1、Designation: A 807/A 807M 02 (Reapproved 2008)Standard Practice forInstalling Corrugated Steel Structural Plate Pipe for Sewersand Other Applications1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 807/A 807M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adopt
2、ion or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers procedures, soils, and soil place-ment for the prope
3、r installation of corrugated steel structuralplate pipe, pipe-arches, arches, and underpasses produced toSpecification A 761/A 761M, in either trench or embankmentinstallations. A typical trench installation and a typical em-bankment (projection) installation are shown in Figs. 1 and 2,respectively.
4、 Structural plate structures as described herein arethose structures factory fabricated in plate form and boltedtogether on site to provide the required shape, size, and lengthof structure. This practice applies to structures designed inaccordance with Practice A 796/A 796M.1.2 This standard does no
5、t purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 The values stated in either inch-pou
6、nd units or SI unitsshall be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem must be used independently of the other, withoutcombining values in any way. SI units are shown in brackets inthe text for clarity, but they are the appli
7、cable values when theinstallation is to be performed using SI units.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 761/A 761M Specification for Corrugated Steel Struc-tural Plate, Zinc-Coated, for Field-Bolted Pipe, Pipe-Arches, and ArchesA 796/A 796M Practice for Structural Design of Corru-gated Stee
8、l Pipe, Pipe-Arches, and Arches for Storm andSanitary Sewers and Other Buried ApplicationsA 902 Terminology Relating to Metallic Coated Steel Prod-uctsD 698 Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Character-istics of Soil Using Standard Effort (12 400 ft-lbf/ft3(600kN-m/m3)D 1556 Test Method for Dens
9、ity and Unit Weight of Soil inPlace by Sand-Cone MethodD 1557 Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Charac-teristics of Soil Using Modified Effort (56,000 ft-lbf/ft3(2,700 kN-m/m3)D 2167 Test Method for Density and Unit Weight of Soil inPlace by the Rubber Balloon MethodD 2487 Practice for Classifi
10、cation of Soils for EngineeringPurposes (Unified Soil Classification System)D 2922 Test Methods for Density of Soil and Soil-Aggregate in Place by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth)3D 2937 Test Method for Density of Soil in Place by theDrive-Cylinder Method3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions o
11、f general terms used inthis practice, refer to Terminology A 902.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 archa part circle shape spanning an open invertbetween the footings on which it rests.3.2.2 beddingthe earth or other material on which a pipeis supported.3.2.3 haunchthe portion
12、 of the pipe cross section betweenthe maximum horizontal dimension and the top of the bedding.3.2.4 invertthe lowest point on the pipe cross section;also, the bottom portion of a pipe.3.2.5 pipea conduit having full circular shape; also, in ageneral context, all structure shapes covered by this prac
13、tice.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A05 on Metallic-Coated Iron and Steel Products and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA05.17 on Corrugated Steel Pipe Specifications.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2008. Published December 2008. Originallyapproved in 1982. La
14、st previous edition approved in 2002 as A 807/A 807M - 021.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3W
15、ithdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.2.6 pipe-archan arch shape with an approximate semi-circular crown, small-radius corners,
16、and large-radius invert.3.2.7 underpassa high arch shape with an approximatesemicircular crown, large-radius sides, small-radius cornersbetween sides and invert, and large-radius invert.4. Significance and Use4.1 Structural plate structures function structurally as aflexible ring that is supported b
17、y and interacts with thecompacted surrounding soil. The soil placed around the struc-ture is thus an integral part of the structural system. It istherefore important to ensure that the soil structure is made upof acceptable material and is well constructed. Field verifica-tion of soil structure acce
18、ptability using Test Methods D 1556,D 2167, D 2922,orD 2937, as applicable, and comparing theresults with either Test Methods D 698 or D 1557, in accor-dance with the specifications for each project, is the mostreliable basis for installation of an acceptable structure. Therequired density and metho
19、d of measurement are not specifiedby this practice, but must be established in the specificationsfor each project.5. Trench Excavation5.1 To obtain the anticipated structural performance ofstructural plate structures, it is not necessary to control trenchwidth beyond the minimum necessary for proper
20、 assembly ofthe structure and placement of the structural backfill. However,the soil on each side beyond the excavated trench must be ableto support anticipated loads. Any sloughed material shall beremoved from the trench or compacted to provide the neces-sary support. When a construction situation
21、calls for a rela-tively wide trench, it may be made as wide as required, for itsFIG. 1 Typical Trench InstallationFIG. 2 Typical Embankment (Projection) InstallationA 807/A 807M 02 (2008)2full depth if so desired. However, trench excavation must be incompliance with any local, state, and federal cod
22、es and safetyregulations.6. Foundation6.1 The supporting soil beneath the structure must provide areasonably uniform resistance to the imposed load, bothlongitudinally and laterally. Sharp variations in the foundationmust be avoided. When rock is encountered, it must beexcavated and replaced with so
23、il. If the structure is to be placedon a continuous rock foundation, it will be necessary to providea bedding of soil between rock and structure. See Fig. 3.6.2 Lateral changes in foundation should never be such thatthe structure is firmly supported while the backfill on eitherside is not. When soft
24、 material is encountered in the structureexcavation and must be removed to maintain the grade (limitsettlement) of the structure, then it must be removed, usuallyfor a minimum of three structure widths (see Fig. 4). A smallerwidth of removal can sometimes be used if established by theengineer.6.3 Pe
25、rformance of buried structures is enhanced by allow-ing the structure to settle slightly relative to the columns ofearth alongside. Therefore, when significant settlement of theoverall foundation is expected, it is beneficial to provide ayielding foundation under structural plate structures.Ayieldin
26、gfoundation is one that allows the structure to settle vertically bya greater amount than the vertical settlement of the columns ofearth alongside. It can usually be obtained by placing a layer ofcompressible soil of suitable thickness beneath the structurethat is less densely compacted than the soi
27、l alongside. This isparticularly important on structures with relatively large-radiusinvert plates.6.4 For all structures with relatively small-radius cornerplates adjacent to large-radius invert plates (such as pipe-arches or underpass structures), excellent soil support must beprovided adjacent to
28、 the small-radius corner plates by both thein situ foundation and the structural backfill. See Figs. 4 and 5.A yielding foundation must be provided beneath the invertplates for such structures when soft foundation conditions areencountered.6.5 The engineer is encouraged to develop details specific t
29、othe site based on the general principles for foundation condi-tions given in 6.1 through 6.4.7. Bedding7.1 In most cases, structural plate structures may be as-sembled directly on in-situ material fine-graded to properalignment and grade. Take care to compact the materialbeneath the haunches before
30、 placing structural backfill. Mate-rial in contact with the pipe must not contain rock retained ona 3 in. 75 mm diameter ring, frozen lumps, chunks of highlyplastic clay, organic matter, corrosive material, or other delete-rious material. For structures with relatively small-radiuscorner plates adja
31、cent to large-radius invert plates, it isrecommended to either shape the bedding to the invert plateradius or fine-grade the foundation to a slight V-shape. The soiladjacent to the corners shall be of an excellent quality andhighly compacted to accommodate the high reaction pressuresthat can develop
32、 at that location. See Fig. 5.NOTE 1Section B-B is applicable to all continuous rock foundations.FIG. 3 Foundation Transition Zones and Rock FoundationsA 807/A 807M 02 (2008)37.2 Structures having a span greater than 15 ft 4.5 m or adepth of cover greater than 20 ft 6 m should be provided witha shap
33、ed bedding on a yielding foundation. The bedding shouldbe shaped to facilitate the required compaction of the structuralbackfill under the haunches. A shaped bedding on a yieldingfoundation is always required under structures with small-radius corner plates adjacent to large-radius invert plates.8.
34、Assembly8.1 Structural plate structures are furnished in componentsof plates and fasteners for field assembly. These componentsare furnished in accordance with Specification A 761/A 761M.Plates are furnished in various widths and multiple lengths,preformed and punched for assembling into the require
35、dFIG. 4 Soft Foundation TreatmentFIG. 5 Bedding and Corner Zone Treatment for Large-Radius Invert Plate StructuresA 807/A 807M 02 (2008)4structure shape, size, and length. The plate widths form theperiphery of the structure. The various widths and the multiplelengths can be arranged to allow for sta
36、ggered seams (longi-tudinal or transverse, or both) to avoid four-plate laps. Thefabricator of the structural plate shall furnish an assemblydrawing showing the location of each plate by width, length,thickness, and curvature. The plates must be assembled inaccordance with the fabricators drawing.8.
37、2 For structures with inverts, assembly shall begin withthe invert plates at the downstream end. As assembly proceedsupstream, plates that fall fully or partly below the maximumwidth of the structure are lapped over the preceding plates toconstruct the transverse seams.8.3 Arches have no integral in
38、vert and usually rest in specialchannels cast into, or connected to, footings. Channels must beaccurately set to span, line, and grade as shown on thefabricators drawing. When the arch is other than a half circle,the channel must be rotated in the footing to allow for entranceof the plates. For arch
39、es with ends cut on a skew, the basechannels will also be skewed, but properly aligned across thestructure. All pertinent dimensions must be shown on thefabricators drawing. For arch structures, assembly begins atthe upstream end and proceeds downstream, with each suc-ceeding plate lapping on the ou
40、tside of the previous plate.Plates attached to the footing channel are not self-supportingand will require temporary support. Assemble as few plates aspractical, from the channels toward the top center of thestructure, and complete the periphery to maintain the structureshape.8.4 Generally, structur
41、al plate should be assembled with asfew bolts as practical. These bolts should be placed loose andremain loose until the periphery has been completed for severalplate lengths. However, on large structures, it is practical toalign bolt holes during assembly and tighten the bolts tomaintain structure
42、shape. After the periphery of the structure iscompleted for several plate lengths, all bolts may be placed andtightened. Correct any significant deviation in structure shapebefore tightening bolts (see Section 10). It is advisable not totighten bolts on the loosely assembled structure within adistan
43、ce of 30 ft 9 m of where plate assembly is ongoing. Allbolts shall be tightened using an applied torque of between 100and 300 ft-lbf 135 and 405 Nm. It is important not toovertorque the bolts.8.5 Standard structural plate structures, because of thebolted construction, are not intended to be watertig
44、ht. Onoccasions in which a degree of watertightness is required, it ispractical to introduce a seam sealant tape within the boltedseams. The tape shall be wide enough to effectively cover allrows of holes in plate laps, and of the proper thickness andconsistency to effectively fill all voids in plat
45、e laps. Generalprocedures for installing sealant tape are as follows: Onlongitudinal seams, before placing the lapping plate, roll thetape over the seam and work into the corrugations. Do notstretch the tape. Remove any paper backing before making upthe joint. Seal transverse seams in a like manner
46、with tape. Atall points where three plates intersect, place an additionalthickness of tape for a short distance to fill the void caused bythe transverse seam overlap. It is most practical to punch thetape for bolts with a hot spud wrench or sharp tool. Severalhours after the bolts are initially tigh
47、tened, a second tighteningwill usually be necessary to maintain a minimal torque leveland properly seat the plates. Since the seam sealant tape willcreep (flow) from the joint under higher torque levels, addi-tional tightening is not recommended.9. Structural Backfill Material9.1 Structural backfill
48、 is that material which surrounds thepipe, extending laterally to the walls of the trench, or to the fillmaterial for embankment construction, and extending verti-cally from the invert to an elevation of 1 ft 300 mm, or18 thespan, whichever is greater, over the pipe. The necessary widthof structural
49、 backfill depends on the quality of the trench wallor embankment material, the type of material and compactionequipment used for the structural backfill, and in embankmentconstruction, the type of construction equipment used tocompact the embankment fill. The width of structural backfillshall meet the requirements given in Table 1.9.2 Structural backfill material shall be readily compactedsoil or granular fill material. Structural backfill may be exca-vated native material, when suitable, or select material. Selectmaterial such as bank-run gravel, or o
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