ASTM A834-1995(2006) Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Iron Castings for General Industrial Use《一般工业用的普通要求的铸铁的标准规范》.pdf

1、Designation: A 834 95 (Reapproved 2006)Standard Specification forCommon Requirements for Iron Castings for GeneralIndustrial Use1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 834; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revis

2、ion, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers a group of requirements thatare mandatory requirements when used in conjun

3、ction with thefollowing iron casting specifications issued by ASTM:ASTM Specification2A 47/A 47MA 48/A 48MA 197/A 197MA 220/A 220MA 278MA 319A 395/A 395MA 436A 439A 518/A 518MA 532/A 532MA 536A 571/A 571MA 823A 842A 874/A 874MA 897/A 897M1.2 This specification also covers a group of supplementaryreq

4、uirements which may be applied to the above specificationsas indicated herein. These are provided for use when additionaltesting or inspection is desired and apply only when specifiedindividually by the purchaser in the order.1.3 The requirements of the individual material specifica-tion, and this g

5、eneral specification shall prevail in the sequencenamed.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are forinformation only.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 47/A 47M Specification for Ferritic Malleable Iron Cast-ingsA 48/A

6、 48M Specification for Gray Iron CastingsA 197/A 197M Specification for Cupola Malleable IronA 220/A 220M Specification for Pearlitic Malleable IronA 247 Test Method for Evaluating the Microstructure ofGraphite in Iron CastingsA 278M Specification for Gray Iron Castings for Pressure-Containing Parts

7、 for Temperatures Up to 350C (Discon-tinued 2001) Replaced by A 278/A 278M3A 319 Specification for Gray Iron Castings for ElevatedTemperatures for Non-Pressure Containing PartsA 395/A 395M Specification for Ferritic Ductile IronPressure-Retaining Castings for Use at Elevated Tempera-turesA 436 Speci

8、fication for Austenitic Gray Iron CastingsA 439 Specification for Austenitic Ductile Iron CastingsA 518/A 518M Specification for Corrosion-Resistant High-Silicon Iron CastingsA 532/A 532M Specification for Abrasion-Resistant CastIronsA 536 Specification for Ductile Iron CastingsA 571/A 571M Specific

9、ation for Austenitic Ductile IronCastings for Pressure-Containing Parts Suitable for Low-Temperature ServiceA 644 Terminology Relating to Iron CastingsA 802/A 802M Practice for Steel Castings, Surface Accep-tance Standards, Visual ExaminationA 823 Specification for Statically Cast Permanent MoldGray

10、 Iron CastingsA 842 Specification for Compacted Graphite Iron CastingsA 874/A 874M Specification for Ferritic Ductile Iron Cast-ings Suitable for Low-Temperature ServiceA 897/A 897M Specification for Austempered Ductile IronCastingsA 919 Terminology Relating to Heat Treatment of Metals4E8 Test Metho

11、ds for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materi-alsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE30 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Steel, Cast1This specification is under the jurisdiction

12、of ASTM Committee A04 on IronCastings and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA04.01 on Grey and WhiteIron Castings.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2006. Published October 2006. Originallyapproved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as A 834 95 (2001).2For referenced ASTM standa

13、rds, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn.4Withdrawn1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700,

14、West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Iron, Open-Hearth Iron, and Wrought Iron4E59 Practice for Sampling Steel and Iron for Determinationof Chemical Composition4E94 Guide for Radiographic ExaminationE 165 Test Method for Liquid Penetrant ExaminationE 351 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis

15、of Cast IronAll TypesE 689 Reference Radiographs for Ductile Iron CastingsE 709 Guide for Magnetic Particle ExaminationE 802 Reference Radiographs for Gray Iron Castings Up to412 in. 114 mm in Thickness2.2 Military Standard:MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage52.3 Federal Standard:Fed. Std.

16、No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)53. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Definitions for many terms common to iron castingsand their heat treatment are found in Terminology A 919 andTerminology A 644. A classification of graphite structure isfound in Test Method A 247.4. Ordering Informatio

17、n4.1 The purchase order for castings ordered under thisspecification shall stipulate the applicable material specifica-tion(s), grade of iron, and any options or additions to the basicrequirements, including the supplementary requirements in-cluded in this specification.5. Tensile Requirements5.1 Th

18、e individual product specifications vary as to whethertension tests are required. For this reason, and to determinespecific test requirements, the individual product specificationshall be reviewed. When required, tension tests shall bedetermined in accordance with Test Methods E8.6. Chemical Require

19、ments6.1 The individual product specifications vary as to whetherchemical analysis is required. To determine specific require-ments, the individual product specification should be reviewed.6.2 Sampling shall be conducted in accordance with TestMethod E59. Spectrographic or other methods such as thos

20、e inTest Methods E 30 and E 351 may be used for chemicalanalysis. In the event of a dispute regarding chemical compo-sition, Test Methods E 351 and E 30 shall be used for refereepurposes.6.3 The chemical analysis for total carbon shall be made onchilled pencil-type specimens or from thin wafers appr

21、oxi-mately132 in. (0.8 mm) thick cut from test coupons. Drillingsare not reliable because of a probable loss of graphite.6.4 Chemical analysis results shall be rounded, in accor-dance with Practice E29, to the nearest unit in the lastright-hand place of values in the table of chemical require-ments.

22、6.5 A product analysis may be made by the purchaser frommaterial representing each heat, lot, or casting. The analysisshall be made on representative material. Samples for carbonanalysis shall be taken no closer than in. to a cast surface,and shall follow the practice in 5.3, except where the size o

23、rshape of the casting does not permit such sampling. Thechemical composition thus determined shall meet the require-ments specified in the applicable specification for the gradeinvolved.7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance7.1 All castings shall be made in a workman-like mannerand shall conform to

24、the dimensions on drawings furnished bythe purchaser before manufacture is started. If the pattern issupplied by the purchaser, the dimensions of the casting shallbe as predicted by the pattern.8. Sampling8.1 A lot shall consist of one of the following:8.1.1 All the metal from a single heating in a

25、batchtypemelting furnace.8.1.2 All the metal poured from two or more batchtypemelting furnaces into a single ladle or a single casting.8.1.3 All the metal poured from a continuous meltingfurnace for a given period of time between changes in charge,processing conditions, or aim-for chemistry, or 4 h,

26、 whicheveris the shorter period.8.1.3.1 The purchaser may agree to extend the 4-h timeperiod to8hifthemanufacturer can demonstrate sufficientprocess control to warrant such an extension.9. Inspection9.1 All tests and inspections required by this specificationshall be performed by the manufacturer or

27、 other reliablesources whose services have been contracted for by themanufacturer. Complete records of all tests and inspectionsshall be maintained by the manufacturer and shall be availablefor review by the purchaser.9.2 The manufacturer shall afford the purchasers inspectorall reasonable facilitie

28、s necessary to satisfy that the material isbeing produced and furnished in accordance with the appli-cable specification. Foundry inspection by the purchaser shallnot interfere unnecessarily with the manufacturers operations.9.3 When agreed upon between manufacturer and pur-chaser, test specimens or

29、 unbroken test bars from the same lotshall be saved for a period of 3 months after date of the testreport.9.4 When unbroken test bars are reprocessed with castingsfor rehearing, test specimens from these bars shall be saved, asdescribed in 9.3.9.5 The purchaser reserves the right to perform any insp

30、ec-tions set forth in the specification where such inspections aredeemed necessary to assure that supplies and services conformto the prescribed requirements.10. Repair10.1 Any repair shall be made in accordance with therequirements of the individual specification using proceduresqualified by the ma

31、nufacturer for the type of repair involved.5Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:/www.dodssp.daps.mil.A 834 95 (2006)211. Rejection and Rehearing11.1 Castings which fail to conform to the requirementsspeci

32、fied when inspected or tested by the purchaser or his agentmay be rejected. Rejection shall be reported to the manufac-turer or supplier promptly and in writing. In case of dissatis-faction with the test results, the manufacturer or supplier maymake claim for a rehearing.12. Packaging and Package Ma

33、rking12.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchaseorder, cleaning, preservation, and packaging of castings shallbe in accordance with the manufacturers commercial practice.Packing and marking shall also be adequate to identify thecontents and to ensure acceptance and safe delivery by t

34、hecarrier for the mode of transportation employed.12.2 Government ProcurementWhen specified in the con-tract or purchase order, marking for shipment shall be inaccordance with the requirements of Fed. Std. No. 123 for civilagencies and MIL-STD-129 for military activities.13. Quality Assurance13.1 Th

35、e surface of the casting shall be free of adheringsand, scale, cracks, and hot tears as determined by visualexamination. Other surface discontinuities shall meet the visualacceptance standards specified in the order. Visual PracticeA 802/A 802M or other visual standards may be used to defineacceptab

36、le surface discontinuities and finish. Unacceptablevisual surface discontinuities shall be removed and theirremoval verified by visual examination of the resultant cavi-ties.13.2 When additional inspection is desired, SupplementaryRequirements S1, S2, or S3 may be specified.14. Keywords14.1 chemical

37、 composition; common requirements; gen-eral industry; inspection; iron castings; ordering information;packaging; quality assurance; repair; sampling; tensile require-ments; terminology; workmanshipSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSSupplementary requirements shall be applied only when specified by the purcha

38、ser. Details of thesupplementary requirements shall be agreed upon by the manufacturer and purchaser. The specifiedtests shall be performed by the manufacturer prior to shipment of the castings.S1. Magnetic Particle ExaminationS1.1 Castings shall be examined for surface discontinuitiesby magnetic pa

39、rticle examination. The examination shall be inaccordance with Practice E 709. The extent of examination andthe basis for acceptance shall be agreed upon between themanufacturer and purchaser.S2. Radiographic ExaminationS2.1 Castings shall be examined for internal defects bymeans of X-rays or gamma

40、rays. The procedure shall be inaccordance with Guide E94, and types and degrees of discon-tinuities considered shall be judged by Reference RadiographsE 689 and E 802. The extent of examination and basis foracceptance shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer andpurchaser.S3. Liquid Penetrant Ex

41、aminationS3.1 Castings shall be examined for surface discontinuitiesby means of liquid penetrant examination. The examinationshall be in accordance with Practice E 165. Areas to beinspected, methods and types of liquid penetrants to be used,developing procedure, and basis for acceptance shall be agr

42、eedupon between the manufacturer and purchaser.S4. CertificationS4.1 The manufacturers certification shall be furnished tothe purchaser stating that the material was manufactured,sampled, tested, and inspected in accordance with the materialspecification, including the year date, and was found to me

43、etthe requirements. Additionally, the certification shall includefor each lot the results of all tests required by the materialspecification and any supplementary or additional requirementsimposed by the purchase order.S4.2 A signature is not required on the certification or testreport. However, the

44、 document shall clearly identify theorganization submitting the certification and the authorizedagent of the manufacturer who certified the test results.Notwithstanding the absence of a signature, the organizationsubmitting the certification is responsible for its content.S4.3 The test report shall

45、be furnished within 5 workingdays of shipment of the castings.S5. Prior Approval of Major RepairsS5.1 Major repairs as defined and agreed upon between themanufacturer and purchaser shall be subject to the priorapproval of the purchaser.S6. MarkingS6.1 The manufacturers name or identification mark an

46、dthe part identification number shall be cast or stamped on allcastings. When further specified, lot numbers shall be markedon individual castings.S6.2 When the castings are of such size that individualmarking is impracticable, they shall be grouped by partidentification or lot number and placed in

47、a container. Thecontainer shall be marked with the required identification.S7. Hardness TestS7.1 Hardness measurements at specified locations on thecastings shall be made in accordance with Test Method E10and reported.A 834 95 (2006)3ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of an

48、y patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to rev

49、ision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown