ASTM A67-2000(2005) Standard Specification for Steel Tie Plates Low-Carbon and High-Carbon Hot-Worked《热加工的低碳钢和高碳钢垫板的标准规范》.pdf

1、Designation: A 67 00 (Reapproved 2005)Standard Specification forSteel Tie Plates, Low-Carbon and High-Carbon-Hot-Worked1This standard is issued under the fixed designationA67; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the yea

2、r of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers steel

3、 tie plates for use inrailroad track.1.2 Two grades of tie plates are described: Grade 1, low-carbon, and Grade 2, high-carbon-hot-worked.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values in parentheses are for informationonly.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Sta

4、ndards:2A 700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and LoadingMethods for Steel Products for Domestic Shipping2.2 American Railway Engineering and Maintenance ofWay Association (AREMA):Specification for Steel Tie Plates33. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 eccentricitythe distance from the shoulder to t

5、heedge of the tie plate at right angles to the shoulder is larger onthe field side than the gage side to compensate for the greatertendency of the field end to cut into the tie; the horizontaldistance from middle of the rail seat to middle of the tie plateis the eccentricity.3.1.2 field sideend of t

6、ie plate designed to be located onthe opposite side of the rail from the centerline of track.3.1.3 gage sideend of tie plate designed to be locatedclosest to the centerline of track.3.1.4 hold down holeslocated on the plate away from therail seat, these holes do not allow spikes to contact the edge

7、ofthe rail base. Also called anchor spike holes.3.1.5 lengthoverall dimension of the plate at right anglesto the rail it supports.3.1.5.1 DiscussionTie plates of different length can beused with a given rail section with the length chosen based onthe traffic density of the track on which it is to be

8、 used.3.1.6 line holeslocated at the edge of the rail seat, theseholes allow the spikes to contact the edge of the rail base.3.1.7 rail seatthe portion of the tie plate that supports therail.3.1.8 rail seat canttie plates are generally rolled with therail seat not parallel to the base of the plate s

9、o that the rail headis tilted toward the centerline of track to help offset lateralthrust and provide better wheel bearing on the rail head; theAREA recommended cant is a ratio of 1:40.3.1.9 rolled widththe dimension of the finished section asit leaves the rolls and is equal to the length of the tie

10、 plate.3.1.10 sheared lengththe dimension to which the finishedsection is cut and is equal to the width of the tie plate.3.1.11 shouldera ridge parallel to the rail designed toassist in holding the rail in position.3.1.11.1 DiscussionThe height of the shoulder is aboutequal to the thickness of the e

11、dge of the rail base. If a plate hasa single shoulder, the shoulder is located on the field side of therail seat to resist the outward thrust of the rail. A doubleshoulder plate has an additional shoulder on the gage side ofthe rail seat. Single shoulder plates may accommodate adesired rail section

12、by adjusting the punching of the spike holeson the gage side to match the width of the rail base. Doubleshoulder plates are limited to a single rail base width.3.1.12 tie platea part of the track structure placed underthe rail to distribute the wheel load to the tie, cant the rail to thedesired angl

13、e, assist in maintaining the track to gage andprotect the tie.3.1.12.1 DiscussionThe tie plate has a rail seat, either flator canted, either a single or double shoulder parallel to the railit supports, and is punched with holes for spikes or otherfasteners. The bottom of the tie plate is usually fla

14、t, but ribbedor other designs may be used.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.01 on Steel Rails and Accessories.Current edition approved March 1, 2005. Published March 2005

15、. Originallyapproved in 1916. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as A 67 00.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page

16、onthe ASTM website.3Manual of Railway Engineering, Chapter 5, Part 1, and is available fromAmerican Railway Engineering and Maintenance of Way Assn., 8201 CorporateDrive, Suite 1125, Landover, MD 20785.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-295

17、9, United States.3.1.13 widthoverall dimension of the plate parallel to therail it supports.3.1.13.1 DiscussionTie plates are generally from 7 to 8 in.wide.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for tie plates under this specification shallinclude the following information:4.1.1 Quantity: number of piece

18、s.4.1.2 ASTM designation and year of issue.4.1.3 Grade: 1, low-carbon, or 2, high-carbon-hot-worked(see Table 1 and Table 2).4.1.4 Design: AREMA plan number,3or other design in-cluding drawings if required.4.1.5 Any variation in location and shape of holes, etc.,from the plan, with dimensional drawi

19、ng if necessary.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 Melting PracticeThe steel shall be made by any of thefollowing processes: basic-oxygen or electric-furnace.5.2 The steel may be cast by a continuous process, or iningots.5.3 DiscardA sufficient discard shall be made to securefreedom from injurious segr

20、egation and piping.5.4 Steel accumulated in the form of ingots or blooms,possibly from various heats, that conforms to the requirementsof this specification may be used in the manufacture of eitherGrade 1 or Grade 2 tie plates.5.5 Grade 1 tie plates may be sheared, punched, or slottedeither hot or c

21、old, at the option of the manufacturer.5.6 Grade 2 tie plates shall be sheared, punched, or slottedhot, at a temperature best suited to the process, and thereafterplaced into an enclosure to assure proper cooling.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements for chemicalcomp

22、osition specified in Table 1.6.2 Heat or Cast Analysis:6.2.1 An analysis of each heat or cast shall be made by themanufacturer to determine the percentages of the elementsspecified in Table 1. The analysis shall be made from a testsample taken preferably during the pouring of the heat. Thechemical c

23、omposition thus determined shall conform to therequirements in Table 1.6.2.2 Steel accumulated in the form of ingots or blooms maybe applied on the basis of the original heat or cast analysisrecorded in the mill records.6.3 When ladle tests are not available, finished materialrepresenting the heat m

24、ay be product tested. The productanalysis allowance beyond the limits of the specified ladleanalysis shall be within the limits for product analyses speci-fied in Table 2.7. Bend Requirements Bend Requirements7.1 Bend Test:7.1.1 Grade 1 or Grade 2 bend test specimens prepared asrequired in 7.1.2 sha

25、ll withstand the respective bend testdescribed in Table 3 without cracking on the outside of the bentportion.7.1.2 The specimens for bend tests specified in 7.1.1 shall betaken from finished tie plates, longitudinally with the directionof rolling. They shall be rectangular in section, not less than1

26、2in. (13 mm) in width between machined sides, and shall havetwo faces as rolled. Where the tie plate design is such that aspecimen cannot be taken between the ribs or projections, theribs or projections shall be removed to the plane of the platesurface as part of the specimen preparation.7.2 Optiona

27、l Bend Test:7.2.1 If preferred by the manufacturer, the following full-size bend test may be substituted for that described in 7.1.7.2.2 A finished Grade 1 or Grade 2 tie plate shall withstandthe respective optional bend test described in Table 3 withoutcracking on the outside of the bent portion.7.

28、3 Number of Tests:7.3.1 One bend test shall be made from each identified heat,or from each 25 tons (23 Mg) where heats are not identified.7.3.2 If any test specimen shows defective machining ordevelops flaws, it may be discarded and another specimensubstituted.7.4 Retest:7.4.1 High carbon tie plates

29、 represented by bend tests failingto meet the requirements prescribed in 7.1 or 7.2 may beannealed not more than twice and resubmitted for testing. If tieplates fail to meet the third test, they shall be rejected.8. Permissible Variations in Dimension, Weight, andOther Physical Attributes8.1 The tie

30、 plate shall conform to the dimensions specifiedby the purchaser, subject to the permissible variations indicatedin Table 4.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsGrade 1Low-CarbonGrade 2High-Carbon-Hot-WorkedCarbon 0.15 min 0.35 to 0.85Phosphorus, max 0.040 0.040Sulfur, max 0.050 0.050TABLE 2 Product Analysi

31、s Allowance Beyond Limits ofSpecified Chemical AnalysisUnder MaximumLimit, %Over MaximumLimit, %Carbon 0.04 . . .Phosphorus . . . 0.008Sulfur . . . 0.008TABLE 3 Bend Test RequirementsGrade 1 Grade 2Bent test, cold 180 around pin of diameternot greater than specimenthickness30 around pin ofdiameter n

32、ot greater thanthree times specimenthicknessOptional bend test,cold90 around pin of diameternot greater than sectionthicknessAat bend30 around pin ofdiameter not greater thanthree times sectionthicknessAat bendAThickness includes vertical height of ribs and shoulders where they aretransverse to pin

33、direction.A 67 00 (2005)29. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance9.1 The tie plates shall be free from injurious warp, project-ing fins and other imperfections that would prevent (a) properrail seating, and (b) proper seating of the spikes or screws.9.1.1 Flatness of the Rail Seatshall be measured wit

34、h anappropriate gage over length, width and diagonals. Concavityor convexity shall not exceed 0.025 in. (0.64 mm). Measure-ment shall avoid the shear deformation at the edge of the plate.9.1.2 Flatness of the Tie Seatshall be measured with anappropriate gage over the length, width and diagonals. Con

35、-cavity or convexity shall not exceed 1/16 in. (1.6 mm).Measurement shall avoid the shear deformation at the edge ofthe plate.9.1.3 Spike HolesMeasurement for size and location shallbe determined from the punch entering surface, which istypically the bottom of the plate. Measurement of the holelocat

36、ion shall be in relationship of the spike holes to each other.Measurement of the skewness of spike holes shall be inrelationship to the design location of the rail base for line holesand to the sheared edge for hold down holes.9.1.4 Spike Hole TolerancesThe following limits on spikehole punching sha

37、ll apply:9.1.4.1 Holes shall not be punched closer than 158 in. (41.4mm) center to center.9.1.4.2 Outer edge of any hole shall not be closer than in.(12.7 mm) to the rolled edge for plates up to38 in. (9.6 mm) inend thickness; or closer than in. (16 mm) to the rolled edge forplates greater than38 in

38、. up to12 in. in end thickness.9.1.4.3 Outer edge of any hole shall not be closer than 1 in.to the sheared edge.10. Inspection10.1 The manufacturer shall afford the purchasers inspectorall reasonable facilities necessary to satisfy him that thematerial is being produced and furnished in accordance w

39、iththis specification. Mill inspection by the purchaser shall notinterfere unnecessarily with the manufacturers operations. Alltests and inspections shall be made at the place of manufacture,unless otherwise agreed to.11. Rejection and Rehearing11.1 Material that fails to conform to the requirements

40、 ofthis specification may be rejected. Rejections shall be reportedto the manufacturer or supplier promptly and in writing. In caseof dissatisfaction with the test results, the manufacturer orsupplier may make claim for a rehearing.12. Certification12.1 When specified in the purchase order or contra

41、ct, amanufacturers certification shall be furnished to the purchaserthat the material was produced and tested in accordance withthis specification and has been found to meet the requirements.12.2 When specified in the purchase order or contract, areport of the chemical and mechanical test results sh

42、all befurnished.12.3 A Material Test Report, Certificate of Inspection orsimilar document printed from or used in electronic from anelectronic data interchange (EDI) transmission shall be re-garded as having the same validity as a counterpart printed inthe certifiers facility. The content of the EDI

43、 transmitteddocument must meet the requirements of the invoked ASTMstandard(s) and conform to any existing EDI agreement be-tween the purchaser and the supplier.12.4 Notwithstanding the absence of a signature, the orga-nization submitting either a printed document (Material TestReport, Certificate o

44、f Inspection or similar document) or anEDI transmission is responsible for the content of the report.13. Product Marking13.1 The tie plate design designation, the name or brand ofthe manufacturer, the last two digits of the year of manufacture,and in the case of Grade 2, high-carbon-hot-worked tie p

45、lates,the letters “HW” shall be rolled in raised letters and figures onthe top of the plate to the outside of the shoulders, and a portionof this marking shall appear on each finished tie plate.13.2 Bar Coding:13.2.1 The Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG) BarCode Standard for Primary Metals for

46、 Steel Products may beconsidered as an auxiliary method of identification. Use of thistest method shall be by agreement between purchaser andsupplier.14. U.S. Government Procurement14.1 When specified in the contract or purchase order,material shall be prepared from shipment and storage inaccordance

47、 with the requirements of A 700.15. Keywords15.1 rails; railway applications; steel rails; steel tie platesTABLE 4 Permissible Variations from Specified Dimensions(Shoulders parallel to rolling direction)Over Underin. (mm) in. (mm)Thickness 0.030 (0.76) 0.030 (0.76)Rolled width 0.125 (3.17) 0.125 (3

48、.17)Sheared length 0.188 (4.76) 0.188 (4.76)Flatness, rail seat 0.025 (0.64) 0.025 (0.64)Flatness, tie seat 0.060 (1.58) 0.060 (1.58)Dimension betweenshoulders0.060 (1.58) none noneHeight of shoulders 0.015 (0.40) 0.030 (0.76)Location of spike holes 0.030 (0.76) 0.030 (0.76)Size of spike holes (leng

49、thof sides)0.030 (0.76) 0.030 (0.76)Skewness of holeshorizontally0.030 (0.76) 0.030 (0.76)A 67 00 (2005)3ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed ev