm, cap closures in accordance with SpecificationA657/A657M - XX.NOTE 3The production of coils does not afford the same opportunity for inspection, grading, and sorting
20、 as does the production of cut sizes.Accordingly, appropriate processing and quality-control procedures are required by the purchaser to obtain optimum utilization of the material. Cut sizesare line inspected visually and mechanically during production. Sheets having surface imperfections that will
21、not interfere with their utilization areincluded.NOTE 4Tin mill products are supplied on an area basis expressed in base boxes. In coils, the number of base boxes is computed from the measuredlength and the specified width. In cut sizes, the number of base boxes is computed from the specified length
22、 and width dimensions and sheet count. Forcalculating weight, the density of steel for tin mill products is 0.2836 lb/in.3 Tin mill products are supplied on an area basis expressed in SITAS.SITAs.In coils, the number of SITASSITAs is computed from the measured length and the specified width. In cut
23、sizes, the number of SITASSITAs is computedfrom the specified length and width dimensions and sheet count. For calculating mass, the density of steel for tin mill products is 7850 kg/m3.4. Chromium Coating Weights Masses4.1 Total Coating is made up of chromium metal and chromium oxides. These are de
24、termined separately.4.1.1 Metallic Chromium is expressed as milligrams of chromium metal per square foot milligrams of chromium per squaremetre on each side of the sheet or strip.AverageNominalmg/ft2 mg/m 2Minmg/ft2 mg/m 2Maxmg/ft2 mg/m 25 54 3 32 13 1404.1.2 Chromium Oxide is expressed as milligram
25、s of chromium in the oxide per square foot milligrams of chromium per squaremetre as shipped on each side of the sheet or strip.AverageMin,mg/ft2 mg/m 2Max,mg/ft2 mg/m 20.7 8 2.5 274.2 Sampling for Chromium Coating Weights Masses:4.2.1 CoilsWhen the purchaser wishes to make tests to ascertain compli
26、ance with the requirements of this specification formetallic chromium and chromium oxide weights masses on a lot of any specific item of electrolytic chromium-coated steel incoils, use the following procedure:4.2.1.1 Take one test strip at random from a representative section of each coil across its
27、 width. Select a minimum of three teststrips, each taken from different coils from any one item of a specific lot. Spot test each test strip at three positions (edge, center,edge) across the rolling direction of the strip. Spot samples are customarily disks or squares, each of 4 in.2 25.8 cm2 in are
28、a. Inorder to secure representative samples, take samples so that the outer edge of the sample is at least 1 in. 25 mm from either edgeof the test strip. The average value of all spot tests on all test strips represents the average coating-weight mass test value.4.2.1.2 From one- or two-coil lots, s
29、ample each coil. A minimum of three randomly selected test strips shall represent the lot.4.2.2 Cut LengthsWhen the purchaser wishes to make tests to ascertain compliance with the requirements of this specificationfor metallic chromium and chromium oxide weights mass on a specification of electrolyt
30、ic chromium-coated steel in cut sizes,use the following procedure:4.2.2.1 Take one sheet at random from each 50 packages, or part thereof, with a minimum of three different sample sheets, eachtaken from different bundles from any one item of a specific shipment. Spot test each sample at three positi
31、ons across the rollingdirection of the sheet (edge, center, edge). Spot samples are customarily disks or squares, each of 4 in.2 25.8 cm2 in area. In orderto secure representative samples, take edge specimens so that the outer edge of the sample is at least 1 in. 25 mm from eitheredge of the sheet.
32、The average value of all spot tests on all sheets tested represents the average coating-weight (mass) test value.4.3 Determination of Chromium Coating Weights MassesTypical method for determining metallic chromium and chromiumoxide weights masses for electrolytic chromium-coated steel is described i
33、n AnnexA1, AnnexA2, AnnexA3, and Fig.A1.1 andFig. A3.1.A657/A657M 1325. Surface Appearance and Finish5.1 Single-Reduced Base Metal FinishSingle-reduced electrolytic chromium coated steel is produced with ground roll finishesand shot-blasted roll finishes as follows:5.1.1 Ground Roll Finishes:5.1.1.1
34、 7BA smooth finish that may contain fine grit lines. This finish is specified for special applications.5.1.1.2 7CA smooth finish with grit lines. The surface roughness will range from 10 to 25 in. Ra 0.254 to 0.635 m Ra.This is the standard finish for tin mill products.5.1.2 Blasted and/or Otherwise
35、 Textured Roll Finishes:5.1.2.1 5CAshot-blasted finish (SBF) for general applications. The surface roughness will range from 30 to 60 in. Ra 0.760to 1.52 m Ra.5.1.2.2 5DA shot-blasted finish for special applications.5.2 Double-Reduced Base Metal FinishDouble-reduced electrolytic chromium-coated stee
36、l is produced only with ground-rollfinishes.5.2.1 Ground Roll Finishes:5.2.1.1 7CAsmooth finish with grit lines. The surface roughness will range from 6 to 25 in. Ra 0.152 to 0.635 m Ra. Thisis the standard finish for tin mill products.6. Oiling6.1 Electrolytic Chromium-Coated Steel is furnished wit
37、h an extremely thin oil film on both surfaces to minimize abrasion inshearing, coiling or uncoiling, shipping, and handling. Acetyl tributylcitrate, butyl stearate or dioctyl (di(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate)is used. Surface active agents such as glycerol monooleate may be incorporated into the oil film.
38、Oil film other than normal shouldbe negotiated with the producer. The oil film is not a drawing lubricant.6.1.1 Unless indicated by the purchaser, the special oiling treatment will be left to the discretion of the plate supplier.6.1.2 Weight mass of oil film as applied by the plate supplier normally
39、 ranges from approximately 0.10 g/base box to 0.40g/base box 0.50 to 200 g/SITA (5 to 20 mg/m2 ). The specified range is the total of both surfaces. Specific aim ranges requiredfor particular end uses and handling practices may be furnished as agreed upon by the purchaser and supplier.7. Workmanship
40、 and Quality Level Requirements7.1 The production of coils does not afford the same opportunity for inspection, grading, and sorting as does the production ofcut lengths. Accordingly, appropriate processing and quality-control procedures are required by the purchaser to obtain optimumutilization of
41、the material. Cut lengths are line inspected visually and mechanically during production. Sheets having surfaceimperfections that will not interfere with their utilization are included.8. General Requirements for Delivery8.1 Product furnished under this specification shall conform to the applicable
42、requirements of the latest edition of SpecificationA623 A623M, unless otherwise provided herein.9. Keywords9.1 chromium coated; coated steel sheet; tin mill productsANNEXES(Mandatory Information)A1. METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF METALLIC-CHROMIUM COATING WEIGHT (MASS) ONCHROMIUM-PLATED TIN-FREE STEELA
43、1.1 ScopeA1.1.1 This method is applicable to the determination of from 1 to 15 mg Cr/ft2 10.8 to 161 mg Cr/m2 of surface inchromium-plated tinfree steel (TFS).A1.2 PrincipleA1.2.1 The oxide layer is removed chemically with a hot sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution. The metallic chromium is thenA657/A65
44、7M 133electrostripped at a current of from 10 to 20 mAwith 1 N NaOH solution as the electrolyte.The stripping solution after acidificationis then analyzed for chromium by oxidation with ammonium persulfate (NH4)2S2O8 ) followed by photometric determination withdiphenylcarbazide.A1.3 ReagentsA1.3.1 P
45、urity of ReagentsReagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that allreagents shall conform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society, wheresuch specifications are available.3 Other grades may be
46、used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently highpurity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of the determination.A1.3.2 Purity of WaterUnless otherwise indicated, references to water shall be understood to mean distilled water or water ofequal purity.A1.3.3
47、 Ammonium Persulfate Solution (30 %)Dissolve 30 g of ammonium persulfate (NH4)2S2O8) in 100 mL of water. Thissolution should be prepared fresh each day.A1.3.4 Chromium, Standard Solution (1 mL = 0.02 mg Cr)Dissolve 0.2828 g of dry, primary standard grade potassiumdichromate (K2Cr2O7) in distilled wa
48、ter and dilute to 500 mL in a volumetric flask. This solution contains 0.2 mg Cr/mL. Pipeta 100-mL aliquot of this stock solution to a 1-L volumetric flask and dilute to volume with distilled water. This dilute standardcontains 0.02 mg Cr/mL.A1.3.5 Diphenylcarbazide Solution (0.24 %)Dissolve 0.25 g
49、of diphenylcarbazide in 95 mL of acetone. Add 5 mL of glacialacetic acid, mix well, and store in a refrigerator until used.A1.3.6 Oxide Stripping Solution (Hot (90C) 10 N NaOH Solution)Dissolve 200 g of NaOH pellets in 400 mL of water anddilute to 500 mL. Prepare as needed.A1.3.7 Silver Nitrate Solution (2 %)Dissolve 2 g of silver nitrate (AgNO3) in 100 mL of water. Keep protected from light.A1.3.8 Sodium Hydroxide (Electrolyte) Solution (1 N)Dissolve 40 g of NaOH pellet
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