ASTM A834-1995(2011) Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Iron Castings for General Industrial Use《普通工业用铁铸件的一般要求的标准规格》.pdf

1、Designation: A834 95 (Reapproved 2011)Standard Specification forCommon Requirements for Iron Castings for GeneralIndustrial Use1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A834; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revisio

2、n, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers a group of requirements thatare mandatory requirements when used in conjuncti

3、on with thefollowing iron casting specifications issued by ASTM:ASTM Specification2A47/A47MA48/A48MA197/A197MA220/A220MA278/A278MA319A395/A395MA436A439A518/A518MA532/A532MA536A571/A571MA823A842A874/A874MA897/A897M1.2 This specification also covers a group of supplementaryrequirements which may be ap

4、plied to the above specificationsas indicated herein. These are provided for use when additionaltesting or inspection is desired and apply only when specifiedindividually by the purchaser in the order.1.3 The requirements of the individual material specifica-tion, and this general specification shal

5、l prevail in the sequencenamed.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A47/A47M Sp

6、ecification for Ferritic Malleable Iron Cast-ingsA48/A48M Specification for Gray Iron CastingsA197/A197M Specification for Cupola Malleable IronA220/A220M Specification for Pearlitic Malleable IronA247 Test Method for Evaluating the Microstructure ofGraphite in Iron CastingsA278/A278M Specification

7、for Gray Iron Castings forPressure-Containing Parts for Temperatures Up to 650F(350C)A319 Specification for Gray Iron Castings for ElevatedTemperatures for Non-Pressure Containing PartsA395/A395M Specification for Ferritic Ductile IronPressure-Retaining Castings for Use at Elevated Tempera-turesA436

8、 Specification for Austenitic Gray Iron CastingsA439 Specification for Austenitic Ductile Iron CastingsA518/A518M Specification for Corrosion-Resistant High-Silicon Iron CastingsA532/A532M Specification for Abrasion-Resistant CastIronsA536 Specification for Ductile Iron CastingsA571/A571M Specificat

9、ion for Austenitic Ductile IronCastings for Pressure-Containing Parts Suitable for Low-Temperature ServiceA644 Terminology Relating to Iron CastingsA802/A802M Practice for Steel Castings, Surface Accep-tance Standards, Visual ExaminationA823 Specification for Statically Cast Permanent MoldGray Iron

10、Castings1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A04 on IronCastings and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA04.01 on Grey and WhiteIron Castings.Current edition approved March 1, 2011. Published September 2011. Originallyapproved in 1984. Last previous edition approv

11、ed in 2006 as A834 95 (2006).DOI: 10.1520/A0834-95R11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyri

12、ght ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.A842 Specification for Compacted Graphite Iron CastingsA874/A874M Specification for Ferritic Ductile Iron Cast-ings Suitable for Low-Temperature ServiceA897/A897M Specification for Austempered

13、 Ductile IronCastingsA919 Terminology Relating to Heat Treatment of Metals3E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic MaterialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE30 Test Met

14、hods for Chemical Analysis of Steel, CastIron, Open-Hearth Iron, and Wrought Iron3E59 Practice for Sampling Steel and Iron for Determinationof Chemical Composition3E94 Guide for Radiographic ExaminationE165 Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination for GeneralIndustryE351 Test Methods for Chemical A

15、nalysis of Cast IronAll TypesE689 Reference Radiographs for Ductile Iron CastingsE709 Guide for Magnetic Particle TestingE802 Reference Radiographs for Gray Iron Castings Up to412 in. (114 mm) in Thickness2.2 Military Standard:MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage42.3 Federal Standard:Fed. St

16、d. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)43. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Definitions for many terms common to iron castingsand their heat treatment are found in Terminology A919 andTerminology A644. A classification of graphite structure isfound in Test Method A247.4. Ordering Informatio

17、n4.1 The purchase order for castings ordered under thisspecification shall stipulate the applicable material specifica-tion(s), grade of iron, and any options or additions to the basicrequirements, including the supplementary requirements in-cluded in this specification.5. Tensile Requirements5.1 Th

18、e individual product specifications vary as to whethertension tests are required. For this reason, and to determinespecific test requirements, the individual product specificationshall be reviewed. When required, tension tests shall bedetermined in accordance with Test Methods E8.6. Chemical Require

19、ments6.1 The individual product specifications vary as to whetherchemical analysis is required. To determine specific require-ments, the individual product specification should be reviewed.6.2 Sampling shall be conducted in accordance with TestMethod E59. Spectrographic or other methods such as thos

20、e inTest Methods E30 and E351 may be used for chemicalanalysis. In the event of a dispute regarding chemical compo-sition, Test Methods E351 and E30 shall be used for refereepurposes.6.3 The chemical analysis for total carbon shall be made onchilled pencil-type specimens or from thin wafers approxi-

21、mately132 in. (0.8 mm) thick cut from test coupons. Drillingsare not reliable because of a probable loss of graphite.6.4 Chemical analysis results shall be rounded, in accor-dance with Practice E29, to the nearest unit in the lastright-hand place of values in the table of chemical require-ments.6.5

22、A product analysis may be made by the purchaser frommaterial representing each heat, lot, or casting. The analysisshall be made on representative material. Samples for carbonanalysis shall be taken no closer than in. to a cast surface,and shall follow the practice in 5.3, except where the size orsha

23、pe of the casting does not permit such sampling. Thechemical composition thus determined shall meet the require-ments specified in the applicable specification for the gradeinvolved.7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance7.1 All castings shall be made in a workman-like mannerand shall conform to the

24、dimensions on drawings furnished bythe purchaser before manufacture is started. If the pattern issupplied by the purchaser, the dimensions of the casting shallbe as predicted by the pattern.8. Sampling8.1 A lot shall consist of one of the following:8.1.1 All the metal from a single heating in a batc

25、htypemelting furnace.8.1.2 All the metal poured from two or more batchtypemelting furnaces into a single ladle or a single casting.8.1.3 All the metal poured from a continuous meltingfurnace for a given period of time between changes in charge,processing conditions, or aim-for chemistry, or 4 h, whi

26、cheveris the shorter period.8.1.3.1 The purchaser may agree to extend the 4-h timeperiod to8hifthemanufacturer can demonstrate sufficientprocess control to warrant such an extension.9. Inspection9.1 All tests and inspections required by this specificationshall be performed by the manufacturer or oth

27、er reliablesources whose services have been contracted for by themanufacturer. Complete records of all tests and inspectionsshall be maintained by the manufacturer and shall be availablefor review by the purchaser.9.2 The manufacturer shall afford the purchasers inspectorall reasonable facilities ne

28、cessary to satisfy that the material isbeing produced and furnished in accordance with the appli-cable specification. Foundry inspection by the purchaser shallnot interfere unnecessarily with the manufacturers operations.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced

29、on www.astm.org.4Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:/www.dodssp.daps.mil.A834 95 (2011)29.3 When agreed upon between manufacturer and pur-chaser, test specimens or unbroken test bars from the same lotsha

30、ll be saved for a period of 3 months after date of the testreport.9.4 When unbroken test bars are reprocessed with castingsfor rehearing, test specimens from these bars shall be saved, asdescribed in 9.3.9.5 The purchaser reserves the right to perform any inspec-tions set forth in the specification

31、where such inspections aredeemed necessary to assure that supplies and services conformto the prescribed requirements.10. Repair10.1 Any repair shall be made in accordance with therequirements of the individual specification using proceduresqualified by the manufacturer for the type of repair involv

32、ed.11. Rejection and Rehearing11.1 Castings which fail to conform to the requirementsspecified when inspected or tested by the purchaser or his agentmay be rejected. Rejection shall be reported to the manufac-turer or supplier promptly and in writing. In case of dissatis-faction with the test result

33、s, the manufacturer or supplier maymake claim for a rehearing.12. Packaging and Package Marking12.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchaseorder, cleaning, preservation, and packaging of castings shallbe in accordance with the manufacturers commercial practice.Packing and marking shal

34、l also be adequate to identify thecontents and to ensure acceptance and safe delivery by thecarrier for the mode of transportation employed.12.2 Government ProcurementWhen specified in the con-tract or purchase order, marking for shipment shall be inaccordance with the requirements of Fed. Std. No.

35、123 for civilagencies and MIL-STD-129 for military activities.13. Quality Assurance13.1 The surface of the casting shall be free of adheringsand, scale, cracks, and hot tears as determined by visualexamination. Other surface discontinuities shall meet the visualacceptance standards specified in the

36、order. Visual PracticeA802/A802M or other visual standards may be used to defineacceptable surface discontinuities and finish. Unacceptablevisual surface discontinuities shall be removed and theirremoval verified by visual examination of the resultant cavi-ties.13.2 When additional inspection is des

37、ired, SupplementaryRequirements S1, S2, or S3 may be specified.14. Keywords14.1 chemical composition; common requirements; gen-eral industry; inspection; iron castings; ordering information;packaging; quality assurance; repair; sampling; tensile require-ments; terminology; workmanshipSUPPLEMENTARY R

38、EQUIREMENTSSupplementary requirements shall be applied only when specified by the purchaser. Details of thesupplementary requirements shall be agreed upon by the manufacturer and purchaser. The specifiedtests shall be performed by the manufacturer prior to shipment of the castings.S1. Magnetic Parti

39、cle ExaminationS1.1 Castings shall be examined for surface discontinuitiesby magnetic particle examination. The examination shall be inaccordance with Practice E709. The extent of examination andthe basis for acceptance shall be agreed upon between themanufacturer and purchaser.S2. Radiographic Exam

40、inationS2.1 Castings shall be examined for internal defects bymeans of X-rays or gamma rays. The procedure shall be inaccordance with Guide E94, and types and degrees of discon-tinuities considered shall be judged by Reference RadiographsE689 and E802. The extent of examination and basis foracceptan

41、ce shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer andpurchaser.S3. Liquid Penetrant ExaminationS3.1 Castings shall be examined for surface discontinuitiesby means of liquid penetrant examination. The examinationshall be in accordance with Practice E165. Areas to beinspected, methods and types of liqu

42、id penetrants to be used,developing procedure, and basis for acceptance shall be agreedupon between the manufacturer and purchaser.S4. CertificationS4.1 The manufacturers certification shall be furnished tothe purchaser stating that the material was manufactured,sampled, tested, and inspected in acc

43、ordance with the materialspecification, including the year date, and was found to meetthe requirements. Additionally, the certification shall includefor each lot the results of all tests required by the materialspecification and any supplementary or additional requirementsimposed by the purchase ord

44、er.S4.2 A signature is not required on the certification or testreport. However, the document shall clearly identify theorganization submitting the certification and the authorizedagent of the manufacturer who certified the test results.Notwithstanding the absence of a signature, the organizationsub

45、mitting the certification is responsible for its content.S4.3 The test report shall be furnished within 5 workingdays of shipment of the castings.S5. Prior Approval of Major RepairsS5.1 Major repairs as defined and agreed upon between themanufacturer and purchaser shall be subject to the priorapprov

46、al of the purchaser.A834 95 (2011)3S6. MarkingS6.1 The manufacturers name or identification mark andthe part identification number shall be cast or stamped on allcastings. When further specified, lot numbers shall be markedon individual castings.S6.2 When the castings are of such size that individua

47、lmarking is impracticable, they shall be grouped by partidentification or lot number and placed in a container. Thecontainer shall be marked with the required identification.S7. Hardness TestS7.1 Hardness measurements at specified locations on thecastings shall be made in accordance with Test Method

48、 E10and reported.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of

49、 such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you sh