ASTM A834-1995(2015) Standard Specification for Common Requirements for Iron Castings for General Industrial Use《一般工业用铸铁件通用要求的标准规格》.pdf

1、Designation: A834 95 (Reapproved 2015)Standard Specification forCommon Requirements for Iron Castings for GeneralIndustrial Use1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A834; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revisio

2、n, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers a group of requirements thatare mandatory requirements when used in conjuncti

3、on with thefollowing iron casting specifications issued by ASTM:ASTM Specification2A47/A47MA48/A48MA197/A197MA220/A220MA278/A278MA319A395/A395MA436A439A518/A518MA532/A532MA536A571/A571MA823A842A874/A874MA897/A897M1.2 This specification also covers a group of supplementaryrequirements which may be ap

4、plied to the above specificationsas indicated herein. These are provided for use when additionaltesting or inspection is desired and apply only when specifiedindividually by the purchaser in the order.1.3 The requirements of the individual materialspecification, and this general specification shall

5、prevail in thesequence named.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A47/A47M Spec

6、ification for Ferritic Malleable Iron Cast-ingsA48/A48M Specification for Gray Iron CastingsA197/A197M Specification for Cupola Malleable IronA220/A220M Specification for Pearlitic Malleable IronA247 Test Method for Evaluating the Microstructure ofGraphite in Iron CastingsA278/A278M Specification fo

7、r Gray Iron Castings forPressure-Containing Parts for Temperatures Up to 650F(350C)A319 Specification for Gray Iron Castings for ElevatedTemperatures for Non-Pressure Containing PartsA395/A395M Specification for Ferritic Ductile IronPressure-Retaining Castings for Use at Elevated Tempera-turesA436 S

8、pecification for Austenitic Gray Iron CastingsA439 Specification for Austenitic Ductile Iron CastingsA518/A518M Specification for Corrosion-Resistant High-Silicon Iron CastingsA532/A532M Specification for Abrasion-Resistant CastIronsA536 Specification for Ductile Iron CastingsA571/A571M Specificatio

9、n forAustenitic Ductile Iron Cast-ings for Pressure-Containing Parts Suitable for Low-Temperature ServiceA644 Terminology Relating to Iron CastingsA802/A802M Practice for Steel Castings, Surface Accep-tance Standards, Visual ExaminationA823 Specification for Statically Cast Permanent Mold GrayIron C

10、astingsA842 Specification for Compacted Graphite Iron CastingsA874/A874M Specification for Ferritic Ductile Iron Cast-ings Suitable for Low-Temperature ServiceA897/A897M Specification for Austempered Ductile IronCastings1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A04 on IronCasti

11、ngs and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A04.01 on Grey andWhiteIron Castings.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2015. Published November 2015. Originallyapproved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as A834 95 (2011).DOI: 10.1520/A0834-95R15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visi

12、t the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-295

13、9. United States1A919 Terminology Relating to Heat Treatment of Metals(Withdrawn 1999)3E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic MaterialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications

14、E30 Test Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of Steel, Cast Iron,Open-Hearth Iron, and Wrought Iron (Withdrawn 1995)3E59 Practice for Sampling Steel and Iron for Determinationof Chemical Composition (Withdrawn 1996)3E94 Guide for Radiographic ExaminationE165 Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination for Ge

15、neralIndustryE351 Test Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of Cast IronAllTypesE689 Reference Radiographs for Ductile Iron CastingsE709 Guide for Magnetic Particle TestingE802 Reference Radiographs for Gray Iron Castings Up to412 in. (114 mm) in Thickness2.2 Military Standard:MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipme

16、nt and Storage42.3 Federal Standard:Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)43. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Definitions for many terms common to iron castingsand their heat treatment are found in Terminology A919 andTerminology A644. A classification of graphite structure isfound

17、 in Test Method A247.4. Ordering Information4.1 The purchase order for castings ordered under thisspecification shall stipulate the applicable materialspecification(s), grade of iron, and any options or additions tothe basic requirements, including the supplementary require-ments included in this sp

18、ecification.5. Tensile Requirements5.1 The individual product specifications vary as to whethertension tests are required. For this reason, and to determinespecific test requirements, the individual product specificationshall be reviewed. When required, tension tests shall bedetermined in accordance

19、 with Test Methods E8.6. Chemical Requirements6.1 The individual product specifications vary as to whetherchemical analysis is required. To determine specificrequirements, the individual product specification should bereviewed.6.2 Sampling shall be conducted in accordance with TestMethod E59. Spectr

20、ographic or other methods such as those inTest Methods E30 and E351 may be used for chemicalanalysis. In the event of a dispute regarding chemicalcomposition, Test Methods E351 and E30 shall be used forreferee purposes.6.3 The chemical analysis for total carbon shall be made onchilled pencil-type sp

21、ecimens or from thin wafers approxi-mately132 in. (0.8 mm) thick cut from test coupons. Drillingsare not reliable because of a probable loss of graphite.6.4 Chemical analysis results shall be rounded, in accor-dance with Practice E29, to the nearest unit in the lastright-hand place of values in the

22、table of chemical require-ments.6.5 A product analysis may be made by the purchaser frommaterial representing each heat, lot, or casting. The analysisshall be made on representative material. Samples for carbonanalysis shall be taken no closer than in. to a cast surface,and shall follow the practice

23、 in 5.3, except where the size orshape of the casting does not permit such sampling. Thechemical composition thus determined shall meet the require-ments specified in the applicable specification for the gradeinvolved.7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance7.1 All castings shall be made in a workman-

24、like mannerand shall conform to the dimensions on drawings furnished bythe purchaser before manufacture is started. If the pattern issupplied by the purchaser, the dimensions of the casting shallbe as predicted by the pattern.8. Sampling8.1 A lot shall consist of one of the following:8.1.1 All the m

25、etal from a single heating in a batchtypemelting furnace.8.1.2 All the metal poured from two or more batchtypemelting furnaces into a single ladle or a single casting.8.1.3 All the metal poured from a continuous meltingfurnace for a given period of time between changes in charge,processing condition

26、s, or aim-for chemistry, or 4 h, whicheveris the shorter period.8.1.3.1 The purchaser may agree to extend the 4-h timeperiod to8hifthemanufacturer can demonstrate sufficientprocess control to warrant such an extension.9. Inspection9.1 All tests and inspections required by this specificationshall be

27、performed by the manufacturer or other reliablesources whose services have been contracted for by themanufacturer. Complete records of all tests and inspectionsshall be maintained by the manufacturer and shall be availablefor review by the purchaser.9.2 The manufacturer shall afford the purchasers i

28、nspectorall reasonable facilities necessary to satisfy that the material isbeing produced and furnished in accordance with the appli-cable specification. Foundry inspection by the purchaser shallnot interfere unnecessarily with the manufacturers operations.3The last approved version of this historic

29、al standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http:/www.dodssp.daps.mil.A834 95 (2015)29.3 When agreed upon between manufacturer andpurchaser, test specimens or unbroken test ba

30、rs from the samelot shall be saved for a period of 3 months after date of the testreport.9.4 When unbroken test bars are reprocessed with castingsfor rehearing, test specimens from these bars shall be saved, asdescribed in 9.3.9.5 The purchaser reserves the right to perform any inspec-tions set fort

31、h in the specification where such inspections aredeemed necessary to assure that supplies and services conformto the prescribed requirements.10. Repair10.1 Any repair shall be made in accordance with therequirements of the individual specification using proceduresqualified by the manufacturer for th

32、e type of repair involved.11. Rejection and Rehearing11.1 Castings which fail to conform to the requirementsspecified when inspected or tested by the purchaser or his agentmay be rejected. Rejection shall be reported to the manufac-turer or supplier promptly and in writing. In case of dissatis-facti

33、on with the test results, the manufacturer or supplier maymake claim for a rehearing.12. Packaging and Package Marking12.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchaseorder, cleaning, preservation, and packaging of castings shallbe in accordance with the manufacturers commercial practice.P

34、acking and marking shall also be adequate to identify thecontents and to ensure acceptance and safe delivery by thecarrier for the mode of transportation employed.12.2 Government ProcurementWhen specified in the con-tract or purchase order, marking for shipment shall be inaccordance with the require

35、ments of Fed. Std. No. 123 for civilagencies and MIL-STD-129 for military activities.13. Quality Assurance13.1 The surface of the casting shall be free of adheringsand, scale, cracks, and hot tears as determined by visualexamination. Other surface discontinuities shall meet the visualacceptance stan

36、dards specified in the order. Visual PracticeA802/A802M or other visual standards may be used to defineacceptable surface discontinuities and finish. Unacceptablevisual surface discontinuities shall be removed and theirremoval verified by visual examination of the resultant cavi-ties.13.2 When addit

37、ional inspection is desired, SupplementaryRequirements S1, S2, or S3 may be specified.14. Keywords14.1 chemical composition; common requirements; gen-eral industry; inspection; iron castings; ordering information;packaging; quality assurance; repair; sampling; tensile require-ments; terminology; wor

38、kmanshipSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSSupplementary requirements shall be applied only when specified by the purchaser. Details of thesupplementary requirements shall be agreed upon by the manufacturer and purchaser. The specifiedtests shall be performed by the manufacturer prior to shipment of the cast

39、ings.S1. Magnetic Particle ExaminationS1.1 Castings shall be examined for surface discontinuitiesby magnetic particle examination. The examination shall be inaccordance with Practice E709. The extent of examination andthe basis for acceptance shall be agreed upon between themanufacturer and purchase

40、r.S2. Radiographic ExaminationS2.1 Castings shall be examined for internal defects bymeans of X-rays or gamma rays. The procedure shall be inaccordance with Guide E94, and types and degrees of discon-tinuities considered shall be judged by Reference RadiographsE689 and E802. The extent of examinatio

41、n and basis foracceptance shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer andpurchaser.S3. Liquid Penetrant ExaminationS3.1 Castings shall be examined for surface discontinuitiesby means of liquid penetrant examination. The examinationshall be in accordance with Practice E165. Areas to beinspected, me

42、thods and types of liquid penetrants to be used,developing procedure, and basis for acceptance shall be agreedupon between the manufacturer and purchaser.S4. CertificationS4.1 The manufacturers certification shall be furnished tothe purchaser stating that the material was manufactured,sampled, teste

43、d, and inspected in accordance with the materialspecification, including the year date, and was found to meetthe requirements. Additionally, the certification shall includefor each lot the results of all tests required by the materialspecification and any supplementary or additional requirementsimpo

44、sed by the purchase order.S4.2 A signature is not required on the certification or testreport. However, the document shall clearly identify theorganization submitting the certification and the authorizedagent of the manufacturer who certified the test results.Notwithstanding the absence of a signatu

45、re, the organizationsubmitting the certification is responsible for its content.S4.3 The test report shall be furnished within 5 workingdays of shipment of the castings.A834 95 (2015)3S5. Prior Approval of Major RepairsS5.1 Major repairs as defined and agreed upon between themanufacturer and purchas

46、er shall be subject to the priorapproval of the purchaser.S6. MarkingS6.1 The manufacturers name or identification mark andthe part identification number shall be cast or stamped on allcastings. When further specified, lot numbers shall be markedon individual castings.S6.2 When the castings are of s

47、uch size that individualmarking is impracticable, they shall be grouped by partidentification or lot number and placed in a container. Thecontainer shall be marked with the required identification.S7. Hardness TestS7.1 Hardness measurements at specified locations on thecastings shall be made in acco

48、rdance with Test Method E10and reported.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the

49、 riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not receiv